School Community Empowerment Program for Conservation of Riparian Vegetation around the Bedog River in Godean, Sleman

Due to the increasingly intensive interaction between humans and the river, the riparian vegetation conservation program was implemented to keep the Bedog River sustainable. This program aims to provide awareness and a good understanding of the dynamic balance between human life and the river environment, especially the conservation of riparian vegetation as a river key system that can be done. To achieve these aims, three approaches were implemented, i.e.: 1) empowering SMPIT Alam Nurul Islam Yogyakarta as a pioneer of the school community concern in the conservation of riparian vegetation by forming a "riparian class" equipped with learning modules for practising plant identification and research on vegetation profile analysis, 2) disseminating the conservation of riparian vegetation concept through the introduction of river bio-monitoring method for students and group activities by cleaning out the trash while doing outbound in the Bedog River, and 3) the involvement of all parties in the conservation of riparian vegetation by holding several focus group discussions with teachers and communities around the Bedog River. As an outcome, ESD-based learning on the conservation of riparian vegetation is included in the Biology Subject at SMPIT Alam Nurul Islam Yogyakarta, particularly in practical work. Then, every time a school outbound activity is held on the Bedog River, it is always accompanied by a trash clean-up activity. Also, there are efforts to use the communal land next to the school as an educational forest along with riparian vegetation conservation land

The assessment of genetic variability and taxonomic affinity of local pummelo accessions from Yogyakarta, Indonesia based on RAPD

Pummelo (Citrus maxima) is one of three biotypes considered as true species within the genus Citrus. A major issue of pummelo taxonomy in Indonesia is the high number of cultivars showing variability in phenotypic characters but of unknown genetic diversity. In this study, the assessment of genetic variability and taxonomic affi nity of local accessions of C. maxima from Yogyakarta was examined based on RAPD fi ngerprinting. The availability of universal primers and technical simplicity makes RAPD as a molecular tool of choice for the assessment of genetic variability at various taxonomic levels. In this study, 13 accessions of C. maxima collected from Yogyakarta were observed for their genetic variability. An additional three registered cultivars were included for comparative purpose. Two decamer primers used for the amplifi cation of DNA produced 222 bands with 174 of them were polymorphic. The data was subjected to cluster analysis to observe the grouping of accessions and taxonomic affi nity. Results indicated high genetic variability among accessions. The dendrogram constructed using UPGMA method based on simple matching coeffi cient showed two main clusters were which was in line to morphological characters. The grouping of accessions showed clear differentiation between accessions bearing white and those with reddish fruit fl esh, and thus demonstrates taxonomic value of this study in recognizing important agronomic character for this tropical fruit crop

Ulva lactuca Linnaeus Potentially Promotes Reproductive Indices and Depressive-like Behavior of Hypertriglyceridemia Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769)

Excessive consumption of fatty foods can lead to hyperlipidemia, which is often coupled with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), a condition where blood plasma triglyceride (TG) levels elevated beyond normal levels. This condition may disturb physiological functions of the body, such as reproductive functions, and other physiological imbalances leading to chronic stress and depression. Ulva lactuca is a potential natural treatment for HTG, as it contains various nutrients to aid physiological functions. This seaweed also has high levels of Cd, which can increase depression. Therefore, research on the potential benefits of U. lactuca should be followed by an investigation of its health risks. This research aimed to examine the effects of HTG and treatment with U. lactuca on reproduction and depressive-like behavior of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769). The data collected in this research include body weight, serum TG concentration, gonadosomatic index (GSI), serum testosterone concentration using competitive ELISA, and depressive-like behaviors assessed using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Open Field Test (OFT). Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by DMRT, independent- and paired-samples t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test with a significance value of α=0.05. Body weight, serum TG and testosterone concentration, GSI, and depressive-like behaviors were increased by the HTG condition. Ulva lactuca at the1500 mg/kg BW/day did not significantly affect body weight, testosterone concentration, and depressive-like behaviors of HTG rats. Meanwhile, this treatment significantly increased the GSI and depressive-like behaviors of healthy rats. These results suggest that Ulva lactuca treatment not only enhances gonad growth and development but also increases depressive-like behaviors

Genetic diversity of eight maize (Zea mays) cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara (Indonesia) based on inter simple sequence repeat markers

East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is one of Indonesia's island that has many local maize cultivars. However, existence of this local corn is threatened by the presence of high-yielding maize seeds. Therefore, characterization of local maize cultivars using molecular marker is needed to conserve the germplasm. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of local maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) from East Nusa Tenggara based on ISSR markers. This research used eight local maize cultivars (Watar Ohaq, Watar Puluq, Wata Bura, Wata Kuma, Wata Bunga, Pena Muti, Boti Pulut, and Latun Wara). Young leaves of maize were used for DNA isolation. Total genomic DNA was isolated using Genomic DNA Mini Kit for Plant (Geneaid). DNA was then amplified using 5 ISSR molecular markers (ISSR-807, ISSR-808, UBC-809, UBC-811, UBC-834). DNA band profiles were scored based on the presence or absence of bands. Genetic variability was analyzed based on the UPGMA method using the MVSP ver application. 3.1. Local maize from NTT has high genetic diversity (similarity index between 0.29-0.65). Local maize cultivars were separated into two main clusters at a similarity index of 0.43 and the grouping pattern was not influenced by the geographic location of local maize origin

