Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch: Diagnostisches Kurzinterview bei psychischen Störungen. Übersetzung des Mini-DIPS Open Access

Das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch ist ein diagnostisches Kurzinterview bei psychischen Störungen und eine Übersetzung des Mini-DIPS Open Access (2. Auflage). Es bietet als Kurzfassung des DIPS Open Access eine schnelle und dennoch zuverlässige diagnostische Beurteilung psychischer Störungen nach DSM-5 und ICD-10. Das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch gibt einen Überblick über die allgemeine Belastung der untersuchten Personen und ermöglicht die Dokumentation wichtiger anamnestischer Informationen für Praxis und Forschung. Neben dem Interviewleitfaden liefert das Kurzinterview zu allen aufgeführten psychischen Störungen ergänzende Informationen und Diagnose-Checklisten, die auf den Kriterien des DSM-5 basieren. Damit kann das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch eingesetzt werden, um diagnostische Informationen für Anträge auf Psychotherapie oder Forschungsfragestellungen zeitökonomisch zu ermitteln. Keywords: Arabisches Diagnostisches Interview; Mini-DIPS; Diagnostik; Psychische Störungen; DSM-5; ICD-1

Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch: Diagnostisches Kurzinterview bei psychischen Störungen. Übersetzung des Mini-DIPS Open Access

Das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch ist ein diagnostisches Kurzinterview bei psychischen Störungen und eine Übersetzung des Mini-DIPS Open Access (2. Auflage). Es bietet als Kurzfassung des DIPS Open Access eine schnelle und dennoch zuverlässige diagnostische Beurteilung psychischer Störungen nach DSM-5 und ICD-10. Das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch gibt einen Überblick über die allgemeine Belastung der untersuchten Personen und ermöglicht die Dokumentation wichtiger anamnestischer Informationen für Praxis und Forschung. Neben dem Interviewleitfaden liefert das Kurzinterview zu allen aufgeführten psychischen Störungen ergänzende Informationen und Diagnose-Checklisten, die auf den Kriterien des DSM-5 basieren. Damit kann das Mini-DIPS Open Access Arabisch eingesetzt werden, um diagnostische Informationen für Anträge auf Psychotherapie oder Forschungsfragestellungen zeitökonomisch zu ermitteln. Keywords: Arabisches Diagnostisches Interview; Mini-DIPS; Diagnostik; Psychische Störungen; DSM-5; ICD-1

Plasticity in D1-Like Receptor Expression Is Associated with Different Components of Cognitive Processes

Dopamine D1-like receptors consist of D1 (D1A) and D5 (D1B) receptors and play a key role in working memory. However, their possibly differential contribution to working memory is unclear. We combined a working memory training protocol with a stepwise increase of cognitive subcomponents and real-time RT-PCR analysis of dopamine receptor expression in pigeons to identify molecular changes that accompany training of isolated cognitive subfunctions. In birds, the D1-like receptor family is extended and consists of the D1A, D1B, and D1D receptors. Our data show that D1B receptor plasticity follows a training that includes active mental maintenance of information, whereas D1A and D1D receptor plasticity in addition accompanies learning of stimulus-response associations. Plasticity of D1-like receptors plays no role for processes like response selection and stimulus discrimination. None of the tasks altered D2 receptor expression. Our study shows that different cognitive components of working memory training have distinguishable effects on D1-like receptor expression

Depression and suicidal ideation in high‐performance athletes suffering from low back pain: the role of stress and pain‐related thought suppression

Depression and suicidal ideation are important health problems in athletes suffering from pain. Dysfunctional pain cognitions, that is, pain-related thought suppression (PTS), may play an important role in their aetiology. Thought suppression was shown to increase depressive mood, particularly in highly stressed individuals. This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between PTS and stress on depression and suicidal ideation in athletes with pain.A total of 159 athletes with non-specific low back pain completed a set of questionnaires to measure PTS, depression and stress. Participants were split into groups with high and low stress, and high and low PTS. Two-way ANOVA calculated main effects for PTS, stress and a PTS*stress interaction, with depressive symptoms as dependent. Subsequently, distribution tests were calculated, investigating if the presence of clinically relevant depression and suicidal ideation is dependent of conditions of high/low PTS and stress.A main effect of stress demonstrated higher depression scores in highly stressed athletes. Further, a significant PTS*stress interaction showed elevated depression scores in athletes with high PTS and high stress. Distribution analysis revealed positive associations between PTS, stress and depression, with depression being most frequent among athletes with high PTS and high stress. Suicidal ideation was not significantly associated with PTS and only weakly correlated with stress.Our findings show that PTS is the most common pain response in athletes with pain. The results indicate a higher prevalence of depression and elevated depressive symptoms in athletes experiencing high stress, seemingly more pronounced when highly engaging in PTS.This study contributes to the understanding of depression in athletes with pain, suggesting stress and pain-related thought suppression to increase symptoms and prevalence of depression. As athletes often experience acute or chronic pain, understanding the impact of pain cognitions on health outcomes is an important step in the optimization of treatments

Primers used for real-time RT-PCR.

