3,439 research outputs found
Revising inelastic dark matter direct detection by including the cosmic ray acceleration
The null signal from collider and dark matter (DM) direct detector
experiments makes the interaction between DM and visible matter too small to
reproduce the correct relic density for many thermal DM models. The remaining
parameter space indicates that two almost degenerated states in the dark
sector, the inelastic DM scenario, can co-annihilate in the early universe to
produce the correct relic density. Regarding the direct detection of the
inelastic DM scenario, the virialized DM component from the nearby halo is
nonrelativistic and not able to excite the DM ground state, even if the
relevant couplings can be considerable. Thus, a DM with a large mass splitting
can evade traditional virialized DM direct detection. In this study, we connect
the concept of cosmic-ray accelerated DM in our Milky Way and the direct
detection of inelastic scattering in underground detectors to explore spectra
that result from several interaction types of the inelastic DM. We find that
the mass splitting can still be reachable for
cosmic ray accelerated DM with mass range and sub-GeV light mediator using the latest PandaX-4T data, even though
we conservatively use the astrophysical parameter (effective length) kpc.Comment: 38 pages, 12 figures, JHEP accepted versio
Skeletal Muscle Damage after Pitching Real Games in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Baseball pitchers are at risk for elbow and shoulder injuries. It is believed that many arm injuries in baseball pitchers result from cumulative microtrauma. The aim of this study was to investigate skeletal muscle damage after real games in Division I c
Intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy as adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion
AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as an adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients with serosal invasion.MethodsPatients who received radical surgery and palliative surgery between January 2002 and December 2010 were retrospectively examined. Patients were divided into two groups, namely, one group that underwent surgery and another group that underwent surgery with HIPEC. All patients who received HIPEC had suspected serosal invasion on an abdominal computed tomography or by the surgeon's assessment during the operation.ResultsThe prophylactic groups included 83 patients who underwent gastrectomy alone. A total of 29 patients underwent gastrectomy with HIPEC. The 5-year survival rates were 10.7% and 43.9%, respectively. The 5-year mean survival times were 22.66 (17.55–25.78) and 34.81 (24.97–44.66) months (p = 0.029), respectively. There were 52 patients who had a recurrence of carcinomatosis among 133 patients who had resections (52/133, 39.1%). The 3-year disease-free survival rate for carcinomatosis was 28.87% in the group that received surgery alone, whereas it was 66.03% in the group that received HIPEC. There was no significant difference in the rate of complication between the two groups in the prophylactic group (p = 0.542). Thus, curative surgery with HIPEC had a better prognosis for AGC with serosal invasion. The carcinomatosis recurrence time was longer in patients who underwent gastrectomy with HIPEC and received R0 resection.ConclusionThe survival benefit of HIPEC as an adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer patients with serosal invasion should be validated in a large cohort
Assessment of density functional approximations for the hemibonded structure of water dimer radical cation
Due to the severe self-interaction errors associated with some density
functional approximations, conventional density functionals often fail to
dissociate the hemibonded structure of water dimer radical cation (H2O)2+ into
the correct fragments: H2O and H2O+. Consequently, the binding energy of the
hemibonded structure (H2O)2+ is not well-defined. For a comprehensive
comparison of different functionals for this system, we propose three criteria:
(i) The binding energies, (ii) the relative energies between the conformers of
the water dimer radical cation, and (iii) the dissociation curves predicted by
different functionals. The long-range corrected (LC) double-hybrid functional,
omegaB97X-2(LP) [J.-D. Chai and M. Head-Gordon, J. Chem. Phys., 2009, 131,
174105.], is shown to perform reasonably well based on these three criteria.
Reasons that LC hybrid functionals generally work better than conventional
density functionals for hemibonded systems are also explained in this work.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 4 table
Morphological and Molecular Defects in Human Three-Dimensional Retinal Organoid Model of X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis
X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS), linked to mutations in the RS1 gene, is a degenerative retinopathy with a retinal splitting phenotype. We generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from patients to study XLRS in a 3D retinal organoid in vitro differentiation system. This model recapitulates key features of XLRS including retinal splitting, defective retinoschisin production, outer-segment defects, abnormal paxillin turnover, and impaired ER-Golgi transportation. RS1 mutation also affects the development of photoreceptor sensory cilia and results in altered expression of other retinopathy-associated genes. CRISPR/Cas9 correction of the disease-associated C625T mutation normalizes the splitting phenotype, outer-segment defects, paxillin dynamics, ciliary marker expression, and transcriptome profiles. Likewise, mutating RS1 in control hiPSCs produces the disease-associated phenotypes. Finally, we show that the C625T mutation can be repaired precisely and efficiently using a base-editing approach. Taken together, our data establish 3D organoids as a valid disease model
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