192 research outputs found
Effects of low-molecular-weight heparin and unfractionated heparin on traumatic disseminated intravascular coagulation
Purpose: To explore the effects of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on traumatic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Methods: A total of 77 cases of severe trauma (APACHE II score: 5 – 10) with DIC were collected and randomly assigned to one of three groups: LMWH treatment - 26 cases were subcutaneously injected with LMWH (75–150 units/kg/d); UFH treatment - 25 cases were subcutaneously injected with UFH (100 – 250 units/kg/d); control - 26 cases supplemented with blood coagulation factor only. Daily mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU), hospitalization time, bleeding rate, thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and levels of fibrinogen, antithrombin III (ATIII), and D-dimer were recorded and analyzed.Results: In ICU, LMWH and UFH treatments resulted in lower mortality than in the control group. In addition, hospitalization time was longer in patients treated with LMWH and UFH than in control patients. No significant differences were found between LMWH-treated and control patients in terms of bleeding rate, but UFH-treated patients had lower bleeding rates than control patients. Multifactor analysis indicate a strong relationship between ATIII levels and bleeding rate.Conclusion: The results indicate that low-dose UFH and LMWH are effective options for the treatment of DIC.Keywords: Trauma, Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Unfractionated heparin, Low-molecularweight heparin, Fibrinogen, Antithrombi
B meson rare decays in the TNMSSM
We investigate the two loop electroweak corrections to B meson rare decays
and in the minimal
supersymmetry standard model (MSSM) extension with two triplets and one singlet
(TNMSSM). The new particle contents and interactions in the TNMSSM can affect
the theoretical predictions of the branching ratios and , and the corrections
from two loop diagrams to the process can reach
around . Considering the latest experimental measurements, the numerical
results of and in the TNMSSM are presented and analyzed. It
is found that the results in the TNMSSM can fit the updated experimental data
well and the new parameters affect the
theoretical predictions of and obviously
Neel tensor torque at the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface
Antiferromagnets (AFMs) exhibit spin arrangements with no net magnetization,
positioning them as promising candidates for spintronics applications. While
electrical manipulation of the single-crystal AFMs, composed of periodic spin
configurations, is achieved recently, it remains a daunting challenge to
characterize and to manipulate polycrystalline AFMs. Utilizing statistical
analysis in data science, we demonstrate that polycrystalline AFMs can be
described using a real, symmetric, positive semi-definite, rank-two tensor,
which we term the Neel tensor. This tensor introduces a unique spin torque,
diverging from the conventional field-like and Slonczewski torques in
spintronics devices. Remarkably, Neel tensors can be trained to retain a
specific orientation, functioning as a form of working memory. This attribute
enables zero-field spin-orbit-torque switching in trilayer devices featuring a
heavy-metal/ferromagnet/AFM structure and is also consistent with the X-ray
magnetic linear dichroism measurements. Our findings uncover hidden statistical
patterns in polycrystalline AFMs and establishes the presence of Neel tensor
torque, highlighting its potential to drive future spintronics innovations.Comment: main text 18 pages, supplementary information 10 page
High speed self-testing quantum random number generation without detection loophole
Quantum mechanics provides means of generating genuine randomness that is
impossible with deterministic classical processes. Remarkably, the
unpredictability of randomness can be certified in a self-testing manner that
is independent of implementation devices. Here, we present an experimental
demonstration of self-testing quantum random number generation based on an
detection-loophole free Bell test with entangled photons. In the randomness
analysis, without the assumption of independent identical distribution, we
consider the worst case scenario that the adversary launches the most powerful
attacks against quantum adversary. After considering statistical fluctuations
and applying an 80 Gb 45.6 Mb Toeplitz matrix hashing, we achieve a
final random bit rate of 114 bits/s, with a failure probability less than
. Such self-testing random number generators mark a critical step
towards realistic applications in cryptography and fundamental physics tests.Comment: 34 pages, 10 figure
Coexistence and interference mitigation for WPANs and WLANs from traditional approaches to deep learning: a review
More and more devices, such as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15.4 devices forming Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) and IEEE 802.11 devices constituting Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), share the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band in the realm of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Cities. However, the coexistence of these devices could pose a real challenge—co-channel interference that would severely compromise network performances. Although the coexistence issues has been partially discussed elsewhere in some articles, there is no single review that fully summarises and compares recent research outcomes and challenges of IEEE 802.15.4 networks, Bluetooth and WLANs together. In this work, we revisit and provide a comprehensive review on the coexistence and interference mitigation for those three types of networks. We summarize the strengths and weaknesses of the current methodologies, analysis and simulation models in terms of numerous important metrics such as the packet reception ratio, latency, scalability and energy efficiency. We discover that although Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15.4 networks are both WPANs, they show quite different performances in the presence of WLANs. IEEE 802.15.4 networks are adversely impacted by WLANs, whereas WLANs are interfered by Bluetooth. When IEEE 802.15.4 networks and Bluetooth co-locate, they are unlikely to harm each other. Finally, we also discuss the future research trends and challenges especially Deep-Learning and Reinforcement-Learning-based approaches to detecting and mitigating the co-channel interference caused by WPANs and WLANs
Experimental demonstration of Cavity-Free Optical Isolators and Optical Circulators
Cavity-free optical nonreciprocity components, which have an inherent strong
asymmetric interaction between the forward- and backward-propagation direction
of the probe field, are key to produce such as optical isolators and
circulators. According to the proposal presented by Xia et al., [Phys. Rev.
Lett. 121, 203602 (2018)], we experimentally build a device that uses
cross-Kerr nonlinearity to achieve a cavity-free optical isolator and
circulator. Its nonreciprocal behavior arises from the thermal motion of N-type
configuration atoms, which induces a strong chiral cross-Kerr nonlinear
response for the weak probe beam. We obtain a two-port optical isolator for up
to 20 dB of isolation ratio in a specially designed Sagnac interferometer. The
distinct propagation directions of the weak probe field determine its
cross-phase shift and transmission, by which we demonstrate the accessibility
of a four-port optical circulator.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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