ZIGOMICOSIS CUTANEA PRIMARIA POR Rhyzopus oryzae EN UNA NIÑA CON LEUCEMIA LINFOBLASTICA AGUDA TIPO B

La Zigomicosis es una infección infrecuente causada por hongos oportunistas integrantes del orden Mucorales, que se presenta en pacientes de alto riegocomo en: leucemia, linfomas con neutropenia prolongada, cetoacidosis diabética, malnutrición severa, ruptura de la integridad de la barrera cutánea y terapia inmunosupresora. Se presenta un caso de Zigomicosis cutánea en una paciente pediátrica con leucemia linfoblástica aguda de tipo B, con severa neutropenia y tratamiento con corticoides. A los cinco días de su hospitalizacióndesarrolló en el antebrazo (zona de punción venosa), una lesión indurada, eritematosa, que progresó y ulceró. A partir de exudados y biopsias del tejido subcutáneo se realizaron exámenes microscópicos directos con KOH, cultivos en agar Sabouraud y estudio histológico a través de técnicas convencionales de hematoxilina-eosina y PAS. Los análisis de los materiales clínicos revelaron la presencia de hifas hialinas, no tabicadas, gruesas, compatibles con un Zygomycete. En todos los tubos se obtuvo abundante desarrollo de un hongo filamentoso, dentificado como Rhizopus oryzae. Posteriormente a la escisión quirúrgica y tratamiento con anfotericina B se obtuvo una evolución favorable del paciente hasta el presente

Depredación de Ctenosaura pectinata (Squamata: Iguanidae) por Lynx rufus (Carnivora: Felidae) en el Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, México

The wild cat or red lynx (Lynx rufus), is a medium-sized feline with a wide distribution in Mexico and North America, for which its diet has been documented throughout its entire range, being lagomorphs and rodents. its main prey. Through camera monitoring, the first evidence of the presence of the black iguana (Ctenosaura pectinata) in the diet of the wild cat is documented. In addition to the presence of wild cats, five feline species were recorded; cougar (Puma concolor), jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), tigrillo (Lepoardus wiedii), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and jaguar (Panthera onca). Subsequent studies must evaluate the overlap of niche and preference of feeding habits of the cats present in this region of the country, where the six species of cats that live in Mexico coexist.El gato montés o lince rojo (Lynx rufus), es un felino de talla mediana con una amplia distribución en México y Norteamérica, para el cual se ha documentado su dieta a lo largo de toda su área de distribución, siendo los lagomorfos y los roedores sus principales presas. Mediante un monitoreo con cámaras trampa, se documenta la primera evidencia de la presencia de la iguana negra (Ctenosaura pectinata) en la dieta del gato montés. Además de la presencia de gato montés se registraron cinco especies de felinos; puma (Puma concolor), jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), tigrillo (Lepoardus wiedii), ocelote (Leopardus pardalis) y jaguar (Panthera onca). Estudios posteriores, deben evaluar el traslape de nicho y preferencia de hábitos alimenticios de los felinos presentes en esta región del pais, donde coexisten las seis especies de felinos que habitan en México

A Comprehensive Case Study of Macrosegregation in a Steel Ingot

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-015-0386-yA case study is presented that examines the macrosegregation and grain structure present in a 12-tonne steel ingot, which was cast for experimental purposes. Details of the casting procedure were well documented and the resulting ingot was characterized using a number of techniques that measured chemical segregation, shrinkage, and porosity. The formation of the porosity and segregation patterns is discussed in reference to the particular grain structure observed in the ingot. It is hoped that this case study can be used as a tool for the validation of future macromodels.This work was undertaken as part of a Project sponsored by Rolls-Royce Power Nuclear plc in collaboration with Sheffield Forgemasters International

New records of Peters squirrel Sciurus oculatus (Peters 1863) for Michoacán and first molecular genotyping of the species

