346 research outputs found
Joint Block-Sparse Recovery Using Simultaneous BOMP/BOLS
We consider the greedy algorithms for the joint recovery of high-dimensional
sparse signals based on the block multiple measurement vector (BMMV) model in
compressed sensing (CS). To this end, we first put forth two versions of
simultaneous block orthogonal least squares (S-BOLS) as the baseline for the
OLS framework. Their cornerstone is to sequentially check and select the
support block to minimize the residual power. Then, parallel performance
analysis for the existing simultaneous block orthogonal matching pursuit
(S-BOMP) and the two proposed S-BOLS algorithms is developed. It indicates that
under the conditions based on the mutual incoherence property (MIP) and the
decaying magnitude structure of the nonzero blocks of the signal, the
algorithms select all the significant blocks before possibly choosing incorrect
ones. In addition, we further consider the problem of sufficient data volume
for reliable recovery, and provide its MIP-based bounds in closed-form. These
results together highlight the key role of the block characteristic in
addressing the weak-sparse issue, i.e., the scenario where the overall sparsity
is too large. The derived theoretical results are also universally valid for
conventional block-greedy algorithms and non-block algorithms by setting the
number of measurement vectors and the block length to 1, respectively.Comment: This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publicatio
Superlens-Assisted Laser Nanostructuring of Long Period Optical Fiber Gratings (LPGs) for Enhanced Refractive Index Sensing
We present an innovative method to enhance Long Period Optical Fiber Gratings
(LPGs) for refractive index sensing using microsphere-assisted superlens laser
nanostructuring. This technique involves self-assembling a silica microsphere
monolayer on LPGs' outer surface, followed by pulsed laser irradiation to
generate nanoholes (300-500 nm) forming nanohole-structured LPGs (NS-LPGs). In
experiments, two nanohole densities were compared for their impact on sensing
performance in sucrose and glycerin solutions. The nanostructured NS-LPGs
showed improved sensitivity by 16.08% and 19.57% compared to regular LPGs, with
higher nanohole density yielding greater enhancement. Importantly, the
permanent nanohole structures ensure durability in harsh environments,
surpassing conventional surface-coating-based LPGs. Further improvements can be
achieved by refining nanostructuring density and controlling nanohole size and
depth. Our work represents a notable advancement in LPG sensor engineering,
prioritizing surface nanostructuring over nano-coating, promising enhanced
refractive index sensing applications.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Sparsity-Based Channel Estimation Exploiting Deep Unrolling for Downlink Massive MIMO
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) enjoys great advantage in 5G
wireless communication systems owing to its spectrum and energy efficiency.
However, hundreds of antennas require large volumes of pilot overhead to
guarantee reliable channel estimation in FDD massive MIMO system. Compressive
sensing (CS) has been applied for channel estimation by exploiting the inherent
sparse structure of massive MIMO channel but suffer from high complexity. To
overcome this challenge, this paper develops a hybrid channel estimation scheme
by integrating the model-driven CS and data-driven deep unrolling technique.
The proposed scheme consists of a coarse estimation part and a fine correction
part to respectively exploit the inter- and intraframe sparsities of channels
to greatly reduce the pilot overhead. Theoretical result is provided to
indicate the convergence of the fine correction and coarse estimation net.
Simulation results are provided to verify that our scheme can estimate MIMO
channels with low pilot overhead while guaranteeing estimation accuracy with
relatively low complexity.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.1721
Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in thin Pt and W films at low temperatures
As spin caloritronic measurements become increasingly common techniques for
characterizing material properties, it is important to quantify potentially
confounding effects. We report measurements of the Nernst-Ettingshausen
response from room temperature to 5 K in thin film wires of Pt and W, metals
commonly used as inverse spin Hall detectors in spin Seebeck characterization.
