Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles by Murraya Koenigii leaves

Nanoparticles have a size of 1nm-100nm in any one of the three dimensions. Smaller nanoparticles have different physical, chemical and biological properties than atoms and molecules. Metals, non-oxide ceramic materials, metal oxides, silicates, and polymers, and organic and biomolecular components can be used to create material nanoparticles. Nanoparticles come in various shapes, like spheres, platelets, cylinders, and tubes. Green synthesized nanoparticles are not costly due to unemployment of toxic and hazardous compounds. Plants are widely spread, freely accessible, and safe to touch. They also supply a variety of metabolic compounds which are advantageous in reducing, capping and stabilizing process throughout in synthesis process. The reduction mechanism is based on the phytochemicals present in plant extract. In present work we synthesize silver nanoparticles by using Murraya Koenigii leaves through ecofriendly method. For synthesis of Silver nanoparticles, Silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) used as metal precursor salt and green extract of Murraya Koenigii used as reducing and capping agent for formation of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles then formed characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscope, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optical properties by UV-Visible spectroscopy. XRD revealed the crystalline structure of silver nanoparticles, FESEM and Dynamic light scattering reveled the particle size of 60 nm, FTIR revealed the presence of different functional groups which are attached with sample and Optical properties of sample revealed by UV-Visible spectroscopy that also satis ies different experimental results

Bilateral disc drusen in a diabetic patient simulating diabetic papillopathy as a cause of disc edema

Bilateral optic disc edema in a diabetic patient may be caused by diabetic papillopathy. We herein report on a patient with bilateral optic disc drusen simulating diabetic papillopathy. A 55-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes presented with decreased vision of 1-month. Diabetic papillopathy was initially considered as there was disc edema in both eyes with focal hemorrhages at the disc margin and mild visual loss. Ultrasound of the optic nerve head revealed optic disc drusen in both eyes and this was also confirmed by the control photograph. Optic nerve head drusen should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a diabetic patient presenting with disc edema

Treatment of unilateral zone I cytomegalovirus retinitis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia with oral valganciclovir and intravitreal ganciclovir

Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is an opportunistic infection seen in immunocompromised patients, especially suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is uncommonly seen in hematological malignancies and in patients on immunosuppressants. The authors present a 12-year-old girl with unilateral CMVR who was on maintenance phase therapy for mixed phenotype (B/myeloid) leukemia. Serology for human immunodeficiency virus was negative. The child was successfully treated with oral valganciclovir and repeated intravitreal ganciclovir injections. CMVR in pediatric population with leukemia can be successfully treated with oral valganciclovir and intravitreal ganciclovir injections