23 research outputs found
Π€Π£ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π Π ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ«Π ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ’Π« ΠΠΠ£Π§ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ Π¬ΠΠ Π
The results of fundamental and applied studies of blood-brain barrier had been conducted by authors during the last 10 years are summarized in the publication. The molecular anatomy of barrier microvessels, as well as promising markers of BBB and other proteins involved in barrier functions are discussed. Via in vitro experiments with endothelial cells of cerebral microvessels we characterized the basic conditions required for adequate BBB modeling. The in vivo data of BBB permeability for macromolecules in normal and different pathological processis including radiation injury, hyperosmotic shock, and nervous tissue ischemia are properly described. A particular attention was focused upon the experimental studies of the permeability and functional reorganization of barrier endothelium during tumor neoangiogenesis. We detected a dramatically increased permeability of neoplastic microvessels both for horseradish peroxidase/serum albumin and labeled monoclonal antibodies. The increased tumor permeability for IgG and the overexpression of target antigens in tumor tissue and peritumoral zone make possible the targeted delivery of diagnostics and therapeutic agents into the tumor by means of monoclonal antibodies.Β Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
20Β Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠΠ. Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΠΠ inΒ vitro. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» Π² Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
(ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ). ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π·Ρ, Π°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Ρ-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ-ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³.
Π ΠΠΠ¬ Π ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ VEGFR Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ« Π’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ£Π₯ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of primary brain cancer that characterized by poor prognosis due to the rapid progression, active angiogenesis, enhanced tumor cell invasion and the emergence of resistance toward conventional therapy. In this connection, nowadays, new approaches for selective inhibition of crucial steps in tumor progression are actively developing. The key feature of tumor growth and development is angiogenesis. VEGF and its receptor VEGFR2 play the pivotal role in regulation of tumor vessel formation. Therefore, VEGFR2, as the main receptor of VEGFβs pro-angiogenic signal transducer, is a promising molecular target for anti-angiogenic therapy. There is evidence that inhibitors of VEGF and VEGFR2 reduce endothelial cell proliferation, migration and survival that lead to regression of vessel density and decrease vascular permeability, thereby slowing tumor growth. Currently, a number of VEGFR2 inhibitors are under clinical trials (ramucirumab, cediranib) and several were approved (sunitinib, sorafenib). Despite the promising results of preclinical studies, the efficacy of antiangiogenic drugs in the clinical practice is significantly lower, mainly, due to rapid adaptation of malignant cells that consists of alternative pro-angiogenic pathways activation, recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrow and increasing of the invasive growth. Given the diversity of pro-angiogenic mechanisms, enhancement of the efficacy of tumor therapy could be achieved by specific inhibition of VEGFR2 functions that will be supplemented by other antiangiogenic drugs (anti-VEGF,-PlGF,-HIF1Ξ±). In addition, multitargeting therapy should focus on the combined inhibition of angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, proliferation and survival of tumor cells.Β ΠΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·, ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (VEGF) ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ 2-Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° (VEGFR2). ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ VEGFR2 ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ VEGF ΠΈ VEGFR2 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²; ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² VEGFR2 (ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΌΠ°Π±, ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ±) ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. Π£ΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ VEGFR2 Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-VEGF, -PlGF, -HIF1Ξ±). ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°, ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ.