Genetic variability and phylogenetic relationships of Begonia multangula based on atpB-rbcL non-coding spacer of cpDNA sequences

Begonia multangula (Begoniaceae) belongs to Section Platycentrum-Sphenanthera Group which has a wide distribution from Sumatra to the Lesser Sunda Islands and Sulawesi. Information on B. multangula genetic variability and intraspecies relationships based on molecular characters is critical for developing appropriate strategies in conservation biology, breeding activities, and many other applied fields. The genetic variability and phylogenetic relationships of B. multangula in Indonesia were investigated using sequence data from the atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer (IGS) cpDNA regions. The atpB-rbcL IGS fragment was amplified using atpB-1 as the forward primer and rbcL-1 as the reversed primer. Genetic variations were found in the length of the sequence and nucleotide divergences in the atpB-rbcL IGS region. The genetic distance between 822 fixed sites ranged from 0 to 0.61 %. Eighteen of the 822 sites (99.27 %) analyzed were invariable, six sites (0.73%) were variable consisting of four singleton variable sites and two parsimony informative sites, and twelve sites were gaps. The phylogenetic relationships generated by B. multangula based on the atpB-rbcL IGS sequence analysis indicated the genetic variation and divided it into two clades. However, the clustering pattern of B. multangula specimens resulting from molecular analysis based on atpB-rbcL IGS sequences did not show the geographic clustering grouping pattern. © 2022, Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KOMPOSISI SPESIES MAKROALGA LAUT PADA TIPOLOGI PANTAI YANG BERBEDA DI KAWASAN PESISIR GUNUNGKIDUL D.I. YOGYAKARTA

Makroalga laut merupakan alga makroskopis yang dapat dijumpai di daerah intertidal kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul D.I. Yogyakarta, terdiri dari makroalga hijau (Chlorophyceae), coklat (Phaeophyceae), dan merah (Florideophyceae). Kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul terdiri dari deretan pantai dengan berbagai tipologi sehingga keanekaragaman jenis makroalga lautnya akan berbeda pada tipologi pantai yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies makroalga laut pada tipologi pantai yang berbeda di kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul D.I. Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan September 2019 hingga Februari 2020 menggunakan metode purposive sampling, kemudian dilakukan pengawetan awetan basah dan identifikasi di Laboratorium Sistematika Tumuhan Fakultas Biologi UGM. Perbandingan komposisi spesies dianalisis berdasarkan Indeks Kesamaan Sorensen. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan 37 spesies yang tergolong kedalam 28 genus, 19 family dan 10 ordo, Makroalga laut di wilayah pesisir Gunungkidul di dominasi oleh kelas Florideophyceae dengan persentase kehadiran spesies 43,37% (18 spesies); kelas Chlorophyceae 28,95% (10 spesies); dan Phaeophyceae 23,68% (9 spesies). Komposisi spesies makroalga laut di kawasan pesisir Gunungkidul memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang tinggi (>0,5) walaupun hidup di tipologi pantai yang berbeda. Persamaan tertinggi ditemukan pada makroalga laut yang hidup di pantai dengan tipologi subaerial dan marine deposition coast.

Macroalgae diversity at Porok Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the world's richest nations in terms of its biodiversity. One of the biological resources that has an important role in marine life is macroalgae. As a primary producer, macroalgae play an important role in the coastal environment. Porok Beach is a beach in the Gunungkidul district of Yogyakarta, Java Island, Indonesia. Porok beach is dominated by a rocky substrate, which would be the ideal substrate for macroalgae. The development of coastal areas as a tourism destination is feared to have an impact on macroalgae biodiversity. Comprehensive efforts are required to protect the coastlines of Porok Beach as sources of macroalgae germplasm that will ensure the survival of coastal biodiversity in Gunungkidul. So, it is necessary to study macroalgae diversity in Porok Beach to obtain a preliminary data to conserve. the macroalgae in the area.  This study aims to monitor the presence of the macroalgae on Porok Beach. Purposive random sampling was used in the study, which took place on October 17th, 2020. Water temperature and pH are the ecological parameters that are measured. Seaweed specimens were collected only from those that were attached to the substrate (no floating specimens were collected) during low tide and then placed in ziplock plastic bags. Macroalgae species were identified to determine macroalgae species based on taxonomic keys using FAO species identification Guide for Fishery From the results of the study, Porok Beach was home to 17 species of macroalgae, eight of which were classified as Chlorophyta, 3 species are classified as Phaeophyta, and 6 species are classified as Rhodophyta