16,881 research outputs found
Elastic-plastic Contact of a Deformable Sphere Against a Rigid Flat for Varying Material Properties Under Full Stick Contact Condition
The present study considers finite element based contact analysis of an elastic-plastic axisymmetric hemisphere using ANSYS to study the effect of material properties under full stick contact condition. Results are compared with previous elastic-plastic models for perfect slip and full stick contact conditions. It is found that materials with modulus of elasticity to yield strength (E/Y) ratio less than and greater than 300 show strikingly different contact behavior. When E/Y ratio is less than 300, contact load increases with the increase in modulus of elasticity whereas in elastic-plastic range, contact load decreases with the increase in yield strength
Hyperon bulk viscosity in the presence of antikaon condensate
We investigate the hyperon bulk viscosity due to the non-leptonic process in condensed matter and its effect
on the r-mode instability in neutron stars. We find that the hyperon bulk
viscosity coefficient in the presence of antikaon condensate is suppressed
compared with the case without the condensate. The suppressed hyperon bulk
viscosity in the superconducting phase is still an efficient mechanism to damp
the r-mode instability in neutron stars.Comment: AASTeX; 21 pages including 5 figures; change in the title and
replaced by the revised versio
Dynamics of Fluctuation Dominated Phase Ordering: Hard-core Passive Sliders on a Fluctuating Surface
We study the dynamics of a system of hard-core particles sliding downwards on
a one dimensional fluctuating interface, which in a special case can be mapped
to the problem of a passive scalar advected by a Burgers fluid. Driven by the
surface fluctuations, the particles show a tendency to cluster, but the
hard-core interaction prevents collapse. We use numerical simulations to
measure the auto-correlation function in steady state and in the aging regime,
and space-time correlation functions in steady state. We have also calculated
these quantities analytically in a related surface model. The steady state
auto-correlation is a scaling function of t/L^z, where L is the system size and
z the dynamic exponent. Starting from a finite intercept, the scaling function
decays with a cusp, in the small argument limit. The finite value of the
intercept indicates the existence of long range order in the system. The
space-time correlation, which is a function of r/L and t/L^z, is non-monotonic
in t for fixed r. The aging auto-correlation is a scaling function of t_1 and
t_2 where t_1 is the waiting time and t_2 the time difference. This scaling
function decays as a power law for t_2 \gg t_1; for t_1 \gg t_2, it decays with
a cusp as in steady state. To reconcile the occurrence of strong fluctuations
in the steady state with the fact of an ordered state, we measured the
distribution function of the length of the largest cluster. This shows that
fluctuations never destroy ordering, but rather the system meanders from one
ordered configuration to another on a relatively rapid time scale
Sub-Milliarcsecond Precision of Pulsar Motions: Using In-Beam Calibrators with the VLBA
We present Very Long Baseline Array phase-referenced measurements of the
parallax and proper motion of two pulsars, B0919+06 and B1857-26.
Sub-milliarcsecond positional accuracy was obtained by simultaneously observing
a weak calibrator source within the 40' field of view of the VLBA at 1.5 GHz.