Π ΠΠΠ¬ VEGF Π Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ
Solid tumor progression largely depends on vascularization and angiogenesis in the malignant tissue. The most prominent among all proangiogenic factors is vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF). VEGF suppression leads to retrogression of neoplastic vessels and tumor growth restriction. Clinical trials of complex antiangiogenic and chemical therapy of different neoplastic tumors have shown promising results. Nowadays bevacizumab is widely used in breast cancer, colorectal cancer and II-IV stage of malignancy gliomas treatment. Unfortunately, in the majority of cases antiangiogenic treatment led not to full recovery, but only to tumor development restriction. Resistance mechanisms include potentiating of alternative proangiogenic signaling pathways and activation of malignant cell invasive population.ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠ· ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (VEGF). ΠΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ VEGF ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅Β ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π±Π΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠΌΠ°Π± Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π» Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌ IIIβIV ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΒ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ
Characterization of new cell line stably expressing CHI3L1 oncogene
Aim. To characterize the immortalized 293 cell line afterstable transfection with human oncogene (CHI3L1). Methods. 293 cells, stably transfected with pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1, and 293 cells, stably transfected with pcDNA3.1 as
a negative control, were used throughout all experiments. The clones of CHI3L1-expressing 293 cells and 293
cells, transfected with pcDNA3.1, were analyzed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Cell proliferation was measured using MTT assay; analyses of ERK1/2 and AKT activation and their cellular localization
were performed with anti-phospho-ERK and anti-phospho-AKT antibodies. Specific activation of MAP and PI3
kinases was measured by densitometric analysis of Western-blot signals. Results. The obtained results show
quite modest ability of CHI3L1 to stimulate cell growth and reflect rather an improved cellular plating efficiency
of the 293 cells stably transfected with pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1 as compared to the 293 cells transfected with an
Β«emptyΒ» vector. ERK1/2 and AKT are activated in the 293_CHI3L1 cells. In these cells phosphorylated ERK1/2
were localized in both cell cytoplasm and nuclei while AKT only in cytoplasm. The 293_CHI3L1 cells differed
from the 293 cells, transfected with an Β«emptyΒ» vector, in their size and ability to adhere to the culture plates.
Conclusions. The overexpression of CHI3L1 is likely to have an important role in tumorigenesis via a mechanism which involves activation of PI3K and ERK1/2 pathways. The tumors which can be induced by orthotopic
implantation of the transformed human cells with overexpressed human oncogene CHI3L1 into the rat brain can
be used as a target for anticancer drug development.
Key words: chitinase 3-like 1 protein (CHI3L1), brain tumor, MAP kinase, PI3 kinase.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ 293
ΠΏΡΡΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π° CHI3L1. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1, ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ pcDNA3.1 ΡΠΊ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΡΡ
Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ 293 Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
CHI3L1 ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Β«ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΒ» Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ MTT, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ ERK1/2 i AKT ΡΠ° ΡxΠ½Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ax β ΡΠ· Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ-ERK- ΡΠ°
Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ-AKT-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ». Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Π· MAP Ρ
PI3 Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ
Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ CHI3L1 ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΡ, Π°Π»e Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ 293 ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½,
ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1 ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π· ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Β«ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΒ» Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ. Π£ 293_
CHI3L1 ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ERK1/2 ΡΠ° AKT ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ Π² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. Π£ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½i ERK1/2 Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½i ΡΠΊ Ρ
ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π² ΡΠ΄ΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΊ AKT β Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ.
293_CHI3L1-ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ·Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ 293_pcDNA3.1 Π·Π°
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
Π½ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠaΠ΄eΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ CHI3L1, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ½Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ PI3K- Ρ MAPK- ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΡΠ². ΠΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π· Π½aΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌCHI3L1 Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: Ρ
ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π° 3-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ 1 (CHI3L1), ΠΏΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ
Π³oΠ»oΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡ, MAP-ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Π·Π°, PI3-ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Π·Π°.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ
293 ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π° CHI3L1. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1,
ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ 293, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ pcDNA3.1 Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ 293_CHI3L1 ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ 293_ pcDNA3.1 Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ MTT, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ERK1/2 ΠΈ AKT Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ-ERK- ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ-AKT-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ MAP- ΠΈ PI3-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π· ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ -
Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ CHI3L1 ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
pcDNA3.1_CHI3L1 ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ 293-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ -
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Β«ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠΌΒ» Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ. ERK1/2 ΠΈ AKT Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
293_CHI3L1 Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρe ERK1/2 Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ AKT β ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅.
ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ 293_CHI3L1 ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ 293_pcDNA3.1 ΠΏΠΎ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ CHI3L1, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ PI3KΠΈ MAPK-ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ CHI3L1 Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΠΌΠΎ -
Π³ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π° 3-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ 1 (CHI3L1), ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π³oΠ»oΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°, MAP-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π°, PI3-ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°Π·
ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°
The opportunities and the most promising ways of using cellular technology in traumatic spinal cord injury are considered in this review. A large number of experimental and clinical studies with the use of different types of cells: embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, Schwann cells, olfactory mucosa cells, and others β was conducted. The use of these types of cells in traumatic spinal cord injury treatment often demonstrated a positive therapeutic effect: the motor and sensory function recovery of the spinal cord. However, some types of cell preparations involve some methodological and ethical problems; some types of cell therapies are ineffective or giveΒ rise to side effects. These factors complicate the selection of optimal cell therapy for the traumatic spinal cord injury treatment. The most promising cells seem to be the cells of the olfactory mucosa. Getting the olfactory mucosa is considered to be a feasible and safe procedure for patients. The clinical application of the cells of the olfactory mucosa is effective in motor function recovery due to remyelination and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. These cells are tissue-specific and autologous since they can be obtained from a patient with spinal cord injury, and after cultivation, expansion, and directed differentiation they can be transplanted to the same patient. The presented benefits of olfactory mucosa cells open up the possibility for its clinical application in the cell therapy.Β Π ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ β ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
, Π¨Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. β ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΏΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°
Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠ‘Π’-Π‘ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ« ΠΠΠ― Π ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ’Π«, ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ PCA3 Π ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ§Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’-ΠΠ¦Π Π Π ΠΠΠΠΠ Π ΠΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ
The wide introduction of prostatic specific antigen (PSA) determination into clinical practice has resulted in a larger number of prostate biopsies, while the lower age threshold for PSA has led to a larger number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Hence, there is a need for new biomarkers that can detect prostate cancer. Π CΠ3 is a noncoding messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that is expressed exclusively in prostate cells.Β The aim of the study Β has been to develop a diagnostic test system for early non-invasive detection of prostateΒ cancer based on PCA3 mRNA levels in urine sediment using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As part of the study, a laboratory diagnostic test system prototype has been designed, an application methodology has been developed and specificity and sensitivity data of the method has been assessed. The diagnostic system has demonstrated its ability to detect significantly elevated levels of PCAΒ 3/Β KLKΒ 3 in samples from prostate cancer (PCa) patients compared with those from healthy men. The findings have shown relatively high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and negative-predictive values for an early non-invasive screening of prostate cancerΠ¨ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π° (ΠΠ‘Π) ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΠ‘Π β ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ. Π Π‘Π3 β Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π³Π΅Π½Π° Π Π‘Π3 Π² ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠ¦Π ) Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ (ΠΠ’). Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ¦Π -ΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° PCA3/KLK3 Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠ². Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ.Β
Liposomal formulations of anthracycline antibiotics
Anthracycline antibiotics with significant antitumor activity are widely used for treatment of various oncologic diseases in spite of their poor pharmacokinetics and severe side-effects. To improve the efficacy of treatment of oncologic patients, liposomal formulations of the anthracycline antibiotics, such as Doxil, TLC D-99, and DaunoXome, have been developed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of liposomal doxorubicin and daunorubicin differ markedly from the parameters of their free formulations. Liposomal anthracyclines display a prolonged circulation time, reduced clearance, smaller volume of distribution, and lower toxicity. Doxil and DaunoXome have been licensed for treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Entrapment of anthracycline antibiotics into liposomes coupled with monoclonal antibodies enhances their uptake by tumor cells
Liposomal formulations of anthracycline antibiotics
Anthracycline antibiotics with significant antitumor activity are widely used for treatment of various oncologic diseases in spite of their poor pharmacokinetics and severe side-effects. To improve the efficacy of treatment of oncologic patients, liposomal formulations of the anthracycline antibiotics, such as Doxil, TLC D-99, and DaunoXome, have been developed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of liposomal doxorubicin and daunorubicin differ markedly from the parameters of their free formulations. Liposomal anthracyclines display a prolonged circulation time, reduced clearance, smaller volume of distribution, and lower toxicity. Doxil and DaunoXome have been licensed for treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Entrapment of anthracycline antibiotics into liposomes coupled with monoclonal antibodies enhances their uptake by tumor cells