Transverse Momentum Distribution and Elliptic Flow of Charged Hadrons in UU+UU collisions at sNN=193\sqrt{s_{NN}}=193 GeV using HYDJET++

Recent experimental observations of the charged hadron properties in $U+U$ collisions at $193$ GeV contradict many of the theoretical models of particle production including two-component Monte Carlo Glauber model. The experimental results show a small correlation between the charged hadron properties and the initial geometrical configurations (e.g. body-body, tip-tip etc.) of $U+U$ collisions. In this article, we have modified the Monte Carlo HYDJET++ model to study the charged hadron production in $U+U$ collisions at $193$ GeV center-of-mass energy in tip-tip and body-body initial configurations. We have modified the hard as well as soft production processes to make this model suitable for $U+U$ collisions. We have calculated the pseudorapidity distribution, transverse momentum distribution and elliptic flow distribution of charged hadrons with different control parameters in various geometrical configurations possible for $U+U$ collision. We find that HYDJET++ model supports a small correlation between the various properties of charged hadrons and the initial geometrical configurations of $U+U$ collision. Further, the results obtained in modified HYDJET++ model regarding $dn_{ch}/d\eta$ and elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) suitably matches with the experimental data of $U+U$ collisions in minimum bias configuration.Comment: 29 pages, 25 figures. Accepted for Publication in EPJ

QUASI-CONFORMAL CURVATURE TENSOR OF GENERALIZED SASAKIAN-SPACE-FORMS

The present paper deals the study of generalised Sasakian-space-forms with the conditions Cq(ξ,X).S = 0, Cq(ξ,X).R = 0 and Cq(ξ,X).Cq = 0, where R, S and Cq denote Riemannian curvature tensor, Ricci tensor and quasi-conformal curvature tensor of the space-form, respectively and at last, we have given some examples to improve our results

Comprehensive Analysis and Review of Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques and Inventory System

The main aim of this study work is to discuss the applications of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Techniques and inventory system in engineering and science. Holding and dealing with of a stock item is one of the crucial work for minimum cost and the control running of any commercial enterprise corporation to be it a five-star hotel, a publication house, a production enterprise or a hospital. PSO has numerous application in the area of commercial enterprise and industries. Inventories constitute a huge part of the entire belongings of a corporation, and enormous attempt is needed to manipulate the inventories. In the provision of very restrained assets in nations like India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, etc., then an obligation of usage of assets with the most efficient way need to be prioritized. Therefore, the control of the substances and stock manipulate play an essential position with the control of productivity. It is hoped that this discussion would be important for researchers using PSO with inventory control

Development of Fuzzy Inventory Model under Decreasing Demand and increasing Deterioration Rate

This research study proposed an inventory model with both the time varying variable deterioration and demand rate under the fuzzy environment. Fuzzy set theory is generally consider with imprecision and uncertainty nature of quantitative coefficients. In this system, we assumed the linearly increasing and decreasing function of time  for deterioration and demand respectively. In this research work, we discuss a fuzzy inventory model solving by signed distance method where demand follow time varying.&nbsp

Event by Event Analysis of High Multiplicity Events Produced in 158 A GeV/c 208 Pb- 208 Pb Collisions

An extensive analysis of individual high multiplicity events produced in 158 A GeV /c 208Pb- 208Pb collisions is carried by adopting different methods to examine the anomalous behavior of these rare events. A method of selecting the events with densely populated narrow regions or spikes out of a given sample of collision events is discussed.Employing this approach two events with large spikes in their eta- and phi- distributions are selected for further analysis. For the sake of comparison, another two events which do not exhibit such spikes are simultaneously analyzed. The findings suggest that the systematic studies of particle density fluctuations in one- and two-dimensional phase-spaces and comparison with those obtained from the studies of correlation free Monte Carlo events, would be useful for identifying the events with large dynamical fluctuations. Formation of clusters or jet like phenomena in multihadronic final states in individual events is also discussed and the experimental findings are compared with the independent particle emission hypothesis by carrying out Monte Carlo simulations

Universal Freezeout Condition for Charged Hadrons in a Hybrid Approach

Hadronic freezeout during the evolution of the medium created in heavy-ion collisions is an important phenomena. It is quite useful to find a universal freezeout condition for each and every nuclear collisions. In this article, we have constructed a hybrid model to calculate the ratio of transverse energy to total mean multiplicity $E_{T} /N_{ch}$, since this ratio can possibly act as a freezeout condition in heavy-ion collision experiments. Present hybrid model blends two approaches : Tsallis statistics and wounded quark approach. Recently, Tsallis statistics has been reliably used to obtain the transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons produced in relativistic ion collisions. On the other side it has been shown that the pseudorapidity distribution of charged hadrons can be calculated satisfactorily using the wounded quark model (WQM). We have used this hybrid model to calculate the transverse energy density distributions, $dE_{T}/d\eta$ at midrapidity using charged particle pseudorapidity distributions, $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ and mean transverse momentum $\langle p_{T} \rangle$ in various type of nuclear collisions. We found that present hybrid model satisfactorily explains the experimental data whether other models fail to reproduce the data at central and at peripheral collisions simultaneously. Finally, ratio of transverse energy to total mean multiplicity, $E_{T} /N_{ch}$ has been computed within hybrid model and compared with the available experimental data at RHIC and LHC energies. We observed no explicit dependence of $E_{T} /N_{ch}$ on energy as well as centrality and thus it can definitely act as a freezeout criteria.Comment: 27 pages, 18 figures, 2 Tables, Accepted in EPJ