The effect of supportive care in preventing peri-implant diseases and implant loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of supportive treatment (SPT) during a maintenance period after implant placement on implant survival rate (SR) and incidence of peri-implant diseases.Material and methodsA systemic literature search for studies published up to June 2018 was conducted by two independent reviewers using Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central databases. Clinical controlled trials (CCT) involved in SPT protocol with more than 1-year follow-up were included. Quantitative meta-analyses were carried out to analyze the risk ratio (RR) of SR, the incidence of peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis between SPT and non-SPT groups. Any potential confounding factors were investigated using meta-regression.ResultsNine CCTs fulfilled the criteria. To evaluate the influence of SPT on SR, peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis, six of nine, three of nine, and three of nine articles were included in further meta-analysis, respectively. SPT group significantly showed higher SR (RR: 1.10; p < 0.001), lower prevalence of peri-implantitis (RR: 0.25; p < 0.001) and peri-implant mucositis (RR: 0.57; p < 0.001) than the non-SPT group. Meta-regression of the selected studies failed to find an association between SR, peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis and confounding factors: application of chemical agents and the frequency of SPT.ConclusionSPT can potentially improve peri-implant health in terms of SR, peri-implantitis, and peri-implant mucositis. Additionally, the correlation in recall interval and adjunctive use of chemical agents during SPT to peri-implant diseases and implant loss could not be found.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151300/1/clr13496.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151300/2/clr13496_am.pd

Influence of Laserâ Microtextured Surface Collar on Marginal Bone Loss and Periâ Implant Soft Tissue Response: A Systematic Review and Metaâ Analysis

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142176/1/jper0651-sup-0003.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142176/2/jper0651.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142176/3/jper0651-sup-0004.pd

Accuracy of flapless immediate implant placement in anterior maxilla using computerâ assisted versus freehand surgery: A cadaver study

ObjectiveTo compare the accuracy of computerâ guided surgery and freehand surgery on flapless immediate implant placement (IIP) in the anterior maxilla.Material and MethodsIn this splitâ mouth design, 24 maxillary incisors in eight human cadaver heads were randomly divided into two groups: computerâ guided surgery (n = 12) and freehand surgery (n = 12). Preoperatively, coneâ beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired, and all implants were planned with a software (Blue Sky Plan3). Then, two types of surgeries were performed. To assess any differences in position, the postoperative CBCT was subsequently matched with the preoperative planning. For all the implants, the angular, global, depth, buccoâ lingual, and mesioâ distal deviations between the virtual and actual implant positions were measured.ResultsA significant lower mean angular deviation (3.11 ± 1.55°, range: 0.66â 4.95, p = 0.002) and the global deviation at both coronal (0.85 ± 0.38 mm, range: 0.42â 1.51, p = 0.004) and apical levels (0.93 ± 0.34 mm, range: 0.64â 1.72, p < 0.001) were observed in the guided group when compared to the freehand group (6.78 ± 3.31°, range: 3.08â 14.98; 1.43 ± 0.49 mm, range: 0.65â 2.31, and 2.2 ± 0.79 mm, range: 1.01â 4.02). However, the accuracy of these two approaches was similar for the depth (p = 0.366). In the buccal direction, the mean deviations of both groups showed a general tendency of implants to be positioned facially, occurring more in implants of the freehand group.ConclusionIn flapless IIP, computerâ guided surgery showed superior accuracy than freehand surgery in transferring the implant position from the planning. However, even with the help of a guide, the final fixture position tends to shift toward a facial direction.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146997/1/clr13382_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146997/2/clr13382.pd

Biofuel trigeneration with energy storage for heating, cooling and power on farms

The drive towards net-zero carbon emissions has prompted many industries to alter the way they operate. The agriculture industry is responsible for a large proportion of the UK’s greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the feasibility of implementing an anaerobic digestion (AD) system supplying biogas to a trigeneration system with energy storage for the provision of heating, cooling and power has been investigated in the context of a medium-scale arable farm. Two configurations – one supplied with wheat straw only, and the other supplied with wheat straw, barley straw and manure – were identified to meet the energy demands of the farm. Technical feasibility was investigated via simulations run in ECLIPSE, with the two configurations returning overall system efficiencies of 66.8% and 67.1%, respectively. Economic analyses indicated simple payback periods of 9.4 and 11 years, which fall within the expected 20-year lifetime of the project. Furthermore, the potential reduction in CO2 emissions for each scenario was determined to be 42,764 kg and 43,956 kg per year

Registering Maxillomandibular Relation to Create a Virtual Patient Integrated with a Virtual Articulator for Complex Implant Rehabilitation: A Clinical Report

The virtual patient, a unique computer simulation of the patient’s face, teeth, oral mucosa, and bone, provides an extraordinary mechanism for digital dental implant surgery planning and prosthetic design. However, the seamless registration of digital scans with functional information in the context of a virtual articulator remains a challenge. This report describes the treatment of a 47- year- old male with full- mouth guided immediate implant placement and immediate loading of CAD/CAM interim prostheses. Utilizing a novel digital workflow, a multifactorial registration of the vertical dimension of occlusion, centric occlusion, and facebow record were completed digitally and paired within a digital articulator. Utilizing this innovative approach, a complex treatment plan and procedure was executed smoothly with a successful prosthetic outcome demonstrating good fit, occlusion, esthetics, and patient reported satisfaction.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156492/2/jopr13204.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156492/1/jopr13204_am.pd

