1,842 research outputs found
Book Review: Industrial Policy and Development: The Political Economy of Capabilities Accumulation, by Cimoli, M., Dosi, G. and Stiglitz, J.E., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009; pp. xix, 575.
- book review
DISCOVERING THE TRUTH OF COVID 19 AND OTHER CONTAGIOUS DISEASES BY APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF CHANGES AND THE THEORY OF YIN YANG
The current pandemic COVID-19 continues to spread rapidly around the world. Many countries are still at the peak of infection. The prolonged lockdown has caused a serious impact on the socio-economy of the whole world. There is a growing concern about the link between animal's based food product with all the contagious diseases as most of the pandemic are initiated from farming animals. The micro study of the virus or bacteria could trace the infectious pathway of the contagious diseases and find substantial problem-solving solutions. Nevertheless, the root cause of the diseases remained unknown. Because of this, it is essential to evaluate the root cause of the disease in the macro-scope of study. By discovering the designated function of all the microorganisms from the insight perspective of the Theory of Changes and other Taoism theories, we could define the effective problem-solving solution. The result of the finding has discovered that the microorganisms which bring the so called “contagious diseases” are the cure for Mother Nature to resume its equilibrium. They are the agents of decomposition and transformation of Mother Nature. Coronavirus, other viruses, and bacteria are the essential microorganisms being created by nature to decompose the excessive animals’ dead bodies that awash in the environment into smaller particles or subtracts, transforming them into useful nutrients to be absorbed and restored by Mother earth. After identifying the deadly microorganism as the cure for Mother Nature and recognizing the harm that we have done to Mother Nature, we could find out the root cause of the problem and solve the problem fundamentally
Systematic conservation planning in marine environments: sensitivities of the planning framework to aspects of scale
Problems of scale abound in the science, governance, and conservation planning of complex social-ecological systems. In systematic conservation planning processes, which aim to effectively and efficiently allocate conservation interventions in space and time, nearly half of the stages in the planning framework involve decisions directly related to scale. The implications of scale-related problems are still poorly understood by conservation planners and researchers, as well as approaches to deal with these problems and integrate explicit multiscale thinking into the planning process. Thus, the overall goal of this thesis is to improve understanding of the different influences of scale on conservation planning outcomes, with the ultimate goal of making specific recommendations to improve the conservation planning framework to deal with scale more explicitly. As such, the structure of this thesis mirrors the relevant stages in the planning framework that involve scale-explicit decisions, organized by the two groups of scale considerations: technical versus practical.
The first research objective of my thesis seeks to understand the extent to which technical aspects of setting spatial priorities for marine conservation ('spatial prioritisations') influence where priorities are determined, and how this relates to conservation strategies that rely on broad, coarse-resolution prioritisations to guide the locations of finer-resolution priorities are actions. I address this objective in Chapter 2 by quantifying the individual and interacting effects of three prioritisation factors on spatial priorities for marine conservation: (1) planning-unit size, (2) thematic resolution of coral reef classes, and (3) spatial variability of socioeconomic costs. I used Fiji and Micronesia as case studies and found that all three factors influenced spatial priorities to different extents, with the spatial variability of socioeconomic costs having the largest influence, followed by planning-unit size and thematic resolution of reef classes. Furthermore, I identified an interaction effect between the thematic resolution of reef classes and the socioeconomic cost data used. These findings have important implications for the strategy of relying on coarse-resolution prioritisations to guide finer-resolution assessments and invalidate a number of implicit assumptions that are made when adopting such strategy.
Progressing to practical considerations of scale, my second research objective seeks to investigate the implications of another strategy commonly assumed or proposed to overcome scale mismatches between regional and local perspectives: dynamically iterating between regionalextent planning and locally applied actions ('iterative planning'), as conservation plans are incrementally implemented across a region. To address this objective in Chapter 3, I specifically explore how frequently regional priorities should be updated as local actions are gradually implemented. Using Fiji as a case study region, I found that changes in the frequency of updating regional priorities did not influence the total time taken to achieve conservation objectives, or the total extent of final reserve systems. However, I did identify two potential benefits to updating priorities more frequently: faster achievement of objectives for high-priority features, and greater potential to capitalise on areas that have previously had conservation efforts applied. This work provides insights into trade-offs to consider regarding the frequency of updating regional conservation assessments, which vary depending on specific planning contexts.
My third research objective seeks to determine if there is an optimal scale at which to conduct conservation planning, as a precursor to understanding how best to integrate planning across multiple scales ('multiscale conservation planning'). I address this in Chapter 4 by elucidating the respective strengths and weaknesses of conservation plans developed at different jurisdictional levels in the Coral Triangle region (e.g., local, national) to adequately consider multiple social and ecological scales. I found that no plans I assessed were able to adequately address all social and ecological scales, and that plans generally best addressed social and ecological components representative of the same level at which the plan was developed. This research adds nuanced appreciation of the limitations of lower- versus higher-level conservation planning. While these respective limitations are understood as the general inability to consider components at other scales, I demonstrate that these limitations can be attributed to differences in technical versus conceptual abilities. My findings demonstrate the necessity for vertical integration between planning levels as a means to overcome their respective limitations.
