52 research outputs found
Light-dependent induction of Edn2 expression and attenuation of retinal pathology by endothelin receptor antagonists in Prominin-1- deficient mice
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) are prevalent retinal degenerative diseases associated with gradual photoreceptor death. These diseases are often caused by genetic mutations that result in degeneration of the retina postnatally after it has fully developed. The Prominin-1 gene (Prom1) is a causative gene for RP and MD, and Prom1- knockout (KO) mice recapitulate key features of these diseases including light-dependent retinal degeneration and stenosis of retinal blood vessels. The mechanisms underlying progression of such degeneration have remained unknown, however. We here analysed early events associated with retinal degeneration in Prom1-KO mice. We found that photoreceptor cell death and glial cell activation occur between 2 and 3 weeks after birth. High-throughput analysis revealed that expression of the endothelin-2 gene (Edn2) was markedly up-regulated in the Prom1-deficient retina during this period. Expression of Edn2 was also induced by light stimulation in Prom1-KO mice that had been reared in the dark. Finally, treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists attenuated photoreceptor cell death, gliosis, and retinal vessel stenosis in Prom1-KO mice. Our findings suggest that inhibitors of endothelin signalling may delay the progression of RP and MD and therefore warrant further study as potential therapeutic agents for these diseases
〓
・家族人員数は平均4.2人であり, 家族構成は親と子が半数で祖父母と同居している者が約40%であった。・使用米の購入は,全体的にみておよそ60%が業者からで, 購入量は20~29kgが44%, 30kg以上が33.7%であった。・使用米の種類は, 精白米を使用している家庭が77%あり, 1kg当たりの価格は, 350~600円であった。品質はIA・IB, IIA・IIBが半数を占めており, 標準価格米は12.9%であった。・食味の官能検査においては, 標準価格米はIIBシルバーよりやや劣り, 価格の高い米の方がわずかにおいしいという結果が得られた。・食事状況については, 休日は朝昼兼用で二食にしている者が多く, 朝・昼・夕とも平日より「家庭で作る」者は少ない。・米を主食とする者は, 朝食・昼食では60%夕食では80%あり, 全体的にみると主食の種類は米 : パン : 麺の割合が7 : 2 : 1であった。主食に米を食する者の割合は, 昭和57年の本学学生を対象にした調査よりわずかに増加した。・米飯料理にうち1/4が白飯以外の米飯料理であった。種類は35種類で, その順位はすし・炊き込みごはん・カレーライスの順で, すしはどの季節にも多く, 炊き込みごはんは春秋に多く食べられていた。・1人1日当たりの摂取量は平均110.6gで, 1食当たりの摂取量は63.4gであった。1食当たりの摂取量を米飯料理の種類別にみると白飯では57.8gであり, 白飯以外はいずれも多く1.2~1.4倍であった。・若者の米離れがいわれているが, やはり今回の調査でも, 昭和57年の調査に比べて, 摂取量においてはかなりの減少がみられた。米飯嗜好の点からみると米は決して嫌われているわけではなく, 朝食を手軽にするということからパン食になったり, 米飯が適している弁当を持参する者が少なくなったり, また飽食の時代となって, 副食が多く主食の少ない食事傾向になるなど, 米の摂取量を減らしているのは嗜好より他の要因によるのではないかと考えられる
A study of trends among alumni of Nayoro City College Nursing Department
本研究の目的は,市立名寄短期大学看護学科卒業生の動向と卒業生が社会で果たしている役割を明らかにすることにより,今後の名寄市立大学のあり方やその果たす役割について検討することである。市立名寄短期大学看護学科卒業生1期生〜10期生(1997年〜2006年卒)約500人を調査対象とし,2006年に自記式質問紙による留め置き調査を実施した。回答が得られた123人(回収率24.9%)について分析した。その結果,卒業時には札幌の200床以上の病院に就業していた卒業生たちが調査時点では札幌から道内各地へと広がり,都市部のみならず広く地域の保健福祉医療に従事していることがわかった。また,名寄市を含む道北地域に従事する者も卒業時点より増加していること,とりわけ名寄市内に卒業時就業した者と,調査時点で就業している者の数が等しく,名寄市に就職した後市外に転職した卒業生がいる一方で,他の地域で就業した後に名寄市内に就業する者がいることがわかった。卒業生の看護実践力の自己評価は必ずしも高くはないが,修得したい看護実践内容や自己研鑽の意欲は高く,前向きな姿勢であることが明らかとなった。卒業生がそれぞれの職場で担っている役割や,卒業生が感じている看護職としての前進・進歩の促進要因および阻害要因を分析し,教育機関としてどのような情報提供や協力体制が必要であるかについて考察した。本研究により,卒業生を輩出した地方小都市に位置する教育機関がどのような支援をしたらよいのかが今後の課題となった。This paper reviews results of a survey undertaken to clarify post-graduation trends over a 10-year period among alumini of the Nayoro City College Nursing program. Around 500 questionnaires were mailed out to graduates. Of the 123 respondents, roughly 80% were either working or studying in nursing-related fields. Immediately after graduation, the largest number of respondents found employment in Sapporo, the major centre of Hokkaido, while at the time of this survey, working alumni were spread more evenly throughout the various regions of Hokkaido. Also at graduation, respondents tended to find employment at larger institutions (>200 beds) while this percentage had decreased at the time of this survey. The number of alumni working in Nayoro has remained constant over time with some graduates moving away and others returning. Alumni did not rate their nursing skills highly, although their desire to brush up and advance their careers was high. This study reveals that graduates of Nayoro City College Nursing Department are active throughout Hokkaido
Onomatoperori : Ranking Cooking Recipes by using Onomatopoeias which Express their Tastes and Textures
Calculation of account reachability risk for users having multiple SNS accounts from user’s profile and regional information
Privacy Risks and Countermeasures in Publishing and Mining Social Network Data
Abstract—As interests in sharing and mining social network data continue to grow, we see a growing demand for privacy preserving social network data publishing. In this paper, we discuss privacy risks in publishing social network data and the design principles for developing countermeasures. The main contributions of this study are three folds. First, to the best of our knowledge, we make the first attempt to define the utility of released data in terms of exposure levels and query types, assuming queries are the most fundamental operations in social network analysis. We argue that using information exposure levels to characterize the utility of anonymized data can be used as a general and usage-neutral metric and query types can be used as the baseline usage driven utility metric. Second, we identify two types of background knowledge based inference attacks that can break some of most representative graph permutation based anonymization techniques in terms of anonymity violations. Third but not the least, we describe some design considerations for developing countermeasures in privacy preserving social network data publishing. I
Visualization of Seismic Wave Data by Volume Rendering and Its Application to an Interactive Query Tool
We propose the Queryball model, which is a new style interaction model for a 3D visualization system. Queryball, which is a translucent ball, has search conditions, and two types of display methods. By locating a Queryball on the region of interest, users can observe just the objects they are interested in with emphasizing them and having other objects disappear. Users can change the region of interest by changing the area specification of the Queryball interactively. Although Queryball is useful for interactive analyze of various kinds of data, we need to consider and provide various usage of Queryball. In this paper, as the first step for providing such examples, we visualize seismic wave data and the underground structure of the earth. We apply some Queryballs to the results which are obtained by a volume rendering technique and an appropriate transfer function by examining the data distribution
- …