383 research outputs found
A Meta-Evaluation of C/W/L/A Metrics: System Ranking Similarity, System Ranking Consistency and Discriminative Power
Recently, Moffat et al. proposed an analytic framework, namely C/W/L/A, for
offline evaluation metrics. This framework allows information retrieval (IR)
researchers to design evaluation metrics through the flexible combination of
user browsing models and user gain aggregations. However, the statistical
stability of C/W/L/A metrics with different aggregations is not yet
investigated. In this study, we investigate the statistical stability of
C/W/L/A metrics from the perspective of: (1) the system ranking similarity
among aggregations, (2) the system ranking consistency of aggregations and (3)
the discriminative power of aggregations. More specifically, we combined
various aggregation functions with the browsing model of Precision, Discounted
Cumulative Gain (DCG), Rank-Biased Precision (RBP), INST, Average Precision
(AP) and Expected Reciprocal Rank (ERR), examing their performances in terms of
system ranking similarity, system ranking consistency and discriminative power
on two offline test collections. Our experimental result suggests that, in
terms of system ranking consistency and discriminative power, the aggregation
function of expected rate of gain (ERG) has an outstanding performance while
the aggregation function of maximum relevance usually has an insufficient
performance. The result also suggests that Precision, DCG, RBP, INST and AP
with their canonical aggregation all have favourable performances in system
ranking consistency and discriminative power; but for ERR, replacing its
canonical aggregation with ERG can further strengthen the discriminative power
while obtaining a system ranking list similar to the canonical version at the
same time
MR-GNN: Multi-Resolution and Dual Graph Neural Network for Predicting Structured Entity Interactions
Predicting interactions between structured entities lies at the core of
numerous tasks such as drug regimen and new material design. In recent years,
graph neural networks have become attractive. They represent structured
entities as graphs and then extract features from each individual graph using
graph convolution operations. However, these methods have some limitations: i)
their networks only extract features from a fix-sized subgraph structure (i.e.,
a fix-sized receptive field) of each node, and ignore features in substructures
of different sizes, and ii) features are extracted by considering each entity
independently, which may not effectively reflect the interaction between two
entities. To resolve these problems, we present MR-GNN, an end-to-end graph
neural network with the following features: i) it uses a multi-resolution based
architecture to extract node features from different neighborhoods of each
node, and, ii) it uses dual graph-state long short-term memory networks
(L-STMs) to summarize local features of each graph and extracts the interaction
features between pairwise graphs. Experiments conducted on real-world datasets
show that MR-GNN improves the prediction of state-of-the-art methods.Comment: Accepted by IJCAI 201
Digital Fashion Metamorphosis: Fold and Unfold
The constraints of the current COVID-19 pandemic stimulate the urge for fashion brands and designers to explore 3D technology and utilizing digital space for fashion creation. Being a fashion designer, this urge inspires me to situate my thesis project at the intersection of fashion and technology. I use research-creation as a research approach to engage differently with digital fashion design creation. During my research, I stumbled upon the ancient technique of origami and was drawn to the intricate technique it holds. I also see the possibility embedded in further manipulating the form of origami in digital space through image-based 3D reconstruction photogrammetry technique and 3D software. This thesis project aims to explore how digital body and digitized origami can be combined as an innovative method to influence and create digital fashion design. The creative outcome, Neo-Metamorphosis is a video formatted origami-inspired futuristic fashion runway show. Overall, my thesis project aims to explore new perspectives of digital fashion and stimulate artistic inspiration
GP-Localize: Persistent Mobile Robot Localization using Online Sparse Gaussian Process Observation Model
Central to robot exploration and mapping is the task of persistent
localization in environmental fields characterized by spatially correlated
measurements. This paper presents a Gaussian process localization (GP-Localize)
algorithm that, in contrast to existing works, can exploit the spatially
correlated field measurements taken during a robot's exploration (instead of
relying on prior training data) for efficiently and scalably learning the GP
observation model online through our proposed novel online sparse GP. As a
result, GP-Localize is capable of achieving constant time and memory (i.e.,
independent of the size of the data) per filtering step, which demonstrates the
practical feasibility of using GPs for persistent robot localization and
autonomy. Empirical evaluation via simulated experiments with real-world
datasets and a real robot experiment shows that GP-Localize outperforms
existing GP localization algorithms.Comment: 28th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2014), Extended
version with proofs, 10 page
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