Johnson-Nyquist noise thermometry is used to assess the temperature change of
the metals with heater power at low temperatures, and the thermal path is
analyzed via finite-element modeling. The Nernst-Ettingshausen response of W is
found to be approximately temperature-independent, while the response of Pt
increases at low temperatures. These results are discussed in the context of
theoretical expectations and the possible role of magnetic impurities in Pt.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures + supplementary material of 12 pages and 5
figure
Pore-scale simulation of gas displacement after water flooding using three-phase lattice Boltzmann method
Water flooding is a commonly used technique to improve oil recovery, although the amount of oil left in reservoirs after the procedure is still significant. Gas displacement after water flooding is an effective way to recover residual oil, but the occurrence state and flow principles of multiphase fluid after gas injection are still ambiguous. Therefore, the gas displacement process after water flooding should be studied on the pore scale to provide a basis for formulating a reasonable gas injection program. Most of the current pore-scale studies focus on two-phase flow, while simulations that account for the influence of oil-gas miscibility and injected water are seldom reported. In this work, the multi-component multi-phase Shan-Chen lattice Boltzmann model is used to simulate the gas displacement after water flooding in a porous medium, and the effects of injected water, viscosity ratio, pore structure, and miscibility are analyzed. It is established that the injected water will cause gas flow path variations and lead to premature gas channeling. Under the impact of capillary pressure, the water retained in the porous medium during the water flooding stage further imbibes into the tiny pores during gas injection and displaces the remaining oil. When miscibility is considered, the oil-gas interface disappears, eliminating the influence of the capillary effect on the fluid flow and enabling the recovery of remaining oil at the corner. This study sheds light on the gas displacement mechanisms after water flooding from the pore-scale perspective and provides a potential avenue for improving oil recovery.Document Type: Original articleCited as: Wang, S., Chen, L., Feng, Q., Chen, L., Fang, C., Cui, R. Pore-scale simulation of gas displacement after water flooding using three-phase lattice Boltzmann method. Capillarity, 2023, 6(2): 19-30. https://doi.org/10.46690/capi.2023.02.0
Context-aware Coherent Speaking Style Prediction with Hierarchical Transformers for Audiobook Speech Synthesis
Recent advances in text-to-speech have significantly improved the
expressiveness of synthesized speech. However, it is still challenging to
generate speech with contextually appropriate and coherent speaking style for
multi-sentence text in audiobooks. In this paper, we propose a context-aware
coherent speaking style prediction method for audiobook speech synthesis. To
predict the style embedding of the current utterance, a hierarchical
transformer-based context-aware style predictor with a mixture attention mask
is designed, considering both text-side context information and speech-side
style information of previous speeches. Based on this, we can generate
long-form speech with coherent style and prosody sentence by sentence.
Objective and subjective evaluations on a Mandarin audiobook dataset
demonstrate that our proposed model can generate speech with more expressive
and coherent speaking style than baselines, for both single-sentence and
multi-sentence test.Comment: Accepted by ICASSP 202
Novel Microfiber Sensor and Its Biosensing Application for Detection of hCG Based on a Singlemode-Tapered Hollow Core-Singlemode Fiber Structure
A novel microfiber sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on a singlemode-tapered hollow core -singlemode (STHS) fiber structure. Experimentally a STHS with taper waist diameter of 26.5 μm has been fabricated and RI sensitivity of 816, 1601.86, and 4775.5 nm/RIU has been achieved with RI ranges from 1.3335 to 1.3395 , from 1.369 to 1.378, and from 1.409 to 1.4175 respectively, which agrees very well with simulated RI sensitivity of 885, 1517, and 4540 nm/RIU at RI ranges from 1.3335 to 1.337, from 1.37 to 1.374, and from 1.41 to 1.414 . The taper waist diameter has impact on both temperature and strain sensitivity of the sensor structure: (1) the smaller the waist diameter, the higher the temperature sensitivity, and experimentally 26.82 pm/°C has been achieved with a taper waist diameter of 21.4 μm; (2) as waist diameter decrease, strain sensitivity increase and 7.62 pm/με has been achieved with a taper diameter of 20.3 μm. The developed sensor was then functionalized for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) detection as an example for biosensing application. Experimentally for hCG concentration of 5 mIU/ml, the sensor has 0.5 nm wavelength shift, equivalent to limit of detection (LOD) of 0.6 mIU/ml by defining 3 times of the wavelength variation (0.06 nm) as measurement limit. The biosensor demonstrated relatively good reproducibility and specificity, which has potential for real medical diagnostics and other applications
Poly[[chloridodimethanol(μ3-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylato)europium(III)] methanol monosolvate]
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, {[Eu(C7H3NO4)Cl(CH3OH)2]·CH3OH}n, contains one EuIII ion, one pyridine 2,3-dicarboxylate dianion (PDC), two CH3OH molecules coordinating to the metal atom, one coordinating chloride and one lattice occluded CH3OH molecule. In the crystal, each PDC anion coordinates to three adjacent EuIII ions by the pyridine N and O atoms of the carboxylate groups. The EuIII cation is eightfold coordinated by four carboxylate O atoms, one pyridine N atom, two MeOH and one chloride anion in the form of a distorted polyhedron. Extended coordination of the PDC ligand lead to the formation of a two-dimensional coordination polymer parallel to (10-1)
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