Sandra Boehringer & Violaine Sebillotte Cuchet (dir.), Hommes et femmes dans l’Antiquité grecque et romaine. Le Genre : méthode et documents

Cet ouvrage, à forte vocation pédagogique, a été réalisé sous la direction de Sandra Boehringer et de Violaine Sebillotte Cuchet, deux antiquisantes de renom sur le plan international, qui regardent dans une perspective renouvelée les gender studies. Le volume rassemble les contributions d’une vingtaine d’excellents chercheurs et chercheuses dans le domaine de l’Antiquité grecque et romaine, l’équipe d’accueil « Phéacie », le centre ANHIMA et l’atelier EFiGiES ayant été les viviers où ont été..

Nei panni dell'altro. Studi sul travestimento "intersessuale" in Grecia antica.

Le pratiche di travestimento intersessuale nel mondo antico forniscono una chiave di lettura non secondaria di una particolare rappresentazione dell’“altro”in un’ottica di genere. Agendo attraverso il simbolico, esse offrono un paradigma significativo delle caratteristiche distintive che le società antiche attribuivano ai sessi e al genere in un dato contesto. Inteso come fatto rituale ed elemento di costume, il fenomeno è stato analizzato con gli strumenti metodologici dell’antropologia storica, applicata allo studio di talune esemplificazioni scelte per ragioni d’interesse e peculiarità specifiche

La guerra dentro e fuori: giochi di genere tra Argo e Tegea

International audienceTelesilla and Marpessa. Argos and Tegea. Two leaders, two poleis, saved by warriors γυναῖκες. Their war action against external enemy is associated with some « strange » rites into the city. These two traditions call into question the function generally assigned to women in war : to take part in conflict with useless and often detrimental contributions (θόρυβος), showing female inadequacy in the battle or, vice-versa, to fight with bravery and proficiency, but only at a price of a certain virilization. The Argos and Tegea affairs talk about women who personify very well male warlike virtues and, from the war area, because of contiguity, they go to play a central role in the field of sacrifice and cult. These wives and mothers, even if they become warriors, don’t abdicate their recognized function in the city and, in consequence, they raise issues regarding the proverbial female marginality in the Greek politic.Télésilla et Marpessa. Argos et Tégée. Deux leaders, deux poleis sauvées par des γυναῖκες guerrières, dont l’action efficace contre un ennemi extérieur est associée, à l’intérieur de la cité, à des rites marqués par des caractéristiques exceptionnelles. Ces deux traditions mettent en cause la fonction généralement attribuée aux femmes en situation de guerre : participer au conflit par des contributions inutiles, souvent nuisibles (θόρυβος), témoignant de la défaillance féminine à la bataille ou, à l’inverse, combattre avec courage et compétence, mais seulement au prix d’une certaine virilisation. Les histoires d’Argos et de Tégée mettent au contraire en scène des femmes incarnant positivement les vertus masculines de la guerre et qui, à partir de ce cadre, dans une forme de contiguïté narrative, se trouvent à exercer un rôle central sur le plan sacrificiel et/ou cultuel. Épouses et mères, tout en étant guerrières, ces femmes gardent leur fonction dans la cité et soulèvent ainsi des questions quant à la proverbiale marginalité du féminin par rapport au monde politique des Grecs

La guerra dentro e fuori: giochi di genere tra Argo e Tegea

Télésilla et Marpessa. Argos et Tégée. Deux leaders, deux poleis sauvées par des γυναῖκες guerrières, dont l’action efficace contre un ennemi extérieur est associée, à l’intérieur de la cité, à des rites marqués par des caractéristiques exceptionnelles. Ces deux traditions mettent en cause la fonction généralement attribuée aux femmes en situation de guerre : participer au conflit par des contributions inutiles, souvent nuisibles (θόρυβος), témoignant de la défaillance féminine à la bataille ou, à l’inverse, combattre avec courage et compétence, mais seulement au prix d’une certaine virilisation. Les histoires d’Argos et de Tégée mettent au contraire en scène des femmes incarnant positivement les vertus masculines de la guerre et qui, à partir de ce cadre, dans une forme de contiguïté narrative, se trouvent à exercer un rôle central sur le plan sacrificiel et/ou cultuel. Épouses et mères, tout en étant guerrières, ces femmes gardent leur fonction dans la cité et soulèvent ainsi des questions quant à la proverbiale marginalité du féminin par rapport au monde politique des Grecs.Telesilla and Marpessa. Argos and Tegea. Two leaders, two poleis, saved by warriors γυναῖκες. Their war action against external enemy is associated with some « strange » rites into the city. These two traditions call into question the function generally assigned to women in war : to take part in conflict with useless and often detrimental contributions (θόρυβος), showing female inadequacy in the battle or, vice-versa, to fight with bravery and proficiency, but only at a price of a certain virilization. The Argos and Tegea affairs talk about women who personify very well male warlike virtues and, from the war area, because of contiguity, they go to play a central role in the field of sacrifice and cult. These wives and mothers, even if they become warriors, don’t abdicate their recognized function in the city and, in consequence, they raise issues regarding the proverbial female marginality in the Greek politic

