Using Physical Compilation to Implement a System on Chip Platform

The goal of this thesis was to setup a complete design flow involving physical synthesis. The design chosen for this purpose was a system-on-chip (SoC) platform developed at the University of Tennessee. It involves a Leon Processor with a minimal cache configuration, an AMBA on-chip bus and an Advanced Encryption Standard module which performs decryption. As transistor size has entered the deep submicron level, iterations involved in the design cycle have increased due to the domination of interconnect delays over cell delays. Traditionally, interconnect delay has been estimated through the use of wire-load models. However, since there is no physical placement information, the delay estimation may be ineffective and result in increased iterations. Hence, placement-based synthesis has recently been introduced to provide better interconnect delay estimation. The tool used in this thesis to implement the system-on-chip design using physical synthesis is Synopsys Physical Compiler. The flow has been setup through the use of the Galaxy Reference Flow scripts obtained from Synopsys. As part of the thesis, an analysis of the differences between a physically synthesized design and a logically synthesized one in terms of area and delay is presented

A QUICK OVERVIEW OF NANOMEDICINE APPLICATIONS IN BREAST CANCER DETECTION, IMAGING, AND THERAPY

Breast cancer continues to be a global public health dilemma and is currently the most prevalent tumor in the world. Breast cancer awareness, public attention, and progress in the breast imaging have had a positive impact on breast cancer recognition and screening. Breast cancer is a fatal disease in females and the leading cause of death in females. Over the past two decades, studies related to breast cancer have guided amazing advances in our understanding of breast cancer, leading to more competent treatments. Among all the malignant diseases, breast cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality among postmenopausal women, accounting for 23% of all cancer fatalities. This is a global problem today, but it is still diagnosed in its advanced stages due to women's neglect concerning about the self-inspection and clinical examination of the breast. This review presents different types of breast cancer, symptoms, risk factors, epidemiology of breast cancer, stages of breast cancer, diagnostic investigations, and treatment. Chemotherapy, targeted therapies, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone replacement therapy, complementary therapies, gene therapy, and stem-cell therapy are some of the treatments for breast cancer. In this review, various applications of nano-carriers were discussed such as nanopolymers, Nanoshells, nanocrystals, quantum dots, and dendrimers were examined, as well as their potential in early cancer diagnosis and therapy

USING PHYSICAL COMPILATION TO IMPLEMENT A SYSTEM ON CHIP PLATFORM

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The use of sulfer modified bottom ash (SMBA) as an aggregate in asphaltic mixtures

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references: p.61-65.Issued also on microfiche from Lange Micrographics.Of the 20 million tons of bottom ash and boiler slag generated annually in the United States less than 40 percent is used. The eastern half of Texas is served by 18 coal burning electric power generating plants which produce approximately 3.8 million tons of bottom ash each year. This is also the section of the state in which the sources of quality aggregates are either few. dwindling or nonexistent. While a small fraction of the bottom ash is utilized, the rest is delegated to landfills or on-site disposal areas. Increasing attention is being given to development of new, high-volume uses for this safe and readily available by-product. One such use is as an aggregate in road construction. The use of bottom ash as an aggregate for both roadway surfaces and base courses has been limited due to its absorbency and friability. The former tends to increase asphalt binder demand while the latter adversely affects its ability to withstand the crushing effects of traffic loads. On the other hand, bottom ash is lighter in weight and generally much cheaper than conventional quality aggregates such as limestone, sand and gavel. This research was designed to up-firade the load-bearing characteristics of bottom ash and maximize its use 'in asphaltic concrete roadway mixtures through the use of sulfur. The process essentially coats the ash with liquid sulfur which upon cooling fills the voids on the surface of the particles while increasing their crush resistance. The results of this investigation indicate that asphaltic concrete mix designs in which bottom ash represents from 5 0 to I 00 percent of the aggregate fraction can be achieved

RECENT STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF COUMARIN-CHALCONE DERIVATIVES

Coumarins and chalcones are potential pharmacological and biologically active molecules obtained from natural source. Coumarins have predominant pharmacological activities such as antidiabetic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activity. Chalcones are also one of the naturally occurring pharmacologically vital molecules with different activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, and antimalarial activity. Literature reveals that a huge number of coumarinyl chalcone derivatives have various pharmacological activities. Coumarinyl chalcone derivatives gained more prominence due to their significant biological activities. This work explains the current information about synthesis techniques, pharmacological importance, and clinical applications of coumarinyl chalcone derivatives

Quinazolin derivatives as emerging alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

A series of C-7 substituted-2-morpholino-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)quinazolin-4-amine have been synthesized and biochemical assay was examined against α-glucosidase function inhibition activity. A structure activity and structure property relationship study was experimented to surface the new hit compound. This study led to the identification of C-7substituted quinazolines with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the preffered micromolar range in addition with interesting physicochemical properties. Biological evaluation yielded eight analogs which rose with significant α-glucosidase inhibition potency (IC50 values < 2 μM, where reference compound (Acarbose) potency value is IC50 = 0.586 uM) and could be promising candidates for further lead optimization

Effect of Costus igneus: The insulin plant, on prediabetes and diabetes in neonatal streptozotocin rats

Introduction: Pre-diabetes is a condition that persists for a considerable duration before progressing into type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Development of resistance to insulin is the underlying cause of pre-diabetes, preventive measures such as diagnosis, treatment and exercise will preclude its development into T2DM. The present study aims at studying the effect of pre-treatment and post-treatment with isolated fraction of Costus igneus on pre-diabetes and diabetes in neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2DM.Methods: Neonatal rats were treated with STZ and differentiated for pre-treatment and post-treatment. Rats of pre-treated group were treated with isolated fraction of Costus igneus (CIF) from 4th week after STZ administration and after 12th week in non-treated rats of post-treatment group. The antihyperglycemic was studied on 7th and 12th week after STZ treatment using oral glucose tolerance test and the hypoglycemic effect was studied on day 1, 7, 14 and 21 of treatment after 12th week of STZ treatment in both pre and post treated groups.Results: Oral glucose tolerance test on 7th and 12th week had shown a protective effect against increase in blood glucose levels in pre-treated groups whereas, no such significant decrease was observed in non-treated groups. In the effect on hypoglycemia, a reduction in blood glucose levels was observed on treatment with CIF in both pre and post treated rats on 14th and 21st day.Conclusions: Treatment with CIF in pre-diabetic stage could reduce the chances of progression into T2DM and is also beneficial in diabetic rats, which could be due to increase in the peripheral utilization of glucose and the insulin mimetic effect of Costus igneus