21,539 research outputs found
Properties of nano-graphite ribbons with zigzag edges -- Difference between odd and even legs --
Persistent currents and transport properties are investigated for the
nano-graphite ribbons with zigzag shaped edges with paying attention to system
length dependence. It is found that both the persistent current in the
isolated ring and the conductance of the system connected to the perfect leads
show the remarkable dependences. In addition, the dependences for the
systems with odd legs and those with even legs are different from each other.
On the persistent current, the amplitude for the cases with odd legs shows
power-low behavior as with being the number of legs, whereas the
maximum of it decreases exponentially for the cases with even legs. The
conductance per one spin normalized by behaves as follows. In the even
legs cases, it decays as , whereas it reaches to unity for in the odd legs cases. Thus, the material is shown to have a remarkable
property that there is the qualitative difference between the systems with odd
legs and those with even legs even in the absence of the electron-electron
interaction.Comment: 4 pagaes, 8 figures, LT25 conference proceeding, accepted for
publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Serie
Modeling near-field tsunami observations to improve finite-fault slip models for the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake
The massive tsunami generated by the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake (M_w 9.0) was widely recorded by GPS buoys, wave gauges, and ocean bottom pressure sensors around the source. Numerous inversions for finite-fault slip time histories have been performed using seismic and/or geodetic observations, yielding generally consistent patterns of large co-seismic slip offshore near the hypocenter and/or up-dip near the trench, where estimated peak slip is ~60 m. Modeling the tsunami generation and near-field wave processes using two detailed rupture models obtained from either teleseismic P waves or high-rate GPS recordings in Japan allows evaluation of how well the finite-fault models account for the regional tsunami data. By determining sensitivity of the tsunami calculations to rupture model features, we determine model modifications that improve the fit to the diverse tsunami data while retaining the fit to the seismic and geodetic observations
Feynman-Jackson integrals
We introduce perturbative Feynman integrals in the context of q-calculus
generalizing the Gaussian q-integrals introduced by Diaz and Teruel. We provide
analytic as well as combinatorial interpretations for the Feynman-Jackson
integrals.Comment: Final versio
A model for the formation of the active region corona driven by magnetic flux emergence
We present the first model that couples the formation of the corona of a
solar active region to a model of the emergence of a sunspot pair. This allows
us to study when, where, and why active region loops form, and how they evolve.
We use a 3D radiation MHD simulation of the emergence of an active region
through the upper convection zone and the photosphere as a lower boundary for a
3D MHD coronal model. The latter accounts for the braiding of the magnetic
fieldlines, which induces currents in the corona heating up the plasma. We
synthesize the coronal emission for a direct comparison to observations.
Starting with a basically field-free atmosphere we follow the filling of the
corona with magnetic field and plasma. Numerous individually identifiable hot
coronal loops form, and reach temperatures well above 1 MK with densities
comparable to observations. The footpoints of these loops are found where small
patches of magnetic flux concentrations move into the sunspots. The loop
formation is triggered by an increase of upwards-directed Poynting flux at
their footpoints in the photosphere. In the synthesized EUV emission these
loops develop within a few minutes. The first EUV loop appears as a thin tube,
then rises and expands significantly in the horizontal direction. Later, the
spatially inhomogeneous heat input leads to a fragmented system of multiple
loops or strands in a growing envelope.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted to publication in A&
Magnetic Jam in the Corona of the Sun
The outer solar atmosphere, the corona, contains plasma at temperatures of
more than a million K, more than 100 times hotter that solar surface. How this
gas is heated is a fundamental question tightly interwoven with the structure
of the magnetic field in the upper atmosphere. Conducting numerical experiments
based on magnetohydrodynamics we account for both the evolving
three-dimensional structure of the atmosphere and the complex interaction of
magnetic field and plasma. Together this defines the formation and evolution of
coronal loops, the basic building block prominently seen in X-rays and extreme
ultraviolet (EUV) images. The structures seen as coronal loops in the EUV can
evolve quite differently from the magnetic field. While the magnetic field
continuously expands as new magnetic flux emerges through the solar surface,
the plasma gets heated on successively emerging fieldlines creating an EUV loop
that remains roughly at the same place. For each snapshot the EUV images
outline the magnetic field, but in contrast to the traditional view, the
temporal evolution of the magnetic field and the EUV loops can be different.
Through this we show that the thermal and the magnetic evolution in the outer
atmosphere of a cool star has to be treated together, and cannot be simply
separated as done mostly so far.Comment: Final version published online on 27 April 2015, Nature Physics 12
pages and 8 figure
Thermal stability of titanium nitride for shallow junction solar cell contacts
To demonstrate the thermal stability of titanium nitride as a high-temperature diffusion barrier, the TiN-Ti-Ag metallization scheme has been tested on shallow-junction (~2000 Ă
) Si solar cells. Electrical measurements on reference samples with the Ti-Ag metallization scheme show serious degradation after a 600 °C, 10-min annealing. With the TiN-Ti-Ag scheme, no degradation of cell performance is observed after the same heat treatment if the TiN layer is >~1700 Ă
. The glass encapsulation of cells by electrostatic bonding requires such a heat treatment
Confocal microscopic analysis of optical crosstalk in GaN micro-pixel light-emitting diodes
© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. The optical crosstalk phenomenon in GaN micro-pixel light-emitting diodes (LED) has been investigated by confocal microscopy. Depth-resolved confocal emission images indicate light channeling along the GaN and sapphire layers as the source of crosstalk. Thin-film micro-pixel devices are proposed, whereby the light-trapping sapphire layers are removed by laser lift-off. Optical crosstalk is significantly reduced but not eliminated due to the remaining GaN layer. Another design involving micro-pixels which are completely isolated is further proposed; such devices exhibited low-noise and enhanced optical performances, which are important attributes for high-density micro-pixel LED applications including micro-displays and multi-channel optical communications.published_or_final_versio
Characteristic Potentials for Mesoscopic Rings Threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm Flux
Electro-static potentials for samples with the topology of a ring and
penetrated by an Aharonov-Bohm flux are discussed. The sensitivity of the
electron-density distribution to small variations in the flux generates an
effective electro-static potential which is itself a periodic function of flux.
We investigate a simple model in which the flux sensitive potential leads to a
persistent current which is enhanced compared to that of a loop of
non-interacting electrons. For sample geometries with contacts the sensitivity
of the electro-static potential to flux leads to a flux-induced capacitance.
This capacitance gives the variation in charge due to an increment in flux. The
flux-induced capacitance is contrasted with the electro-chemical capacitance
which gives the variation in charge due to an increment in an electro-chemical
potential. The discussion is formulated in terms of characteristic functions
which give the variation of the electro-static potential in the interior of the
conductor due to an increment in the external control parameters (flux,
electro-chemical potentials). Paper submitted to the 16th Nordic Semiconductor
Meeting, Laugarvatan, Iceland, June 12-15, 1994. The proceedings will be
published in Physica Scripta.Comment: 23 pages + 4 figures, revtex, IBM-RC1955
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