La guerra dentro e fuori: giochi di genere tra Argo e Tegea

Telesilla e Marpessa. Argo e Tegea. Due leader, due poleis, salvate da gynaikes guerriere, la cui azione origina un rito “anomalo” all’interno della città. Nelle tradizioni analizzate, all’irruzione del femminile sulla scena maschile del conflitto, agito contro un nemico esterno alla città, corrisponde, all’interno di questa, uno stravolgimento delle normali attribuzioni e funzioni di genere. Tali dinamiche di rovesciamento e ribaltamento all’interno della polis vengono valorizzate e problematizzate da un’analisi condotta seconda una prospettiva di genere

Cloning and expression analysis of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) major lignin and cellulose biosynthesis gene sequences and polymer quantification during plant development

In order to apply state-of-the-art molecular breeding techniques in fibre crop it is necessary to have a good knowledge of major polymer biosynthesis gene sequences and their expression pattern. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to isolate sequences of the major genes for lignin and cellulose biosynthesis in a kenaf cultivar. CeSA, 4cl, c4h, cad, and ccr gene primers were designed according to their conservative regions; partial sequences of lignin and cellulose biosynthesis genes were obtained. One actin II gene sequence was also isolated from the kenaf genome as a housekeeping gene to be employed in qPCR analysis. Expression levels of genes c4h, cad and CeSA in bark and core from plants harvested at three different growth stages were evaluated. Using qPCR analyses it was found that the expression levels of the two biosynthesis lignin genes in bark tissues increased during plant growth, while a negative trend was recorded in core tissues. In both bark and core, the quantity of lignin was positively correlated to plant growth while cellulose content decreased

Colonization of Solanum melongena and Vitis vinifera Plants by Botrytis cinerea Is Strongly Reduced by the Exogenous Application of Tomato Systemin

Plant defense peptides are able to control immune barriers and represent a potential novel resource for crop protection. One of the best-characterized plant peptides is tomato Systemin (Sys) an octadecapeptide synthesized as part of a larger precursor protein. Upon pest attack, Sys interacts with a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase, systemin receptor SYR, activating a complex intracellular signaling pathway that leads to the wound response. Here, we demonstrated, for the first time, that the direct delivery of the peptide to Solanum melongena and Vitis vinifera plants protects from the agent of Grey mould (Botrytis cinerea). The observed disease tolerance is associated with the increase of total soluble phenolic content, the activation of antioxidant enzymes, and the up-regulation of defense-related genes in plants treated with the peptide. Our results suggest that in treated plants, the biotic defense system is triggered by the Sys signaling pathway as a consequence of Sys interaction with a SYR-like receptor recently found in several plant species, including those under investigation. We propose that this biotechnological use of Sys, promoting defense responses against invaders, represents a useful tool to integrate into pest management programs for the development of novel strategies of crop protection

Des femmes en action

Diriger un chœur, faire du commerce, décider, conseiller ou faire la guerre sont autant de pratiques qui ne sont pas réservées aux hommes : la reconnaissance des qualités et des compétences qui permettent d'assumer de façon efficace une fonction suit des logiques propres aux différents contextes et dépasse une simple opposition entre femmes et hommes grecs. Par la pratique d'une anthropologie du genre, l'ouvrage offre une lecture renouvelée de ces contextes sociaux, économiques et politiques

NOT ONLY SYSTEMIN: PROSYSTEMIN HARBOURS OTHER ACTIVE REGIONS ABLE TO PROTECT TOMATO PLANTS

Prosystemin is a 200-amino acid precursor expressed in Solanaceae plants which releases at the C-terminal part a peptidic hormone called Systemin in response to wounding and herbivore attack. We recently showed that Prosystemin is not only a mere scaffold of Systemin but, even when deprived of Systemin, is biologically active. These results, combined with recent discoveries that Prosystemin is an intrinsically disordered protein containing disordered regions within its sequence, prompted us to investigate the N-terminal portions of the precursor, which contribute to the greatest disorder within the sequence. To this aim, PS1-70 and PS1-120 were designed, produced, and structurally and functionally characterized. Both the fragments, which maintained their intrinsic disorder, were able to induce defense-related genes and to protect tomato plants against Botrytis cinerea and Spodoptera littoralis larvae. Intriguingly, the biological activity of each of the two N-terminal fragments and of Systemin is similar but not quite the same and does not show any toxicity on experimental non-targets considered. These regions account for different anti-stress activities conferred to tomato plants by their overexpression. The two N-terminal fragments identified in this study may represent new promising tools for sustainable crop protection