Benefit of irrigation water transfers in the National River Linking Project: a case study of the Ken-Betwa link

River basin managementRiver basin developmentDevelopment projectsWater transferIrrigation waterCrop productionCrop managementLivestock

A Modified Source Impact Ionisation MOSFET (MS I-MOS) for Low Power and Fast Switching Digital Applications

This paper presents a two-dimensional (2D) modified source n-p-n impact ionisation MOSFET, called MS IMOS, to suppress the short channel effects and increase the oncurrent (ION) to off-current (IOFF) ratio. The proposed device is an n-p-n I-MOS on silicon on insulator (SOI), upon which a source engineering is performed. The proposed device inherits the characteristics of bipolar I-MOS, with the advantage of reduced floating body effect and the increased ION to IOFF ratio, it exhibits a lower operating voltage than that of earlier I-MOS structures. The reliability issues related to hot carrier injection in the gate oxide has also been addressed effectively in the proposed structure due to lower operating voltage

Suprasellar epidermoid cyst: a rare cause of painless progressive bilateral vision loss-case report with clinico-radiological correlation

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are relatively rare lesions. They result from inclusion of ectodermal elements during time of neural tube closure. This lesion could rarely be acquired due to post-surgical or post traumatic implantation of the ectodermal components. They typically present in middle age group patients with evidence of loco-regional mass effect on adjacent structures. We present a clinico-radiological case report of the 27-year-old female patient who presented with painless progressive bilateral vision loss for last 4 months

Photo-induced Structural Changes in Polyolefin-nanoclay Composite

The morphology of films prepared by melt-blending polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) withand without nanoclay was investigated after exposure to outdoor solar radiations for 45 days utilising manytechniques. The Raman spectra revealed decreased intensity for all the characteristic Raman bands for PP andPE. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed formation of hydroxyl/hydroperoxy and carbonylgroups in the exposed samples. The weathered films after 45 days of solar exposure became brittle as indicatedby loss in physical properties and the stress-strain curves. The clay-containing films showed higher strengthloss after solar exposure. The fractured ends of the exposed films showed flat, smooth, and sharp surfaces,indicative of brittle fracture, compared to the unexposed sample.Defence Science Journal, 2008, 58(6), pp.778-784, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.58.170

Biomass production, carbon sequestration and economics of on-farm poplar plantations in Punjab, India

Six years poplar plantations were assessed for productivity, carbon storage and economics in comparison to sole cropping. Wheat grain yield was significantly higher in control plots (4.55 t/ha) than boundary plantation (3.28 t/ha) and block plantation (2.03 t/ha). Similar trend was recorded for straw yield (6.61 t/ha in control plots, 4.83 t/ha in boundary plantation and 3.5 t/ha in block plantation. The boundary plantation produced higher DBH (24.23 cm) than the block plantation (19.71 cm). The crown spread itself followed the same trend but both the planting methods had almost similar plant height. However, the total tree biomass was higher with block plantation (96.31 t/ha) than boundary plantation (30.14 t/ha) but per tree biomass was more in boundary plantation than block plantation. The total carbon storage was higher in block planting method (55.43 t/ha) than in boundary plantation (32.70 t/ha) and lowest total carbon storage in sole cropping system (31.20 t/ha). The heat from biomass combustion and carbon storage from coal substituted of timber was also higher in the block plantation (18.67t C/ha) as compared with boundary plantation (4.43t C/ha). Agro forestry systems likely had a greater capacity to sequester C in the longterm than the annual cropping systems because of their diverse configurations. The economic benefits were also higher in block plantation than boundary and sole cropping of rice-wheat (B : C ratio of 3.30, 1.90 and 1.61, respectively). Adoption of on-farm poplar plantations will develop new opportunities for enhanced income in addition to employment and environmental amelioration

Neutral Current induced π0\pi^0 production and neutrino magnetic moment

We have studied the total cross section, $Q^2$, momentum and angular distributions for pions in the $\nu$($\bar \nu$) induced $\pi^0$ production from nucleons. The calculations have been done for the weak production induced by the neutral current in the standard model and the electromagnetic production induced by neutrino magnetic moment. It has been found that with the present experimental limits on the muon neutrino magnetic moment $\mu_{\nu_\mu}$, the electromagnetic contribution to the cross section for the $\pi^0$ production is small. The neutrino induced neutral current production of $\pi^{0}$, while giving an alternative method to study the magnetic moment of neutrino $\mu_{\nu_\mu}$, does not provide any improvement over the present experimental limit on $\mu_{\nu_\mu}$ from the observation of this process in future experiments at T2K and NO$\nu$A.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Curious case of corpus callosal hematoma in a normotensive post-partum female patient: a case report of reversible post-partum angiopathy with clinico-radiological correlation

Postpartum cerebral angiopathy (PCA) is a rare cause of stroke in the puerperium. It usually presents with episodes of headache, seizures and neurological deficits in early post-partum period in normotensive females. CT, MRI and catheter angiography may demonstrate segmental vasoconstriction that often resolves spontaneously. PPA is generally regarded as a benign, non-relapsing and reversible disease process. We present a clinico-radiological correlative case of isolated corpus callosal hematoma in a post-partum normotensive female with evidence of intracranial vascular spasm and luminal irregularity on CT and catheter angiography. Follow up MR angiography showed resolution of the vasospasm and luminal irregularity. Patient was managed conservatively and showed resolution of the symptoms in follow up visit on 8th week.