We discuss the merits of using weak close calibrator sources for VLBI
observations at low frequencies, and outline a method of observation and data
reduction for these type of measurements. For the pulsar B1919+06 we measure a
parallax of 0.31 +/- 0.14 mas. The accuracy of the proper motions is
approximately 0.5 mas, an order of magnitude improvement over most previous
determinations.Comment: 11 pages plus 4 figures. In press, Astronomical Journa
Non-Zero Sum Games for Reactive Synthesis
In this invited contribution, we summarize new solution concepts useful for
the synthesis of reactive systems that we have introduced in several recent
publications. These solution concepts are developed in the context of non-zero
sum games played on graphs. They are part of the contributions obtained in the
inVEST project funded by the European Research Council.Comment: LATA'16 invited pape
Measurement and Compensation of Horizontal Crabbing at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring Test Accelerator
In storage rings, horizontal dispersion in the rf cavities introduces
horizontal-longitudinal (xz) coupling, contributing to beam tilt in the xz
plane. This coupling can be characterized by a "crabbing" dispersion term
{\zeta}a that appears in the normal mode decomposition of the 1-turn transfer
matrix. {\zeta}a is proportional to the rf cavity voltage and the horizontal
dispersion in the cavity. We report experiments at the Cornell Electron Storage
Ring Test Accelerator (CesrTA) where xz coupling was explored using three
lattices with distinct crabbing properties. We characterize the xz coupling for
each case by measuring the horizontal projection of the beam with a beam size
monitor. The three lattice configurations correspond to a) 16 mrad xz tilt at
the beam size monitor source point, b) compensation of the {\zeta}a introduced
by one of two pairs of RF cavities with the second, and c) zero dispersion in
RF cavities, eliminating {\zeta}a entirely. Additionally, intrabeam scattering
(IBS) is evident in our measurements of beam size vs. rf voltage.Comment: 5 figures, 10 page
Collaboration in museums and health research
This study reflects on the range of collaborations in two distinct but thematically linked UCL research projects which consider the role of culture in health promotion: Museums on Prescription (2014â2017), in partnership with Canterbury Christ Church University, explores the value of heritage encounters in social prescribing for lonely older adults at risk of social isolation; and Not So Grim Up North (2016â2018), in conjunction with Whitworth Art Gallery, University of Manchester and Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums, investigates the health and wellbeing impacts of museum activities for stroke survivors; older adults with dementia; and mental health and addiction recovery service-users. Both projects employ a mixed-methods approach using quantitative and qualitative data. The research projects have been developed and delivered through collaborations between interdisciplinary university researchers, museum practitioners, health and social care professionals and end-users. Collaboration has taken different forms including co-developing evaluation methods, co-disseminating outputs, and through advisory boards. This study reflects on the opportunities and challenges of collaboration, noting the language and practice dissonance across different fields and the importance of finding common ground. It also highlights the considerable amount of time that is required to build genuine collaborative relationships, which is not often acknowledged in research outputs
Bow Shocks from Neutron Stars: Scaling Laws and HST Observations of the Guitar Nebula
The interaction of high-velocity neutron stars with the interstellar medium
produces bow shock nebulae, where the relativistic neutron star wind is
confined by ram pressure. We present multi-wavelength observations of the
Guitar Nebula, including narrow-band H-alpha imaging with HST/WFPC2, which
resolves the head of the bow shock. The HST observations are used to fit for
the inclination of the pulsar velocity vector to the line of sight, and to
determine the combination of spindown energy loss, velocity, and ambient
density that sets the scale of the bow shock. We find that the velocity vector
is most likely in the plane of the sky. We use the Guitar Nebula and other
observed neutron star bow shocks to test scaling laws for their size and
H-alpha emission, discuss their prevalence, and present criteria for their
detectability in targeted searches. The set of H-alpha bow shocks shows
remarkable consistency, in spite of the expected variation in ambient densities
and orientations. Together, they support the assumption that a pulsar's
spindown energy losses are carried away by a relativistic wind that is
indistinguishable from being isotropic. Comparison of H-alpha bow shocks with
X-ray and nonthermal, radio-synchrotron bow shocks produced by neutron stars
indicates that the overall shape and scaling is consistent with the same
physics. It also appears that nonthermal radio emission and H-alpha emission
are mutually exclusive in the known objects and perhaps in all objects.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures (3 degraded), submitted to ApJ; minor revisions
and updates in response to referee report. (AASTeX, includes emulateapj5 and
onecolfloat5.
Codeposition of nanocrystalline aluminides on a copper substrate
The present study concerns codeposition of nanocrystalline aluminide particles (NbAl3 and Cu9Al4) along with electrodeposition of Cu on a Cu substrate. It is shown that the success of codeposition primarily depends on the selection of an appropriate electrolyte. Following codeposition under an optimum deposition condition, the microstructure, phase identity and composition of the deposit layer have been studied. In addition, microhardness and electrical resistivity of the deposit have been determined. A suitable correlation of the microstructure and composition of the deposit with its properties suggests that codeposition of NbAl3 is more effective in enhancing the hardness. However, codeposition beyond a limit adversely affects the electrical conductivity. The optimum conditions for codeposition to enhance hardness without adversely affecting conductivity have been determined. Finally, it is predicted codeposition could be a suitable technique for developing a surface composite microstructure with uniform distribution of nanocrystalline aluminide particles
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