Evaluación de la inmunogenicidad de una proteína recombinante de una Pasteurella multocida aislada de alpacas con neumonía

The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro immunogenic activity of a recombinant P6-like protein from a culture of Pasteurella multocida isolated from pneumonia cases in young alpacas. Blood peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were challenged with a recombinant P6-like protein at a concentration of 10 ng per sample, from 3 to 72 hours. Total RNA was extracted to perform the real-time RT-PCR test to observe cytokine expression levels of the Th1 immune response (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-10 and IL-4) in the established times. Both Th1 and Th2 profile cytokines expressed a greater number of times than PBMC not exposed to the recombinant protein, where at 24 and 48 hours showed the greater expressions. Likewise, an apparent trend toward the Th2 profile was found, but at levels that did not influence the expression of cytokines in the other profile.El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la actividad inmunogénica in vitro de una proteína P6-like recombinante procedente de un cultivo de Pasteurella multocida aislada de cuadros de neumonía en crías de alpacas. Se desafiaron cultivos de células mononucleares periféricas sanguíneas (PBMC) con una proteína recombinante P6-like a una concentración de 10 ng por muestra, desde las 3 hasta las 72 horas. Se extrajo ARN totales para realizar la prueba de RT-PCR en tiempo real para observar los niveles de expresión de citoquinas de la respuesta inmune Th1 (TNF-á, IFN-g e IL-2) y Th2 (IL-10 e IL-4) en los tiempos establecidos. Se encontró que tanto las citoquinas con perfil Th1 como Th2 expresan un mayor número de veces con respecto a PBMC no expuestos a la proteína recombinante, siendo las 24 y 48 horas los momentos de mayor expresión. Asimismo, se encontró una aparente tendencia hacia el perfil Th2, pero en niveles que no influyen en la expresión de citoquinas del otro perfil

Identificación de Salmonella Enteritidis y Salmonella Typhimurium en Cuyes mediante la Técnica de PCR Múltiple

The aim of this study was to identify by mutiplex PCR-based assays the possible presence of serovars Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis in 25 strains of Samonella spp that were previously isolated from guinea pigs and identified by their metabolic characteristics. The molecular analysis identified all 25 strains as Salmonella Typhimurium, evidencing the primer amplification of genes invA and fliC of Salmonella spp and Salmonella Typhimurium, respectively. This study established a rapid methodology for molecular identification of Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis isolated from guinea pigs.El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar mediante PCR múltiple la posible existencia de los serovares Salmonella Typhimurium y Enteritidis en 25 cepas de Salmonella spp previamente aisladas de cuyes e identificadas por sus características metabólicas. Mediante el análisis molecular se identificaron todas las cepas como Salmonella Typhimurium, evidenciando la amplificación de los cebadores específicos para los genes invA y fliC pertenecientes al género Salmonella y Salmonella Typhimurium, respectivamente. El presente estudio permitió establecer una metodología rápida para la identificación molecular de Salmonella Typhimurium y Enteritidis aislados de cuyes

The multifaceted genomic history of Ashaninka from Amazonian Peru

Despite its crucial location, the western side of Amazonia between the Andes and the source(s) of the Amazon River is still understudied from a genomic and archaeogenomic point of view, albeit possibly harboring essential information to clarify the complex genetic history of local Indigenous groups and their interactions with nearby regions,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 including central America and the Caribbean.9,10,11,12 Focusing on this key region, we analyzed the genome-wide profiles of 51 Ashaninka individuals from Amazonian Peru, observing an unexpected extent of genomic variation. We identified at least two Ashaninka subgroups with distinctive genomic makeups, which were differentially shaped by the degree and timing of external admixtures, especially with the Indigenous groups from the Andes and the Pacific coast. On a continental scale, Ashaninka ancestors probably derived from a south-north migration of Indigenous groups moving into the Amazonian rainforest from a southeastern area with contributions from the Southern Cone and the Atlantic coast. These ancestral populations diversified in the variegated geographic regions of interior South America, on the eastern side of the Andes, differentially interacting with surrounding coastal groups. In this complex scenario, we also revealed strict connections between the ancestors of present-day Ashaninka, who belong to the Arawakan language family,13 and those Indigenous groups that moved further north into the Caribbean, contributing to the early Ceramic (Saladoid) tradition in the islands.14,1