The fourth and final research objective of my thesis seeks to investigate the concept of multiscale conservation planning. It is overwhelmingly evident that the consideration and understanding of any social and ecological system must consider multiple scales explicitly. Thus, my thesis culminates in Chapter 5 with a theoretical and empirical examination of what it might mean to conduct multiscale conservation planning, a critical frontier in this field. Using Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands as case studies, I provide empirical evidence that refutes the conventional notion that conservation planning across multiple scales occurs unidirectionally ('scaling up' versus 'scaling down') and present a novel archetype that more realistically reflects multiscale planning in practice: 'multidirectional scaling'. I also evaluate factors that impeded or facilitated successful outcomes across multiple scales and reveal six scale-explicit characteristics for effective multiscale planning, the first two of which are novel concepts to the literature: (1) multiscale understanding, (2) scale jumping, (3) leadership characteristics, (4) stakeholder engagement, (5) policy frameworks, and (6) institutional settings. I propose these six characteristics constitute a new form of conservation capital, 'scalar capital', as a necessary resource or investment for successful outcomes across multiple scales.
My thesis contributes nuanced understanding of the sensitivities of the conservation planning framework to aspects of scale, in both theory and practice. I offer specific recommendations for each of the relevant stages in the conservation planning framework that involve scale-explicit concerns and illuminate some implications of existing problems and influences of scale. Essentially, it is the aim of my thesis to conduct research that can enable conservation practitioners to consider aspects of scale more explicitly and improve the efficacy of conservation planning outcomes. Conservation planning in practice must progress to view any system to manage and govern as inherently complex and multiscale; similarly, planning processes across multiple scales should adopt a 'planning system identity' (such as in complex systems) to correspond in design with the systems that they seek to manage
Fuzzy logic controlled SPMSM drives for long cable applications
In many industrial Variable Speed Drives (VSD) applications require that the Voltage
Source Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Inverter and the motor be at separate locations,
often resulting in long motor leads, high voltage oscillation at the motor terminal, increase
harmonics content and affect the overall motor speed performance. To our knowledge, a
detailed investigation of the impact of various cable lengths over speed response has not
been reported in the literature. Therefore, the research focuses on investigation and
evaluation of the performance of a Vector Controlled Sinusoidal Permanent Magnet
Synchronous Motor (SPMSM) drive, controlled by PI speed controller and FL speed
controller for different cable lengths conditions. Current control is performed in the
stationary reference frame, using hysteresis current controllers. The scope of research is
focusing on low speed operation based on simplified 9 rules Fuzzy Logic speed controller
and tested for tested 100 meter maximum cable lengths and 1.1kW SPMSM. The drive is
modeled, simulated and implemented using MATLAB, SIMULINK and FUZZY LOGIC
Toolboxes. The experimental study is carried out based on dSPACE hardware platform for
validating the simulation results. PI and Fuzzy Logic speed controllers are designed and
tuned to obtain the best performance with criteria less than 0.72% overshoot and ±0.1
steady state error are acceptable. All the controller parameters are fixed based on designed
case study for overall simulation and experimental studies. The overshoot/undershoot,
settling time and rise time of the speed response are used to evaluate the controller
performance. The simulation and experimental results have showed that the speed response
and load rejection are degraded due to variation in cable length and increase of motor
inertia. The proposed Fuzzy Logic has demonstrated better performance in term of step
speed command, load rejection capability and THD compare with the results obtained from
PI speed controller for different cable length conditions. The THD of the three-phase stator
current is increased when motor is connected with longer cable. Fuzzy Logic speed
controller shows better THD of stator currents as compare to PI speed controller where the
THD was remain constant even cable length was increasing. When switching frequency of
the Hysteresis PWM is increased, the stator currents will be closer to sinusoidal and
indirectly reduced the %THD of the drives. Study on variable speed drive performance
versus different cable length can be further investigated for medium and high motor speed
commands operation
BOLLOCKS!! Designing pervasive games that play with the social rules of built environments
We propose that pervasive games designed with mechanics that are specifically in
opposition with, or disruptive of, social rules of the environment in which they are played, have
unique potential to provide interesting, provocative experiences for players. We explore this
concept through the design and evaluation of an experimental game prototype, Shhh!, inspired
by the juvenile game Bollocks, and implemented on Android mobile devices, which challenges
players to make loud noises in libraries. Six participants played the game before engaging in
semi-structured interviews, explored through inductive thematic analysis. Results suggest that
the game provoked in players a heightened awareness of social rules, as well as a complex
social dilemma of whether or not to act. We conclude by presenting a model for designing
games that play with the social, as well as physical, rules of the environments in which they are
set
Feeling Communication : Social and Physical Interactive Communication and Entertainment
この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました
Rivals in Arms: Sino-U.S. Cooperation, Problems, and Solutions and Their Impact on the International UAV Industry
Research and development into drone technology has exploded in the United States in the recent decades. From the operation of killer drones in the military to agricultural survey drones in farms, the proliferation of drone technology is well on its way to radically altering the American future. However, there remains numerous laws, policies, and regulations that place stifling restrictions on drone development and operations in America. Halfway across the world, China has also begun to experience the drone revolution, but with its relatively laxer laws regarding both commercial and public drone operations and manufacturing, it seems poised to surpass the United States in not only drone R&D, but drone export as well. In recent years, China has expanded to become a prolific developer and no-questions-asked exporter of UAVs selling to a plethora of nations ranging from Saudi Arabia to Pakistan and Nigeria.\u27 Domestically, China has relied firmly on indigenous production and R&D since the 1980s to expand its UAV technologies, expanding its UAV industry to include a variety of defense firms as well as academic research groups.2 However, China\u27s drone program is not without its own issues and setbacks, forcing the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) to issue new drone regulations to be implemented on a trial basis. This paper will analyze and compare the two comprehensive UAV regulations-the stricter FAA regulations and the newer UAV regulations promulgated by the CAAC and explore the differences between the two regulatory policies (both commercial and military), their benefits and drawbacks, and attempt to present solutions as to how the CAAC and the FAA can help build an initial framework for other nations to follow
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