Impact of timing on soft tissue augmentation during implant treatment: A systematic review and metaâ analysis

BackgroundTo achieve a predictable esthetic and functional outcome, soft tissue augmentation has become popular in implant treatment.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review and metaâ analysis was to assess the influence of different timing for soft tissue augmentation during implant treatment on soft tissue conditions and its stability.Material and methodsElectronic and manual searches for articles written in English up to September 2017 were performed by two independent reviewers. Human clinical studies with the purpose of evaluating outcomes (at least 3â month followâ up) of autogenous soft tissue graft for augmentation during implant treatment, either simultaneous or after implant placement (staged), were included. Cumulative changes of keratinized tissue width (KTW), soft tissue thickness (STT), and midâ buccal mucosal recession (MR) data were analyzed with a randomâ effects model to compare the postoperative outcomes.ResultsTwentyâ nine human studies (eight randomized clinical trials, six cohort studies, and 15 case series) that met the inclusion criteria were included. For the overall data, the weighted mean STT gain (1 year after surgery) was 1.03 mm (95% CI: 0.78â 1.29 mm), among which the simultaneous group was 1.12 mm (95% CI: 0.75â 1.49 mm) and staged group (3â 6 months after implant placement) was 0.95 mm (95% CI: 0.58â 1.31 mm). There was no statistically significant difference in KTW and MR between 3 months and more than 3 months after surgery.ConclusionsThis review revealed that the stability of soft tissue, in terms of KTW and midâ buccal MR, can be obtained 3 months after surgery. There is no difference between simultaneous and staged soft tissue augmentation during implant treatment, and both procedures significantly enhance KTW and STT.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144259/1/clr13148.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144259/2/clr13148_am.pd

Genome-wide variations in a natural isolate of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Background Increasing genetic and phenotypic differences found among natural isolates of C. elegans have encouraged researchers to explore the natural variation of this nematode species. Results Here we report on the identification of genomic differences between the reference strain N2 and the Hawaiian strain CB4856, one of the most genetically distant strains from N2. To identify both small- and large-scale genomic variations (GVs), we have sequenced the CB4856 genome using both Roche 454 (~400&nbsp;bps single reads) and Illumina GA DNA sequencing methods (101&nbsp;bps paired-end reads). Compared to previously described variants (available in WormBase), our effort uncovered twice as many single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and increased the number of small InDels almost 20-fold. Moreover, we identified and validated large insertions, most of which range from 150&nbsp;bps to 1.2&nbsp;kb in length in the CB4856 strain. Identified GVs had a widespread impact on protein-coding sequences, including 585 single-copy genes that have associated severe phenotypes of reduced viability in RNAi and genetics studies. Sixty of these genes are homologs of human genes associated with diseases. Furthermore, our work confirms previously identified GVs associated with differences in behavioural and biological traits between the N2 and CB4856 strains. Conclusions The identified GVs provide a rich resource for future studies that aim to explain the genetic basis for other trait differences between the N2 and CB4856 strains

S6K-STING interaction regulates cytosolic DNA-mediated activation of the transcription factor IRF3

Cytosolic DNA-mediated activation of the transcription factor IRF3 is a key event in host antiviral responses. Here we found that infection with DNA viruses induced interaction of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTOR downstream effector and kinase S6K1 and the signaling adaptor STING in a manner dependent on the DNA sensor cGAS. We further demonstrated that the kinase domain, but not the kinase function, of S6K1 was required for the S6K1-STING interaction and that the TBK1 critically promoted this process. The formation of a tripartite S6K1-STING-TBK1 complex was necessary for the activation of IRF3, and disruption of this signaling axis impaired the early-phase expression of IRF3 target genes and the induction of T cell responses and mucosal antiviral immunity. Thus, our results have uncovered a fundamental regulatory mechanism for the activation of IRF3 in the cytosolic DNA pathway

Precise Measurements of Branching Fractions for Ds+D_s^+ Meson Decays to Two Pseudoscalar Mesons

We measure the branching fractions for seven $D_{s}^{+}$ two-body decays to pseudo-scalar mesons, by analyzing data collected at $\sqrt{s}=4.178\sim4.226$ GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The branching fractions are determined to be $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K^+\eta^{\prime})=(2.68\pm0.17\pm0.17\pm0.08)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to\eta^{\prime}\pi^+)=(37.8\pm0.4\pm2.1\pm1.2)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K^+\eta)=(1.62\pm0.10\pm0.03\pm0.05)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to\eta\pi^+)=(17.41\pm0.18\pm0.27\pm0.54)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K^+K_S^0)=(15.02\pm0.10\pm0.27\pm0.47)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K_S^0\pi^+)=(1.109\pm0.034\pm0.023\pm0.035)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D_s^+\to K^+\pi^0)=(0.748\pm0.049\pm0.018\pm0.023)\times10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic, and the third are from external input branching fraction of the normalization mode $D_s^+\to K^+K^-\pi^+$. Precision of our measurements is significantly improved compared with that of the current world average values