Data_Sheet_1_Higher ultra processed foods intake is associated with low muscle mass in young to middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional NHANES study.docx

DesignUltra-processed foods (UPFs) have become a pressing global health concern, prompting investigations into their potential association with low muscle mass in adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed data from 10,255 adults aged 20−59 years who participated in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) during cycles spanning from 2011 to 2018. The primary outcome, low muscle mass, was assessed using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) definition, employing restricted cubic splines and weighted multivariate regression for analysis. Sensitivity analysis incorporated three other prevalent definitions to explore optimal cut points for muscle quality in the context of sarcopenia.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of low muscle mass was 7.65%. Comparing the percentage of UPFs calories intake between individuals with normal and low muscle mass, the values were found to be similar (55.70 vs. 54.62%). Significantly linear associations were observed between UPFs consumption and low muscle mass (P for non-linear = 0.7915, P for total = 0.0117). Upon full adjustment for potential confounding factors, participants with the highest UPFs intake exhibited a 60% increased risk of low muscle mass (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.26, P for trend = 0.003) and a decrease in ALM/BMI (β = −0.0176, 95% CI: −0.0274 to −0.0077, P for trend = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the consistency of these associations, except for the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS) definition, where the observed association between the highest quartiles of UPFs (%Kcal) and low muscle mass did not attain statistical significance (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.87, P for trend = 0.082).ConclusionOur study underscores a significant linear association between higher UPFs consumption and an elevated risk of low muscle mass in adults. These findings emphasize the potential adverse impact of UPFs on muscle health and emphasize the need to address UPFs consumption as a modifiable risk factor in the context of sarcopenia.</p

Association of Oral Contraceptive Pill Use and Depression Among US Women

Background: The link between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and depression is still unclear. This work analyses the prevalence and correlates of major depression in US women using OCP.Methods: This study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2012 data to provide the prevalence and correlates of major depression in women using OCP. Major depression was defined as a score of ≥10 using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).Results: A total of 6239 women aged 18–55 years were included in the present analysis. Current OCP users had a lower prevalence of major depression (4.6 %; 95 % CI, 3.2 to 6.6) compared to former users of OCP (11.4 %; 95 % CI, 10.1 to 12.9) and never users of OCP (10 %; 95 % CI, 8.3 to 12.1). Current users of OCP were significantly less likely to report major depression compared to former users of OCP (OR 0.59; 95CI%, 0.39 to 0.90) after adjusting for potential confounders. The prevalence of major depression was higher in women who were: black or Hispanic, widowed/divorced/separated, those with a low and middle income, current smokers, current users of antidepressants, and with history of cancer and thyroid problems.Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study.Conclusion: The prevalence of major depression among women using OCP may be lower than in former users of OCP, however, the burden of depression remains high. Further research with longitudinal follow-up for depression in women using OCP is needed to understand real world effect of the OCP on depression.</p

Presentation1_Emulating quantum dynamics with neural networks via knowledge distillation.PDF

We introduce an efficient training framework for constructing machine learning-based emulators and demonstrate its capability by training an artificial neural network to predict the time evolution of quantum wave packets propagating through a potential landscape. This approach is based on the idea of knowledge distillation and uses elements of curriculum learning. It works by constructing a set of simple, but rich-in-physics training examples (a curriculum). These examples are used by the emulator to learn the general rules describing the time evolution of a quantum system (knowledge distillation). We show that this emulator is capable of learning the rules of quantum dynamics from a curriculum of simple training examples (wave packet interacting with a single rectangular potential barrier), and subsequently generalizes this knowledge to solve more challenging cases (propagation through an arbitrarily complex potential landscape). Furthermore, we demonstrate, that using this framework we can not only make high-fidelity predictions, but we can also learn new facts about the underlying physical system, detect symmetries, and measure relative importance of the contributing physical processes.</p

Body Mass Index and Mortality in Chronic Obstruct Pulmonary Disease.

a<p>Number of studies; ^b<i>P</i> value of Q-test for heterogeneity test.</p

Hazard ratios of Mortality with Body Mass Index among Patients with Chronic Obstruct Pulmonary Disease (HR was adjusted for age, gender, FEV₁%pred, smoking and so on.

<p>The HR of Chailleux et al. was extracted by reading off survival curves).</p

Flow Diagram of the Literature Search and Trial Selection Process.

<p>Flow Diagram of the Literature Search and Trial Selection Process.</p

Characteristics of Studies Included in the Meta-analysis.

<p>Abbreviation: BMI: body mass index; NA, data not available. ^*Study quality was judged based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (range, 1–9 stars).</p

Disparities in the prevalence of suicidal ideation according to oral contraceptive pill use among US women: a cross-sectional study

Background and Aims: The relationship between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and suicidal ideation remains unclear. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation among US women and evaluate their associates overall and according to OCP use status.Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005−2012 were used to calculate the prevalence and associates of suicidal ideation in women using OCP. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9. Overall and OCP‐specific weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation were estimated. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to investigate overall and OCP‐specific associates.Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 3.6% with no evident disparity between OCP groups, suggesting that OCP use is not associated with increased prevalence of suicidal ideation. Smoking was inversely associated with suicidal ideation in the former users of OCP. In the overall population, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was greater in those who were: Black or Hispanic, smoking, taking antidepressants, those with lower educational attainment, and women with low and middle income.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that OCP use was not associated with increased prevalence of suicidal ideation. Unique associates were identified among different OCP groups.</p

Research Data for The usefulness of liquid-based cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid combined with bronchial brush specimens in lung cancer diagnosis

Research Data for The usefulness of liquid-based cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid combined with bronchial brush specimens in lung cancer diagnosis by Shanni Ma, Xuechan Yu, Xiaoyan Jin, Feng Qiu, Xueqin Chen, Ran Wang and Chao Cao in Journal of International Medical Research</p

TNF-α-308G/A Polymorphism Contributes to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Risk: Evidence Based on 10 Case-Control Studies

<div><p>Objective</p><p>The aim of our study was to investigate the association between the <i>TNF-α-308G/A</i> polymorphism and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).</p><p>Method</p><p>The Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to study <i>TNF-α-308G/A</i> polymorphism and risk of OSAS.</p><p>Result</p><p>10 case-control studies were included in our meta-analysis. The results from our study showed that the <i>TNF-α-308G/A</i> polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of OSAS (A <i>vs.</i> G: OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.43–1.95). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the statistical similar results were observed both in European (A <i>vs.</i> G: OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.35–2.08) and Asian population (A <i>vs.</i> G: OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.50–2.71). When stratified by age, a significantly increased risk was observed in adult carries A allele compared with G allele (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.50–2.13), whereas no association was found in children (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.70–1.69).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our study suggested that the <i>TNF-α- 308G/A</i> polymorphism contributed to the susceptibility to the risk of OSAS. Additional well-designed large studies are needed to validate our findings.</p></div