691 research outputs found
Electrochemical approach of Kalmegh leaf extract on the corrosion behavior of aluminium alloy in alkaline solution
Effect of compact density and preheating temperature of the Al-Ti-C Preform on the fabrication of in-situ Mg–TiC composites
Magnesium reinforced in-situ TiC particulates was successfully synthesized utilizing the self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) process .The result showed that preform temperature and compact density have a significant effect on the SHS reaction. When the compact density was 68 % of the theoretical density, no SHS reaction was observed. However, with an increase in density from 68 to 72 %, the successful thermal explosion reaction was observed in the Mg- melt. Besides, the effect of pre-heat temperature on the fabrication of Mg/TiC composite was extensively studied and it was found that the preheat temperature of 300 0C failed to give rise to SHS reaction. However, the increased pre-heat temperature of 450, 500 and 550 0C favors the reaction inside the liquid melt, but when the temperature is 600 0C, the ignition reaction occurred in the preheating furnace itself
Genetic Affinities of the Central Indian Tribal Populations
Background: The central Indian state Madhya Pradesh is often called as ‘heart of India ’ and has always been an important region functioning as a trinexus belt for three major language families (Indo-European, Dravidian and Austroasiatic). There are less detailed genetic studies on the populations inhabited in this region. Therefore, this study is an attempt for extensive characterization of genetic ancestries of three tribal populations, namely; Bharia, Bhil and Sahariya, inhabiting this region using haploid and diploid DNA markers. Methodology/Principal Findings: Mitochondrial DNA analysis showed high diversity, including some of the older sublineages of M haplogroup and prominent R lineages in all the three tribes. Y-chromosomal biallelic markers revealed high frequency of Austroasiatic-specific M95-O2a haplogroup in Bharia and Sahariya, M82-H1a in Bhil and M17-R1a in Bhil and Sahariya. The results obtained by haploid as well as diploid genetic markers revealed strong genetic affinity of Bharia (a Dravidian speaking tribe) with the Austroasiatic (Munda) group. The gene flow from Austroasiatic group is further confirmed by their Y-STRs haplotype sharing analysis, where we determined their founder haplotype from the North Munda speaking tribe, while, autosomal analysis was largely in concordant with the haploid DNA results. Conclusions/Significance: Bhil exhibited largely Indo-European specific ancestry, while Sahariya and Bharia showed admixed genetic package of Indo-European and Austroasiatic populations. Hence, in a landscape like India, linguistic labe
Effectiveness of Vegetative Filter Strips in Controlling Losses of Surface-Applied Poultry Litter Constituents
Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to have high potential for reducing nonpoint source pollution from cultivated agricultural source areas, but information from uncultivated source areas amended with poultry litter is limited. Simulated rainfall was used in analyzing effects of VFS length (0, 3.1, 6.1, 9.2, 15.2, and 21.4 m) on quality of runoff from fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plots (1.5 x 24.4 m) amended with poultry litter (5 Mg/ha). The VFS reduced mass transport of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ortho-phosphorus (PO4-P), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS). Mass transport of TKN, NH3-N, TP, and PO4-P were reduced by averages of 39, 47, 40, and 39%, respectively, by 3.1 m VFS and by 81, 98, 91, and 90%, respectively, by 21.4 m VFS. Effectiveness of VFS in terms of mass transport reduction was unchanged, however, beyond 3.1 m length for TSS and COD and averaged 35 and 51%, respectively. The VFS were ineffective in removing nitrate-nitrogen from the incoming runoff. Removal of litter constituents was described very well (r2 = 0.70 to 0.94) by a first-order relationship between constituent removal and VFS length
Directing Monolayer Tungsten Disulfide Photoluminescence using a Bent Plasmonic Nanowire on a Mirror Cavity
Designing directional optical antennas without compromising the field
enhancement requires specially designed optical cavities. Herein, we report on
the experimental observations of directional photoluminescence emission from a
monolayer Tungsten Disulfide using a bent-plasmonic nanowire on a mirror
cavity. The geometry provides field enhancement and directivity to
photoluminescence by sandwiching the monolayer between an extended cavity
formed by dropcasting bent silver nanowire and a gold mirror. We image the
photoluminescence emission wavevectors by using the Fourier plane imaging
technique. The cavity out-couples the emission in a narrow range of wavevectors
with a radial and azimuthal spreading of only 11.0{\deg} and 25.1{\deg},
respectively. Furthermore, we performed three dimensional finite difference
time domain based numerical calculations to corroborate and understand the
experimental results. We envisage that the results presented here will be
readily harnessed for on-chip coupling applications and in designing inelastic
optical antennas
Directional emission from WS2 monolayer coupled to plasmonic Nanowire-on-Mirror Cavity
Influencing spectral and directional features of exciton emission
characteristics from 2D transition metal dichalcogenides by coupling it to
plasmonic nano-cavities has emerged as an important prospect in nanophotonics
of 2D materials. In this paper we experimentally study the directional
photoluminescence emission from Tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer sandwiched
between a single-crystalline plasmonic silver nanowire (AgNW) waveguide and a
gold (Au) mirror, thus forming an AgNW-WS2-Au cavity. By employing
polarization-resolved Fourier plane optical microscopy, we quantify the
directional emission characteristics from the distal end of the AgNW-WS2-Au
cavity. Given that our geometry simultaneously facilitates local field
enhancement and waveguiding capability, we envisage its utility in 2D
material-based, on-chip nanophotonic signal processing, including nonlinear and
quantum optical regimes.Comment: To appear in Advanced Photonics Research (2021
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