1,207 research outputs found
Nuclear-spin-induced localization of the edge states in two-dimensional topological insulators
We investigate the influence of nuclear spins on the resistance of helical
edge states of two-dimensional topological insulators (2DTIs). Via the
hyperfine interaction, nuclear spins allow electron backscattering, otherwise
forbidden by time reversal symmetry. We identify two backscattering mechanisms,
depending on whether the nuclear spins are ordered or not. Their temperature
dependence is distinct but both give resistance, which increases with the edge
length, decreasing temperature, and increasing strength of the
electron-electron interaction. Overall, we find that the nuclear spins will
typically shut down the conductance of the 2DTI edges at zero temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, revised version accepted for publication in Phys.
Rev.
Effects of nuclear spins on the transport properties of the edge of two-dimensional topological insulators
The electrons in the edge channels of two-dimensional topological insulators
can be described as a helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. They couple to nuclear
spins embedded in the host materials through the hyperfine interaction, and are
therefore subject to elastic spin-flip backscattering on the nuclear spins. We
investigate the nuclear-spin-induced edge resistance due to such backscattering
by performing a renormalization-group analysis. Remarkably, the effect of this
backscattering mechanism is stronger in a helical edge than in nonhelical
channels, which are believed to be present in the trivial regime of InAs/GaSb
quantum wells. In a system with sufficiently long edges, the disordered nuclear
spins lead to an edge resistance which grows exponentially upon lowering the
temperature. On the other hand, electrons from the edge states mediate an
anisotropic Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida nuclear spin-spin interaction, which
induces a spiral nuclear spin order below the transition temperature. We
discuss the features of the spiral order, as well as its experimental
signatures. In the ordered phase, we identify two backscattering mechanisms,
due to charge impurities and magnons. The backscattering on charge impurities
is allowed by the internally generated magnetic field, and leads to an
Anderson-type localization of the edge states. The magnon-mediated
backscattering results in a power-law resistance, which is suppressed at zero
temperature. Overall, we find that in a sufficiently long edge the nuclear
spins, whether ordered or not, suppress the edge conductance to zero as the
temperature approaches zero.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures; revised version accepted for publication in
Phys. Rev.
Topological density wave states of non-zero angular momentum
The pseudogap state of high temperature superconductors is a profound
mystery. It has tantalizing evidence of a number of broken symmetry states, not
necessarily conventional charge and spin density waves. Here we explore a class
of more exotic density wave states characterized by topological properties
observed in recently discovered topological insulators. We suggest that these
rich topological density wave states deserve closer attention in not only high
temperature superconductors but in other correlated electron states, as in
heavy fermions.Comment: Expanded version, 7 pages, 6 figure
Taiwanese High School Counselors\u27 Experiences in a Solution-Focused Supervision Training Program
General scatterings and electronic states in the quantum-wire network of moir\'e systems
We investigate electronic states in a two-dimensional network consisting of
interacting quantum wires, a model adopted for twisted bilayer systems. We
construct general operators which describe various scattering processes in the
system. In a twisted bilayer structure, the moir\'e periodicity allows for
generalized umklapp scatterings, leading to a class of correlated states at
certain fractional fillings. We identify scattering processes which can lead to
an insulating gapped bulk with gapless chiral edge modes at fractional
fillings, resembling the quantum anomalous Hall effect recently observed in
twisted bilayer graphene. Finally, the description can be useful in predicting
spectroscopic and transport features to detect and characterize the chiral edge
modes in the moir\'e-induced correlated states.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure
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