<p>The primers were used for quantitative RT-PCR. Each primer pair binds specifically the indicated gene without cross-reactions. The obtained fragments were verified by sequence analysis.</p

Gray matter alteration associated with pain catastrophizing in patients 6 months after lumbar disk surgery: a voxel-based morphometry study

Abstract. Introduction:. Pain catastrophizing (PC), the increased attention to harmful aspects of pain (magnification), and the belief of low controllability (helplessness) has been shown to be important in the maintenance of pain. A growing research on structural alterations in chronic pain revealed an association between PC and brain areas that are involved in affective and cognitive pain processing. However, little is known about a differential effect of the components magnification and helplessness. Objective:. The aim of this study was to identify brain regions associated with overall PC and with the single components of magnification and helplessness. Methods:. We investigated 29 patients 6 months after lumbar disk surgery using voxel-based morphometry. Magnification and helplessness were assessed with subscales of the Avoidance-Endurance Questionnaire (AEQ); overall PC was computed using the sum score. The structural brain imaging data were preprocessed and analyzed using SPM8 and VBM8. Multiple regression analyses were performed with PC scales as predictors and depression as covariate. Results:. Pain catastrophizing was significantly associated with cortical gray matter in brain areas involved in processing attentional, sensory, and affective aspects of pain, including the left posterior cingulate cortex, supplementary motor area, and medial frontal gyrus. In addition, we provide preliminary evidence for brain structure association related to magnification and helplessness. Conclusion:. This study provides evidence for PC-related structural alterations in patients with low back pain, which are consistent with findings from previous research in different chronic pain disorders. This study is the first to evaluate brain changes related to differential domains of PC

Schematic illustration of the different paradigms for the animal groups in cognitive training.

<p>(A) Control group without training in an operant task. (B) S-R task. During training with colored operant keys, each trial started with the presentation of either a green or a red stimulus on one of the three keys. After 15 correct pecks the REWARD phase started with 3 s food access. This was followed by an intertrial interval (ITI) before the next trial started. (C) SMTS task. Training in the simultaneous matching-to-sample task always started with the presentation of either a green or red stimulus as the SAMPLE on the central key. 15 pecks onto this directly started the CHOICE period, where the pigeons had to peck the lateral key that matched the color of the sample. During this phase all keys were simultaneously illuminated. No maintaining of information was required. A single correct peck started the REWARD phase with 3 s food access. This was followed by an ITI before the next trial started. (D) DMTS task. During training of the delayed matching-to-sample task each trial started with the presentation of either a green or red stimulus as the SAMPLE on the central key. 15 pecks onto this started a 4 s DELAY period during which the animals had to memorize the sample color. Then, the lateral keys lit and started the CHOICE period, where the pigeons had to peck the lateral key that matched the color of the sample. A single correct peck started the REWARD phase with 3 s food access. This was followed by an ITI before the next trial started.</p

Differences of D1-like mRNA levels in the NCL (A) and the anterior forebrain (aFB; B) between the trained groups.

<p>In the NCL and in the aFB, D1A receptor expression levels decreased in the S-R and in the SMTS groups, and increased to control levels after training in the DMTS group. D1B receptor expression increased in both areas in the DMTS group. D1D receptor expression levels decreased in the S-R and the SMTS groups in both areas, and increased to control levels in the NCL while increasing above control levels in the aFB. Thus, a rigid training program that involved a reward-dependent learning of an association between external stimuli and own responses resulted in a down-regulation of the expression of D1A and D1D. D1B expression is only affects after DMTS training. A sole comparison of control and DMTS tasks would have resulted in the wrong conclusion that a DMTS procedure increases D1B expression levels but has no effect on D1A or D1D. All data is presented as mean ± SEM; n = 10 each group. All statistical analyses were only performed on the original data (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036484#pone-0036484-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a>). Significant differences between groups are marked with asterisks (*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001).</p

Quantification of dopamine receptor (DAR) mRNA levels in the NCL (A) and the anterior forebrain (aFB; B) of the control and the trained groups.

<p>Expression of different DA receptors at the mRNA level is shown relative to the expression of the housekeeping gene histone H3.3B (mean ± SEM; n = 10 each group). Significant differences between groups are marked with asterisks (*p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001).</p

Comparison of pigeon DA receptor probe sequences to gene sequences in chicken (c) and human (h).

<p>Data is presented as x/y (%), with x the number of identical bases and y the total length of the fragment followed by the percentage value of sequence identity. Similarities to pigeon sequences differ between chicken and human and are generally larger for chicken sequences. For the D1D probe only low correspondences were detected to the D1B/D5 gene, while high correlations were found with the chicken D1D gene. Empty boxes indicate absence of any significant identities.</p