Self Esteem of Shy and Emotional Students at Elementary Level

The aim of this research was to realize the self esteem of shy and emotional students at elementary level. The study was descriptive in nature and survey research technique was used to investigate the self esteem of shy and emotional students as reported by the teachers and students. All the teachers and students of Govt and private schools of specific district were the population of the study. Questionnaire was used as research instrument. The instrument of the study was “Self Esteem of Children Questionnaire” having nine sub scales. After the data collection, the data was entered in SPSS. The data was analyzed by using frequency analysis, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent sample t-test, correlation & descriptive analysis. It is concluded that the maximum mean difference exists between the opinion about me and feelings of the children. The minimum mean difference exists of anxieties between about me and participation during classroom discussion. The study recommended that the school should provide extra curricular activities to students especially for shy and emotional students for development their positive self esteem. The teachers and parents should provide the educational, vocational and psychological guidance for the betterment of self esteem of shy and emotional children’s. Keywords: Self Esteem (SE), Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), Intelligent Quotient (IQ), Elementary, Emotional, Shy, Students

A Study of Job Satisfaction among Female Teachers at College Level

This study investigates how organizational justice affects employee’s job satisfaction among female teachers at college level. This research is consisted of female college teachers & selected conveniently from Women Degree Colleges of Lahore city. This study is useful for administrators; teachers and researchers for the betterment of job satisfaction of their job. It is a descriptive type of research. The population of this study was the female teachers of Women Degree College of Lahore city. The Sample of the study was consisted of 93 female teachers, selected conveniently from four women degree colleges of Lahore city. For the purposes of the study, the sample was selected on the basis of convenient sampling technique. The questionnaire was prepared for measuring the job satisfaction in the opinions of female teachers at college level. The data was collected from the related teachers. After the data collection, whole data was arranged and analyzed by using SPSS in terms of mean and Standard Deviation. Which shows that the most of the teachers were satisfied with many aspects of their profession but in some aspects they were dissatisfied? The study recommends certain measures, for the entire satisfaction of college teachers. Teachers should be encouraged from their heads for doing work. The successful teachers showing good results in their subjects and consequently, there should be an incentive for teachers to show satisfaction of their job/ work assignment. Keywords: Profession, Job Satisfaction, Female Teachers, College.

Effect of Child Abuse on Child’s Health and Development

Child abuse is a social evil that cast disasters effects on mental and social development of children. In this study a quantitative approach is used to investigate the effect of child abuse on child health and mental development. In most of case child abuse is reported by the teachers and teachers have direct link with evils of child abuse and their causes. Research questionnaires were developed for random sampling and collection of data including emotional abuse, sexual abuse and physical abuse.  The proceeding and analyzing of data is made through statistical approach using frequency analysis, co-relation and t- test etc. After analyzing the data it is found through reporting of teacher that most of children are sexually abuse out of their houses at night by strangers, which shows poor social development. It is also found that teachers are qualified and well aware about child abuse through series of experience

A Study of Social Development of Children at Elementary Level

The aim of the present study is to find out the social development of children at elementary level. This study was descriptive in nature and survey type research technique was used to investigate the “Social Development (SD)” of children at basic level.  All the teachers, parents and students of private and government schools of specific district were the population of the study. The convenient sampling strategy was used for sample selection. The sample size of the research was 100 students, 50 teachers and 50 parents. The quantitative approaches were used for data collection. The questionnaire was used as research instrument. The instrument of the study was “social development of children questionnaire” having seven sub scales. After the data collection, the data was entered in SPSS.  The data was analyzed by using frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, mean analysis and percentage analysis. The study concluded that children at elementary level have friendly relationship with their family members. The children take part in social activities. The study, recommended that the teachers should motivate the students to come to school regularly. The teachers should recognize the abilities of everyone without having any limited view in mind. The parents should give importance to their children’s opinions

Measuring the impact of empowerment on job satisfaction among the Middle Level managers of JVC Descon Lahore

This study attempts to check the impact of empowering employees on job satisfaction amongmiddle level managers of JVC Descon, Lahore, Pakistan. The aim is to measure level of employee empowerment , level of job satisfaction and to test the relationship between employee empowerment and job satisfaction. To check the reliability and validity of the questionnaire as a research instrument,statistical tests were performed. At data analysis stage, statistical tests including Kendall’s Tau-B, Tau-C, Gamma and Sommer’s Ds were used. Data for this study was collected from middle level managers of JVC Descon through e-mailing questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed to them and later filled ones received back through email. Sixty questionnaires were distributed and 52 questionnaires, with 86.6% response rate, were received back. Theresults of this study show that middle level managers of JVC Descon are more satisfied with their job as a result of granting them more empowerment to them. Key words: employee empowerment, job satisfaction, employee behavior, freedom of work 

Role of Principals' Motivational Strategies and Performance of Elementary Schools Teachers Regarding their Academic Qualification

School heads used techniques of motivation for increasing the performance of teachers in teaching learning process. Head teachers encourage teachers to perform their duties devotedly by using different techniques. This study aimed  to find  the effect of  principals' motivational strategies on the performance of teachers on the basis of  their academic qualifications. All elementary  teachers working in  60 public schools of district Sheikhpura were the population of the study. Six hundred  elementary teachers were selected for sample  by using the technique of cluster random sampling. The study was  conducted to examine the effect of motivational techniques  used by schools'  principals  to develop  performance of  teachers on the basis of  their academic qualification . A   standardized research instrument as questionnaire was comprised of 48 items  from eight  most important techniques of motivation. Data of statistical analysis showed  significant difference  exist among  factors such as appreciation, recognition, performance appraisal, monetary benefits and rewards and  promotion.  It is recommended that heads may offer award and gifts to teachers for developing their  performance in academic activities

Cultural Problem Being Faced By International Students in the University of the Punjab

The aim of this research is to identify the “cultural problems being faced by international students studying in the University of the Punjab.” It was descriptive in nature and survey research technique was use to identify the Cultural problems being faced by the said students. All international students of university of the Punjab were population of the study, random sampling strategy was used for sample selection. The sample size of the research was 40 international students, which were 50% of total population. The quantitative approaches were used for data collection. Questionnaire was used as research instrument. After the data collection, the data were entered in SPSS for study and analyzed using ANOVA test, sample t-test, frequency analysis, graphic investigation.&nbsp

Contextual Analysis of Current Media Governance & Policies in Pakistan

This paper raises concerns regarding the role of PEMRA and the rulesgoverning the content on Pakistani television. The paper aims toidentify the different phenomena which have become common placein the Pakistani media these days. In the later section, it tries to isolateand discuss the historical development of the adopted westerncultural ideals, which author's argue led to these phenomena

1,3-Diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde

There are four mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C16H12N2O. The dihedral angle between the phenyl rings in the mol­ecules are 22.2 (2), 22.4 (2), 25.1 (3) and 41.9 (2)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules form dimers due to inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which result in one R 2 2(10) and two R 2 1(7) ring motifs. Weak aromatic π–π stacking [centroid–centroid separation = 3.788 (3) Å] and C—H⋯π inter­actions may also consolidate the packing

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs