Dynamics of coupled Josephson junctions under the influence of applied fields

We investigate the effect of the phase difference of applied fields on the dynamics of mutually coupled Josephson junction. The system desynchronizes for any value of applied phase difference and the dynamics even changes from chaotic to periodic motion for some values of applied phase difference. We report that by keeping the value of phase difference as $\pi$, the system continues to be in periodic motion for a wide range of system parameter values which might be of great practical applications.Comment: 13 pages 13 figure

Efficacy of Topical Eberconazole in the Treatment of Tinea Cruris and Tinea Corporis

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A comparison study of the clinical efficacy and safety of topical adapalene gel (0.1%) and tretinoin cream (0.025%) in the treatment of acne vulgaris

Background: Adapalene a synthetic retinoid analogue, is an addition to the arsenal of topical retinoids developed for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. The study was designed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of topical adapalene gel 0.1% and tretinoin cream 0.025% in the treatment of acne vulgaris.Methods: A total of 80 patients with grade I-III acne vulgaris seen in the out-patient department of a tertiary care center were randomized to 8 weeks of daily treatment with either adapalene gel 0.1% or tretinoin gel 0.025%. Counts of total lesions, inflammatory lesions and non-inflammatory lesions were made at baseline and again at treatment weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. Global assessment ratings, based on percent lesion reduction from baseline were also made. Side-effects like erythema, burning, pruritus, scaling and dryness were rated on a 0-3 severity scale.Results: Out of 80 patients there were 8 dropouts in the study; the 72 patients who completed the study were evaluated for efficacy and safety. Both adapalene and tretinoin produce dramatic reductions in total, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts, on an average. Cutaneous side-effects were limited to a mild retinoid dermatitis occurring in both treatment groups however patients treated with adapalene gel tolerated this therapy significantly better than those treated with tretinoin cream.Conclusions: Adapalene gel 0.1% offers comparable efficacy to tretinoin cream 0.025 % cream, but is less irritating. Adapalene gel 0.1% is a safe and effective topical agent in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris in Indian patients

Photodynamic therapy in dermatology

Photodynamic therapy is a new modality of therapy being used for the diagnosis and treatment of many tumors. It is now being increasingly used for skin tumors and other dermatological disorders. With its range of application it is certainly the therapy of the future. Its mechanism of action is by the Type II photo-oxidative reaction. The variables are the photosensitizer, the tissue oxygenation and the light source. It has been used to treat various disorders including Bowen′s disease, actinic keratoses, squamous cell carcinomas, basal cell carcinomas, and mycosis fungoides. The side-effects are fortunately mild and transient. Newer photosensitisers like methyl aminolevulinate hold a lot of promise for better therapy