Heterotic Action in SUGRA-SYM Background

We consider the generalization of the heterotic action considered by Cherkis and Schwarz where the chiral bosons are introduced in a manifestly covariant way using an auxiliary field. In particular, we construct the kappa-symmetric heterotic action in ten-dimensional supergravity background coupled to super Yang-Mills theory and prove its kappa-symmetry. The usual Bianchi identity of Type I supergravity with super Yang-Mills dH_3= -\tr F\wedge F is crucially used. For technical reason, the Yang-Mills field is restricted to be abelian.Comment: 12 pages, no figures, added comments in the acknowledgmen

One-loop Noncommutative U(1) Gauge Theory from Bosonic Worldline Approach

We develop a method to compute the one-loop effective action of noncommutative U(1) gauge theory based on the bosonic worldline formalism, and derive compact expressions for N-point 1PI amplitudes. The method, resembling perturbative string computations, shows that open Wilson lines emerge as a gauge invariant completion of certain terms in the effective action. The terms involving open Wilson lines are of the form reminiscent of closed string exchanges between the states living on the two boundaries of a cylinder. They are also consistent with recent matrix theory analysis and the results from noncommutative scalar field theories with cubic interactions.Comment: 1+35 pages, Latex, address info adde

Gauge Symmetry Enhancement and Radiatively Induced Mass in the Large N Nonlinear Sigma Model

We consider a hybrid of nonlinear sigma models in which two complex projective spaces are coupled with each other under a duality. We study the large N effective action in 1+1 dimensions. We find that some of the dynamically generated gauge bosons acquire radiatively induced masses which, however, vanish along the self-dual points where the two couplings characterizing each complex projective space coincide. These points correspond to the target space of the Grassmann manifold along which the gauge symmetry is enhanced, and the theory favors the non-Abelian ultraviolet fixed point.Comment: 11 pages, REVTEX, typos are corrected, version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Chiral primary cubic interactions from pp-wave supergravity

We explicitly construct cubic interaction light-cone Hamiltonian for the chiral primary system involving the metric fields and the self-dual four-form fields in the IIB pp-wave supergravity. The background fields representing pp-waves exhibit SO(4)*SO(4)*Z_2 invariance. It turns out that the interaction Hamiltonian is precisely the same as that for the dilaton-axion system, except for the fact that the chiral primary system fields have the opposite parity to that of the dilaton-axion fields under the Z_2 transformation that exchanges two SO(4)'s.Comment: 14 pages, A few comments are adde

Duality and Enhanced Gauge Symmetry in 2+1 Dimensions

We investigate the enlarged CP(N) model in 2+1 dimensions. This is a hybrid of two CP(N) models coupled with each other in a dual symmetric fashion, and it exhibits the gauge symmetry enhancement and radiative induction of the finite off-diagonal gauge boson mass as in the 1+1 dimensional case. We solve the mass gap equations and study the fixed point structure in the large-N limit. We find an interacting ultraviolet fixed point which is in contrast with the 1+1 dimensional case. We also compute the large-N effective gauge action explicitly.Comment: 26 pags, latex, 5 .eps figures, typos corrected. To appear in J. Phys.

D-instanton derivation of multi-fermion F-terms in supersymmetric QCD

We investigate effects of field theory instantons by considering D-instantons in a suitable D3-brane background. In supersymmetric QCD with SU(N_c) gauge group with N_f=N_c flavors, the moduli space of vacua is deformed by instantons. This effect can be described by the chiral interactions which are called multi-fermion F-terms. We derive these chiral interaction terms as D-instanton effects in the presence of D3-branes. For SU(2), the obtained result agrees with the previous result worked out by Beasley and Witten [hep-th/0409149]. We also explicitly work out those for the case of the symplectic gauge group, and show that they describe the deformation of the moduli space.Comment: 25 page

AP-1-Targeting Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Persicaria chinensis

In traditional Chinese medicine, Persicaria chinensis L. has been prescribed to cure numerous inflammatory disorders. We previously analyzed the bioactivity of the methanol extract of this plant (Pc-ME) against LPS-induced NO and PGE2 in RAW264.7 macrophages and found that it prevented HCl/EtOH-induced gastric ulcers in mice. The purpose of the current study was to explore the molecular mechanism by which Pc-ME inhibits activator protein- (AP-) 1 activation pathway and mediates its hepatoprotective activity. To investigate the putative therapeutic properties of Pc-ME against AP-1-mediated inflammation and hepatotoxicity, lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW264.7 and U937 cells, a monocyte-like human cell line, and an LPS/D-galactosamine- (D-GalN-) induced acute hepatitis mouse model were employed. The expression of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly diminished by Pc-ME. Moreover, Pc-ME reduced AP-1 activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in both LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and differentiated U937 cells. Additionally, we highlighted the hepatoprotective and curative effects of Pc-ME pretreated orally in a mouse model of LPS/D-GalN-intoxicated acute liver injury by demonstrating the significant reduction in elevated serum AST and ALT levels and histological damage. Therefore, these results strongly suggest that Pc-ME could function as an antihepatitis remedy suppressing MAPK/AP-1-mediated inflammatory events

ELECTRONIC SEALED-BID AUCTION WITH THE EFFICIENT COMMUNICATION COMPLEXITY USING TOURNAMENT OPENING-METHOD

Recently, an electronic sealed-bid auction using cryptography techniques has been proposed. An electronic sealed-bid auction is a type of electronic auctions. The aim of an auction including an electronic sealed-bid auction is to decide the price of goods fairly. So, the decision method of the price on goods in an electronic auction is very important scheme. In this paper, we propose the electronic sealed-bid auction with efficient communication complexity using a tournament opening-method. A tournament game method is used to decide the winner in sports game. We apply a tournament game to the decision of the winning price. That is, an auctioneer plays a role as a referee, and the bidding price takes part in a tournament game. In our scheme, a tournament opening-method plays a role as mix-net anonymous channel. Our e-auction scheme can keep anonymity and security of all bidders including the winner, and get more efficient communication complexity than other schemes [OM00][AS02-2]

Synthesis of dithioacetals via gold-catalysed hydrothiolation of vinyl sulfides

The synthesis of unsymmetrical dithioacetals based on gold catalysis is described. Although many approaches to the preparation of symmetrical dithioacetals have been developed, the methods to access unsymmetrical ones remain limited. In this regard, we report a mild synthetic method with a broad substrate scope. Screening of various gold catalysts identified a catalyst, which allows the hydrothiolation of both activated and unactivated vinyl sulfides with high efficiency. Moreover, the reaction displays broad compatibility for both aryl and aliphatic thiols