Design and Analysis of Plastic Fuel Tank for Three Wheeler CNG Passenger Vehicle

The current trend is to provide weight/strength effective and reliable products which satisfy the stringent requirements. The fuel tank is used in automobile industries to carry fuel and supply fuel to the engine via fuel filter, fuel pump. The aim of this project is to design plastic fuel tank for three wheeler vehicles. This study aimed at to make a new design of plastic fuel tank for three wheeler vehicles in order to reduce production cost of fuel tank and make most secure and safe fuel tank. The project involves geometry and finite element modeling of plastic fuel tank design. Study the existing fuel tank and then begins the attempt to make plastic fuel tank. Geometrical modeling was done using Pro-E; finite element modeling using Hyper mesh software and analysis was done using ANSYS software. Experimental test was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the plastic fuel tank. Result of static load analysis of the existing fuel tank and plastic fuel tank design is compared to prove the design is safe. Similarly experimental result of the existing fuel tank bracket and the plastic fuel tank bracket are compared to prove the design is safe. Plastic fuel tank design gives optimum design for same loading condition with huge amount of weight reduction. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15069

A critical review on Chardighna Eladi Churna

Eladi Churna is a poly herbal formulation which has wide variety of applications. Most of the pharmaceutical companies are manufacturing with respect to Varnya aspect, while the Chardighna Eladi Churna is sparely available in the market. In the rise of gastro-intestinal issues in the society, a potent formulation like Eladi Churna is expected by the common people to ward off their GIT ailments. There are total 11 Eladi Churna mentioned in Bharatha Bhaishajya Ratnakara. Different Granthas have varied ingredients in this formulation, and their therapeutic efficacies also differ depending upon condition of the patient and disease. Some Yogas even have mineral composition. Chardi is a Vata Pradhana Tridosha Vyadhi in which there will be an act of expulsion of gastric contents through the oral cavity. So, the drugs having properties of Pritvi and Ap Mahabhoota and Karmas like Stambhana, Ama Pachana, Deepana are needed to pacify the Chardi. An attempt is made here to give new insights on the synergic action of phytochemicals in Eladi Churna to revalidate the clinical evidences in the aspect of Chardi

Numerical Modelling of Flow Over Aerator of Orifice Spillway

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Bumper catch of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus at Satpati, Bombay

The article provies details about heavy catches of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus within a span of four days at Satpati, a fishing village in Thane District in Maharashtra during 1987

Comparative Performance of Mango Varieties Grafted on Vellaikolamban and Mixed Rootstock

Research on rootstock in mango is very limited in our country. Kalapady was reported to be a dwarfing rootstock. Recent trend among mango growers is to high density orcharding with dwarfening nature of the varietie. Efforts were made at Agriculture Research Station, Mulde, to study comparative performance of Ratna, Alphonso and Kesar mango on Vellaikolamban and mixed rootstock i.e., heterozygous seedling stock and the effect of rootstock on a scion under high density of 5m x 5m spacing. Results indicated that use of Vellaikolamban rootstock reduced plant volume in scion cv. Alphonso by 39.1%, followed by 24.9% in Ratna and 26.5% in cv. Kesar. As volume of the canopy was reduced, it directly influenced fruit yield cvs. Alphonso and Ratna. However, reduction in canopy volume had a positive influence on yield in cv. Kesar. Net returns of Rs.38,629/- per ha were maximum for Kesar with the rootstock Vellaikolamban

Plastic menace faced by fishers of Satpati, Maharashtra

Small conical stationary bag nets (Bokshi) are operated by artisanal fishers mostly in creeks, with strong tidal currents in certain regions of Maharashtra. The net is set using wooden pole (Khunt) driven at creek bottom against the flood or ebb tide. At Satpati, Bokshi nets are operated in the near shore creek for about 16 days in a month at a rate of 2 hauls per day. Here, fishermen are concerned about the increasing quantity of plastic debris entering their nets during fishing operations adversely affecting their livelihood

High Density Planting in Mango cv. Alphonso

A trial was conducted to optimize spacing for high density planting in mango cv. Alphonso to obtain higher yield/ unit area at the Agriculture Research Station, Mulde, during 2006-07 to 2008-09 with four close spacings and one normal spacing as control. Highest yield (6.4 MT/ha) was recorded with a spacing of 5 m x 5 m without reduction in fruit size in 10 year old plants compared to the mean yield of 1.12 MT/ha in 10m x 10m normal spacing. High density plantation helped to get significantly higher yield per unit area compared to the normal spacing, without affecting size and quality of mango fruits. The highest cost:benefit ratio (2.33) was recorded in high density plantation of 5m x 5m, with maximum net returns of Rs.1,12,000/- per hectare. The present findings show promise for more yield and returns per unit area during the initial years of mango plantation by adopting 5m x 5m high density planting

