The chemoselective reduction of nitro compounds: scope of the electrochemical method

The selective electrohydrogenation of nitro aliphatic and nitro aromatic functional groups in molecules containing other groups that are easy to hydrogenate (activated double bond, carbon-iodine bond, nitrile,) has been sucessfully carried out in slightly acidic (pH = 3) or neutral (pH = 5-6) methanol-water solutions at Devarda copper and Raney cobalt electrodes. The electrochemical synthesis of a quinolone 15 and a quinoxaline 18 is also reported. Preliminary results on the preparative electroreduction of 5-nitroindole 21 on Hg in aqueous methanol with HBr as supporting electrolyte are presented and dicussed for the first time

Early symptomatic neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis: A comparative study between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients

International audienceObjectives: Since the 2000s, there has been an increase in prevalence of neurosyphilis (NS) and ocular syphilis (OS). As data about symptomatic NS/OS is limited, this study aims to assess the characteristics of symptomatic NS/OS, according to HIV status.Methods: We compared the clinical and biological presentation of early symptomatic NS/OS and its outcome in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.Results: Ninety-six patients (93% men, 49% HIV-positive) were included from 2000 to 2016 in two centers, with 67 (69%) having OS, 15 (16%) NS, and 14 (14%) both. HIV-positive patients were younger (P = 0.006) and more likely to be males having sex with males (P = 0.00048) or to have a history of syphilis (P = 0.01). Among 81 OS, there were 43 posterior uveitis (57%), and bilateral involvement was more common in HIV-positive patients (62% versus 38%, P = 0.045). Among 29 NS there were 21 cases of cranial nerve involvement (72%), seven meningitis (24%) and 11 paresthesia (38%). Involvement of the VIIIth cranial nerve was the most common (16 cases). Treponemal tests were more commonly found positive in cerebrospinal fluid in HIV-positive patients (88% versus 76%, P = 0.04). Visual acuity (VA) always improved after treatment (initial VA logMAR 0.8 ± 0.8 versus 0.1 ± 0.1 at 3 months), but 32% and 18% of the patients still had neurological or ocular impairment respectively six and 12 months after treatment. Non-treponemal serological reversion was observed in 43/50 patients (88%) at six months.Conclusion: HIV infection has no consequence on the outcome of NS and OS. Sequelae are common, emphasizing the importance of prevention, and screening, and questioning enhanced treatment

Example of application of the new strategy proposed for the validation of chromatographic bioanalytical methods

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Méthodes chromatographiques de dosage dans les milieux biologiques : exemple d'application de la stratégie de validation - Rapport d'une commission SFSTP

peer reviewe

Méthodes chromatographiques de dosage dans les milieux biologiques : stratégie de validation - Rapport d'une commission SFSTP

peer reviewe

New strategy for the validation of chromatographic bioanalytical methods

peer reviewe

Validation of quantitative analytical procedure, Harmonization of approaches

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