1,782 research outputs found
Attitudes of Medical Students Towards Interprofessional Education: A mixed methods study
Background: Interprofessional Education (IPE) aims to improve studentsâ attitudes towards collaboration, teamwork, and leads to improved patient care upon graduation. However, the best time to introduce IPE into the undergraduate curriculum is still under debate.
Methods: We used a mixed-methods design based on a sequential explanatory model. Medical students from all six years at the University of Bern, Switzerland (n=683) completed an online survey about attitudes towards interprofessional learning using a scale validated for German speakers (G-IPAS). Thirty-one medical students participated in nine semi-structured interviews focusing on their experience in interprofessional learning and on the possible impact it might have on their professional development.
Results: Women showed better attitudes in the G-IPAS across all years (p=0,007). Pre-clinical students showed more positive attitudes towards IPE [Year 1 to Year 3 (p=0.011)]. Students correctly defined IPE and its core dimensions. They appealed for more organized IPE interventions throughout the curriculum. Students also acknowledged the relevance of IPE for their future professional performance.
Conclusions: These findings support an early introduction of IPE into the medical curriculum. Although students realise that interprofessional learning is fundamental to high-quality patient care, there are still obstacles and stereotypes to overcome
Mandarin Singing Voice Synthesis Based on Harmonic Plus Noise Model and Singing Expression Analysis
The purpose of this study is to investigate how humans interpret musical
scores expressively, and then design machines that sing like humans. We
consider six factors that have a strong influence on the expression of human
singing. The factors are related to the acoustic, phonetic, and musical
features of a real singing signal. Given real singing voices recorded following
the MIDI scores and lyrics, our analysis module can extract the expression
parameters from the real singing signals semi-automatically. The expression
parameters are used to control the singing voice synthesis (SVS) system for
Mandarin Chinese, which is based on the harmonic plus noise model (HNM). The
results of perceptual experiments show that integrating the expression factors
into the SVS system yields a notable improvement in perceptual naturalness,
clearness, and expressiveness. By one-to-one mapping of the real singing signal
and expression controls to the synthesizer, our SVS system can simulate the
interpretation of a real singer with the timbre of a speaker.Comment: 8 pages, technical repor
Affective Music Information Retrieval
Much of the appeal of music lies in its power to convey emotions/moods and to
evoke them in listeners. In consequence, the past decade witnessed a growing
interest in modeling emotions from musical signals in the music information
retrieval (MIR) community. In this article, we present a novel generative
approach to music emotion modeling, with a specific focus on the
valence-arousal (VA) dimension model of emotion. The presented generative
model, called \emph{acoustic emotion Gaussians} (AEG), better accounts for the
subjectivity of emotion perception by the use of probability distributions.
Specifically, it learns from the emotion annotations of multiple subjects a
Gaussian mixture model in the VA space with prior constraints on the
corresponding acoustic features of the training music pieces. Such a
computational framework is technically sound, capable of learning in an online
fashion, and thus applicable to a variety of applications, including
user-independent (general) and user-dependent (personalized) emotion
recognition and emotion-based music retrieval. We report evaluations of the
aforementioned applications of AEG on a larger-scale emotion-annotated corpora,
AMG1608, to demonstrate the effectiveness of AEG and to showcase how
evaluations are conducted for research on emotion-based MIR. Directions of
future work are also discussed.Comment: 40 pages, 18 figures, 5 tables, author versio
A study of the oxygen exchange between chromate ion and water
The kinetics of the isotopic exchange reaction between OÂčâž-enriched chromate ion and solvent water have been measured as a function of pH and chromate ion concentration. The exchange kinetics can be explained in terms of the dimerization equilibria HCrO4Ì + CrâO[subscript 7 with double dash above] [double arrows] CrâO[subscript 7 with double dash above] + OHâ» and 2HCrO4Ì [double arrows] CrâO[subscript 7 with double dash above] + HâO except at high pH, where it is independent of pH. Rate constants at 30ÂșC for the reactions of the dimerization equilibria and the first order reaction at the high pH have been evaluated from the exchange results. The activation energy of the exchange at pH 8.70 and 1.15MÌČ chromate ion is 11,400 cal moleâ»Âč. The reaction proceeds faster in DâO with RD/RH equal to 1.64 at pH 7.2. The experimental results are compared with the values obtained by other investigators --Abstract, page ii
An analysis of the debate between economic gobalization and regionalization based on Rawlsâs theory of justice
Driven by globalization, international economic integration has become unavoidable. Within this broader trend, two distinctive modes of international regime building can be identified globalism and regionalism. Globalism, illustrated using the case of the World Trade Organization (WTO), pushes forward global economic integration using established norms. In contrast, regionalism involves gradual expansion of regional integration mechanisms based on interests of member states. This study assesses these two development modes with justice as a concept of moral rightness. To this effect, Rawlsâs theory of justice is applied to evaluate standards of justice in international regimes. Based on Rawlsâs two principles of justice, three assessment criteria are developed: (1) equal qualification principle, (2) equal opportunity principle, and (3) difference principle. These criteria are applied for comparative analysis of justice in the development of global and regional regimes in order to develop a model for international regimes that is consistent with the concept of justice. A comparison of (1) qualifications for membership; (2) fairness of decision making mechanisms, and (3) institutionalization of differential treatment shows that justice in global regimes is superior to that in regional regimes. In other words, in terms of the philosophy of moral rightness, states should pursue integration based on the principles of globalism
Bridge to the Future: A Career Exploration Frame of Reference for Students with Disabilities
Exploring and facilitating the transition process from school to employment for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), especially those still in the school system, has now become an important concern for researchers, educators, and service providers working in this area. The Bridge to the Future (BTTF) Frame of Reference offers a new approach to facilitate the school-to-work transition for secondary school students with IDD in a self-contained classroom setting by adopting the Social Cognitive Career Theory and Self-Determination Theory as its main theoretical foundation. The BTTF Frame of Reference was developed for use by the team of transdisciplinary school professionals. It aims to facilitate studentsâ learning in the area of career exploration, goal setting, and work-related skills, as well as to improve studentsâ self-efficacy and self-determination skills. The purpose of the BTTF Frame of Reference is to provide guidelines to teach students with IDD vocational skills as well as other life skills, including ADLs, IADLs, and community participation, and to increase studentsâ readiness for transition through engaging them in career exploration activities
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