The morphology of lumbar sympathetic trunk in humans: a cadaveric study

The vasospastic diseases and chronic pain related to lower limb have been successfullytreated by surgical ablation of lumbar sympathetic trunk for last 80 years.Precise knowledge of anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk and its adjoiningstructures is mandatory for safe and uncomplicated lumbar and spinal surgeries.We aim to study the detailed anatomy of entry and exit of lumbar sympathetictrunk, the number, dimensions and location of lumbar ganglia in relation tolumbar vertebra. Thorough dissection was carried out in 30 formalin embalmedcadavers available in the Department of Anatomy, Pravara Institute of MedicalSciences (PIMS), Rural Medical College (RMC), Loni, Maharashtra. A total of238 ganglia were observed in 60 lumbar sympathetic trunks. The sympathetictrunk traversed dorsal to the crus of diaphragm in 72.6% and in 13.3% it entereddorsal to the medial arcuate ligament. The most common site of the location oflumbar ganglia was in relation to the second lumbar vertebra, sometimes extendingup to the L2–L3 vertebral disc. There was a medial shift of sympathetictrunk in lumbar region and it coursed over sacral promontory to reach the pelvicregion in 96% of specimens. These variations should be kept in mind in order toprevent hazardous complications like accidental avulsion of first lumbar gangliaand genitofemoral neuritis

The Tertiary sequence of Varkala coastal cliffs, southwestern India: An ideal site for Global Geopark

Varkala, along the southwestern coast of Peninsular India, has a unique place in Indian geology and geomorphology due to the presence of coastal lateritic cliffs, which exposes the entire Mio-Pliocene sequence of Warkalli Formation, and is declared as the type area. Stratigraphically, this formation exposes carbonaceous clay with lenses of lignite and sticks of marcasite, followed by variegated clays and sandstone. The presence of variegated lithounits endows beauty to these cliffs. Varkala cliffs, edging the Arabian Sea, run for a length of 7.5 km. These cliffs, together with confined beaches, made Varkala a popular tourist destination. Several geodiversity spots within the Varkala Cliff geoheritage site make Varkala geologically unique, just like the vestiges of the last separation of Indian subcontinent from the Mascarene Plateau; showcasing lateritization and distribution of beach placers, and jarosite, formed as a diagenetic replacement mineral from marcasite and considered as a Martian analog, are distinctiveness of the cliff. Additionally, Varkala is an internationally acclaimed beach tourist destination. Furthermore, there are several geoheritage sites as well as socio-cultural-historical sites in the hinterland of Varkala Cliff geoheritage site, which are within the proposed Varkala Global Geopark jurisdiction. Thus, this area fulfills all the criteria to be a Global Geopark. The socio-economic-environmental analysis showcases the changes that have occurred in these 3-end members. When the economic sphere was unaffected, the social scenario was slightly affected (25%) whereas the environmental aspect then drastically deteriorated by 75%. But, the SWOT analysis still elects Varkala as a potential Global Geopark. The concept of geopark contributes to at least one of the 17 goals in Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations (UN). Consequently, this work also aims at propagating, not only the need for converting the geologically prominent areas to a geopark, but also attaining SDG, whatever is possible through geoparks

Genetic Evaluation of Leucaena Genotypes in Bundelkhand Region of Central India

During the 1970s and 1980s, Leucaena was known as the “miracle tree” native to Central America and Mexico, because of its worldwide success as a long-lived and highly nutritious forage tree. It is estimated to cover 2-5 million ha area worldwide. The genus Leucaena is one of the most widely grown tropical fodder trees and is the subject of extensive research. This is mainly due to its long life span; high productivity even under regular defoliation; its adaptation to wide climatic and edaphic tolerances; excellent palatability and digestibility and many uses including wood for timber and fuel wood. The species possesses enormous wealth of variability and great potential for economic yield which attract the breeders in utilizing the species in hybridization. A logical way to start any breeding programme is to survey the variations present in the germplasm. Precise information on the nature and degree of genetic divergence in respect of important traits is a prerequisite for undertaking meaningful breeding programme towards the improvement and conservation of a species. Further an investigation into the nature and degree of divergence among populations will be useful in understanding the course of evolution and for classifying the tree population into groups based on the diversity, particularly when they are overlapping in one more characters. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate genetic divergence among different germplasm of genus Leucaena