Capturamos tres ejemplares de la ardilla de Peters (Sciurus oculatus), especie listada en protección especial y endémica del centro de México. Las capturas ocurrieron en fragmentos de bosque de encino del municipio de Huandacareo, Michoacán. Con el registro de esta población se confirma la presencia actual de la especie en el estado, ya que su último registro es de 1986 de un ejemplar colectado en Contepec. La localidad de Huandacareo extiende la distribución conocida de la especie hacia el oeste en 48 km aproximadamente con respecto a su registro más reciente. Al revisar los pocos registros de la especie para el estado, se observó que el registro más occidental de la especie, el de Ziracuaretiro (cerca de Uruapan), no se incluyó en la delimitación de su distribución, por lo que el mapa de distribución conocida debe actualizarse incluyendo todas las localidades, lo que modificaría de forma importante su distribución. Revisando la base de datos de GeneBank, notamos la inexistencia de secuencias de ADN mitocondrial de S. oculatus. En este estudio presentamos las dos primeras secuencias del gen de citocromo b (cytb) provenientes de dos individuos de S. oculatus. Las secuencias fueron comparadas en análisis filogenético con ocho especies del género Sciurus disponibles en GeneBank. En el análisis de las secuencias y árbol de UPGMA que incluyó especies de Norteamérica y de Sudamerica, S. oculatus se agrupó con S. aestuans y S. stramineus de Sudamérica, siendo S. oculatus la especie basal. Es importante que en el futuro se investigue con mayor detalle la relación de la especie en el género Sciurus. Desde la perspectiva de  conservación debe evaluarse su distribución actual en el país. Actualmente se desconoce cuántas poblaciones existen en áreas protegidas de México. La población registrada en Huandacareo parece estar aislada y su hábitat rodeado de agricultura.We captured three individuals of Peter’s squirrel (Sciurus oculatus), species listed under special protection and endemic for central Mexico. The captures occurred on oak forest fragments from Huandacareo municipality, Michoacán. With the record of this population, we confirm the species actual presence for the state, because the last record corresponded to a specimen collected in Contepec in 1986. This locality extends the species known distribution to the west approximately in 48 km from its last known record. When we reviewed the species historical records for the state, we notice that the western-most record of the species, a record from Ziracuaretiro (near to Uruapan), was not included to outline the species global distribution, therefore we consider that the present distributional map should be updated including all the localities, which will modify its distribution considerably. After surveying the GeneBank international database, we noticed that mitocondrial DNA sequences from S. oculatus were inexistent. In this work we presented the first two cytochrome b gene (cytb) sequences from two S. oculatus individuals. The sequences were compared with eight species of the Sciurus genus available in GeneBank. In the sequences analysis and UPGMA tree, which included Sciurus species from NorthAmerica and South America, S. oculatus was clustered with S. aestuans and S. stramineus from South America, resulting S. oculatus the basal species. From the conservation perspective, the species actual presencein the historical localities should be verified. No protected areas in the country are known toinclude Sciurus oculatus populations, and the Huandacareo recorded population seems to be relatively isolated, and its habitat surrounded by agriculture

Microstructural and Chemical Rejuvenation of a Ni-Based Superalloy

This is an open access article published by Springer and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY 4.0), http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The microstructural evolution of the Ni-based superalloy CMSX-4 including the change in gamma prime morphology, size and distribution after high temperature degradation and subsequent rejuvenation heat treatments has been examined using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this paper it is shown that there are significant differences in the size of the ‘channels’ between gamma prime particles, the degree of rafting and the size of tertiary gamma prime particles in each of the different microstructural conditions studied. Chemical analysis has been carried out to compare rejuvenated and pre-service samples after the same subsequent degradation procedure. The results indicate that although the microstructure of pre-service and rejuvenated samples are similar, chemical differences are more pronounced in the rejuvenated samples, suggesting that chemical segregation from partitioning of the elements was not completely eliminated through the applied rejuvenation heat treatment. A number of modified rejuvenation heat treatment trials were carried out to reduce the chemical segregation prior to creep testing. The creep test results suggest that chemical segregation has an immeasurable influence on the short-term mechanical properties under the test conditions used here, indicating that further work is required to fully understand the suitability of specific rejuvenation heat treatments and their role in the extension of component life in power plant applications

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Non-invasive biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B virus infection management

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health burden with over 250 million cases worldwide. This complex infection can lead to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Complete recovery is seldom achieved due to the persistence in infected hepatocytes of covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA, which is not targeted by current antiviral therapies. Routine circulating biomarkers used for clinical monitoring of patients do not accurately reflect the cccDNA pool and transcriptional activity. New biomarkers, such as serum HB core-related Ag and circulating HBV RNAs, are under development. In this review, we discuss surrogate non-invasive biomarkers for evaluating intrahepatic cccDNA abundance and transcriptional activity. We also present their relevance for improving the classification of patients with regards to their natural history and for evaluating novel compounds to assess target engagement and to define new virological endpoints

Syndrome post-hallucinogène persistant : discussion à propos d’une situation clinique

International audienceNo abstract availabl

Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) breeding effort and productivity in seasonal tropical forests of the central Mexican Pacific

Camera trap studies on ocelots in Mexico have focused on abundance, habitat use, and activity patterns, mainly within Protected Areas of tropical humid forests in southern regions. However, their ecology, including breeding effort and productivity in seasonal dry Pacific forests and areas outside Protected Areas, has received less attention. The species’ low reproductive rates make their populations vulnerable to decline. In evaluating the reproduction, the species’ breeding activity was examined for two survey periods performed during 2010–2016. We estimated the percentage of females raising young in the surveys and their associated fecundity–”productivity”. The overall results revealed a population of 26 males and 46 females that included 10 females (21%) rearing 12 young, defined as kittens, cubs, or juveniles, for an effective sample area (ESA) of 200 km2. Overall, the productivity averaged 2.05/100 km2 per season. All parameters varied between the two areas, and productivity was not constant in time in either area or site. Information on species breeding activity in combination with density estimations may facilitate determining the minimum area required for a viable ocelot population in the region. Protected Areas are required in the studied region for the ocelot in order to maintain a viable local population. This is due to the increasing fragmentation caused by agriculture, cattle ranching, and forest fires, and it is hypothesized that ocelots do not tolerate disturbance or severe fragmentation