Restaurantes self-service: segurança e qualidade sanitária dos alimentos servidos Self-service restaurants: food safety and sanitary quality

OBJETIVO: Esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a temperatura e a qualidade sanitária de alimentos servidos nos balcões de distribuição em restaurantes self-service no município de Taubaté (SP), com vistas à discussão da segurança alimentar. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas quatro amostras, sendo dois alimentos quentes e dois alimentos frios de 16 restaurantes; antes da coleta mediu-se a temperatura dos alimentos expostos nos balcões de distribuição. As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos seguintes parâmetros: contagem de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, determinação de coliformes a 35ºC e a 45ºC, contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e detecção de Salmonella. RESULTADOS: Cinquenta e seis (87,5%) alimentos estavam em temperaturas inadequadas, alimentos frios expostos em temperaturas acima de 10ºC e alimentos quentes abaixo de 60ºC. Bactérias aeróbias mesófilas em contagem acima de 10(6) UFC/g foram detectadas em 11% das amostras e coliformes a 35ºC e coliformes a 45ºC foram detectadas em 76,6% e 43,7% das amostras, respectivamente. Dois alimentos, sendo um frio e um quente, provenientes de um mesmo restaurante, apresentaram contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positivo acima de 10(4) UFC/g. Todas as amostras apresentaram ausência de Salmonella. CONCLUSÃO: A manutenção dos alimentos servidos, nos balcões de distribuição, em temperaturas abusivas e a presença de microrganismos indicadores de qualidade sanitária em número elevado comprometem a segurança e podem colocar em risco a saúde dos consumidores, em restaurantes self-service. Os instrumentos utilizados demonstraram-se como ferramentas importantes de avaliação da segurança das refeições servidas.<br>OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to assess the temperature and sanitary quality of the foods available on the buffet table of self-service restaurants located in the city of Taubaté (SP), in order to discuss food safety. METHODS: Four samples, two of cold dishes and two of hot dishes, were collected from each of 16 restaurants. The temperature of the foods on the buffet table was measured before the sample was taken. The following parameters were investigated for each sample: aerobic mesophilic bacteria count, determination of coliforms at 35ºC and 45ºC, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus count and presence of Salmonella. RESULTS: The temperature of 56 (87.5%) foods was inadequate: cold dishes were kept above 10ºC and hot dishes were kept below 60ºC. Aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts above 10(6) CFU/g were detected in 11% of the samples, coliforms at 35ºC in 76.6% and coliforms at 45ºC in 43.7%. Two foods, one cold and one hot, both from the same restaurant, had a coagulase-positive Staphylococcus count above 10(4) CFU/g. Salmonella was not found in any of the samples. CONCLUSION: Keeping the foods available on buffet tables under incorrect temperatures and a high count of microorganisms that indicate poor sanitary quality of the food can compromise safety and jeopardize the customer's health. The instruments used in this study proved to be important tools for assessing food safety

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fecal Contamination and Inadequate Treatment of Packaged Water

<div><p>Background</p><p>Packaged water products provide an increasingly important source of water for consumption. However, recent studies raise concerns over their safety.</p><p>Objectives</p><p>To assess the microbial safety of packaged water, examine differences between regions, country incomes, packaged water types, and compare packaged water with other water sources.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Articles published in English, French, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish, with no date restrictions were identified from online databases and two previous reviews. Studies published before April 2014 that assessed packaged water for the presence of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, thermotolerant or total coliforms were included provided they tested at least ten samples or brands.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 170 studies were included in the review. The majority of studies did not detect fecal indicator bacteria in packaged water (78/141). Compared to packaged water from upper-middle and high-income countries, packaged water from low and lower-middle-income countries was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.6–8.1) and 13.6 (95% CI: 6.9–26.7) times more likely to contain fecal indicator bacteria and total coliforms, respectively. Compared to all other packaged water types, water from small bottles was less likely to be contaminated with fecal indicator bacteria (OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.17–0.58) and total coliforms (OR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.22). Packaged water was less likely to contain fecal indicator bacteria (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20, 0.62) compared to other water sources used for consumption.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Policymakers and regulators should recognize the potential benefits of packaged water in providing safer water for consumption at and away from home, especially for those who are otherwise unlikely to gain access to a reliable, safe water supply in the near future. To improve the quality of packaged water products they should be integrated into regulatory and monitoring frameworks.</p></div