Preliminary results of electrical characterization of GO towards MCF7 and MCF10a at different concentrations

GO is the 2D carbon sheet with additional functional groups, is more stable in various solvents, easy to be produced and manipulated especially in biological system. At the moment, GO is only utilized as the drug delivery agent during treatment. In this study, the resistivity of GO towards breast cancer cell (MCF7) and normal breast cell (MCF10a) using interdigitated electrodes (IDE) were investigated. The interaction of different concentrations of GO as the sensing material on the tested cells which act as analyte can change electrical response. The tested cell were treated with six different concentrations of GO and was dropped to the IDE with different period of time in order to examine electrical behavior. For MCF10a, at high concentration the resistances of MCF10 remain in the same order of magnitude with increasing time of detection while for MCF7 at high concentration, the resistances were greatly influenced by the time of detection where the value significantly changed after 5 minutes and 10 minutes. The number of viable cell does not give effect to the resistance

Electrical characterization of GO at different pH towards MCF7 and MCF10a: preliminary result

The intracellular pH of cancerous cell is commonly acidic while the intracellular pH of normal cell is neutral. The objective of this study is to study the electrical characterization in terms of resistance between the pH of sensing material with the intracellular pH of the cells. Three different pH of Graphene Oxide (GO) were used as a solvent to analyze their interaction towards breast cancer cells (MCF7) and breast normal cells (MCF10a). GO which produced by Hummer's method was used due to their solubility and biocompatibility characteristics which easily diffuse through the cell. In this experiment, the characteristics of GO were analyzed and confirmed by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In order to measure the resistance of MCF7 and MCF10a cells after treated with GO for 24 hours, gold electrodes with 10 μ-gaps of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) were used. The results were obtained for three periods of time which were immediate, 5 minutes and 10 minutes after the treated cells being exposed at room temperature. The results show that the resistance of MCF10a cells increased after treated with higher pH of GO which is pH 7 and the resistances of the MCF7 cells decreased as the pH of GO increased to pH 7. Finally, the viable cells were calculated by using haemocytometer in order to prove that the increased of the resistances were due to the increased number of viable cells

Pencirian Kesesuaian Kaolin Dari Gua Musang, Kelantan Untuk Kegunaan Industri Kertas

Projek ini dijalankan dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji sifat-sifat kaolin tempatan untuk kegunaan industri kertas. Kajian ini melibatkan sifat-sifat kimia dan fizikal. Sampel diperolehi dari kawasan sekitar Gua Musang, Kelantan. Kaolin merupakan satu bahan yang berwarna putih dan berbutir halus. Ia dikaji untuk mengetahui kesesuaiannya dalam sesuatu kegunaan industri. Beberapa ujian pencirian telah dijalankan ke atas setiap sampel iaitu penentuan taburan saiz partikel, luas permukaan, kecerahan, warna, kelikatan, kelembapan, komposisi kimia, kehilangan bahan meruap dan juga pH. Ujian pencirian ini dijalankan untuk menunjukkan kesesuaian kegunaan kaolin dalam industri kertas. Berdasarkan kepada ujian pencirian, didapati kaolin Gua Musang kurang sesuai untuk digunakan dalam pembuatan kertas. Oleh yang demikian, sampel kaolin ini perlu melalui satu proses benefisiasi melalui teknik delaminasi. Delaminasi adalah satu proses iaitu sejumlah besar susunan kaolinit diasingkan kepada beberapa kepingan nipis. Proses ini melibatkan pengocakan buburan kaolin pada terikan tinggi dengan palet pada ketumpatan pukal yang optimum

Antibacterial Effect of Graphene and Graphene Oxide as a Potential Material for Fiber Finishes

The dynamic development of the world economy entails an increasing exchange of goods and population. This means that we are globally struggling with increasing levels of nosocomial infections. The increasing use of antimicrobial agents triggers the microorganisms’ immune system, which in turn contributes to the increasing amount of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, making it necessary to control the development of unwanted microorganisms, including bacteria, especially those carried on the body and clothing

Circular Economy-Waste Reuse into a Spongy Oxide Material with Photocatalytic Activity for a Sustainable Development

International audienceThe most recent studies in the field of heterogenous catalysis are directed towards thediffrent anchoring supports for immobilising commonly employed photocatalysts for thedegradation of emergent organic compounds from wastewater. The technique of immobilisation ofthe catalytic semiconductors helps to avoid one of the main technical issue which concerns thepost- recovery process of the classical particles in suspension after the water treatment. In thecontext of the transition towards a circular economy and sustainable development, this paperpresents the results regarding a novel catalyst immobilized on fix support starting from somegeneral waste and its photo catalytically functionalization through deposition of variousconcentrations of zinc oxide on its surface. The morphological and structural characterization of the synthetized oxide spongy materials was performed. This new oxide material presents a great potential as a low-cost, environmental friendly and sustainable water treatment technology

Cell viability and electrical response of breast cancer cell treated in aqueous graphene oxide solution deposition on interdigitated electrode

Breast cancer is one of the most reported cancers that can lead to death. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment procedures, the possibility of cancer recurrences is still high in many cases. With that in consideration, researchers from all over the world are showing interest in the unique features of Graphene oxide (GO), such as its excellent and versatile physicochemical properties, to explore further its potential and benefits towards breast cancer cell treatment. In this study, the cell viability and electrical response of GO, in terms of resistivity and impedance towards the breast cancer cells (MCF7) and normal breast cells (MCF10a), were investigated by varying the pH and concentration of GO. Firstly, the numbers of MCF7 and MCF10a were measured after being treated with GO for 24 and 48 h. Next, the electrical responses of these cells were evaluated by using interdigitated gold electrodes (IDEs) that are connected to an LCR meter. Based on the results obtained, as the pH of GO increased from pH 5 to pH 7, the number of viable MCF7 cells decreased while the number of viable MCF10a slightly increased after the incubation period of 48 h. Similarly, the MCF7 also experienced higher cytotoxicity effects when treated with GO concentrations of more than 25 µg/mL. The findings from the electrical characterization of the cells observed that the number of viable cells has corresponded to the impedance of the cells. The electrical impedance of MCF7 decreased as the number of highly insulating viable cell membranes decreased. But in contrast, the electrical impedance of MCF10a increased as the number of highly insulating viable cell membranes increased. Hence, it can be deduced that the GO with higher pH and concentration influence the MCF7 cancer cell line and MCF10a normal breast cell

Potential Applications of Geopolymer Cement-Based Composite as Self-Cleaning Coating: A Review

Nowadays, concepts of self-cleaning have received great attention in construction building materials. Self-cleaning with the presence of photocatalyst has been applied in building materials to overcome the problem of building surfaces becoming dirty after exposure for a long time in highly polluted areas. To date, the concept of green blending materials has led to the development of a new binding material for green materials, which is geopolymer with an addition of photocatalyst. This review focused on the development of conventional self-cleaning paste, including the method of preparation and the impact of adding photocatalyst on physical and mechanical properties. However, although self-cleaning has been widely applied in conventional cement paste, its applications in geopolymers are still in the early stages of development and require more research. Therefore, this paper also intended to review the current knowledge on properties of geopolymer cement-based composite and its potential to be applied as a self-cleaning coating