Reinforced Concretes of Tomorrow: Corrosion Behaviour according to Exposure Classes

Reinforced concrete is the most widely used building material but its durability in terms of concrete cover performance and corrosion of steel rebar is still a key point to be studied. To address this topic, within the frame of the national project PERFDUB, two series of eleven reinforced concrete specimens (with metric dimensions) were cast with innovative concrete mixes representative of the French experience, two shapes of rebar and two concrete covers. Then, these specimens were exposed in two natural exposure sites, one in Epernon for carbonation (XC4) and a second one in La Rochelle in the Atlantic Ocean in a tidal zone for chloride ions (XS3m). Their corrosion was carried out using non-destructive testing. In addition, in order to follow the corrosion evolution more accurately in a continuous way, two series of three specimens were casted with embedded sensors and were exposed in two other outdoor sites in Marne-la-Vallée (XC4) and in Eqiom facility (XS3e). The first results of this 20-year project in terms of corrosion of these reinforced concrete specimens obtained with laboratory and field equipment and with monitoring are presented in this paper

La colère, source d'insécurité routière ? In Sécurité des déplacements, protection des usagers et de l'environnement - Maîtrise des risques et prévention Tome 1

La colère est une émotion négative définie par un fort arousal (i.e., elle provoque un état d'activations psychologique et physiologique intenses). C'est également une émotion fréquemment ressentie en conduite (Sullman, 2006; Underwood, Chapman, Wright, & Crundall, 1999). Une des raisons à cela est qu'elle peut être causée par un évènement sans rapport avec la conduite, mais aussi par un évènement provenant directement de la tâche de conduite (e.g., Jeon, Walker, & Yim, 2014). La colère serait à l'origine de plusieurs modifications comportementales et attentionnelles chez les conducteurs

La colère, source d'insécurité routière ? In Sécurité des déplacements, protection des usagers et de l'environnement - Maîtrise des risques et prévention Tome 1

La colère est une émotion négative définie par un fort arousal (i.e., elle provoque un état d'activations psychologique et physiologique intenses). C'est également une émotion fréquemment ressentie en conduite (Sullman, 2006; Underwood, Chapman, Wright, & Crundall, 1999). Une des raisons à cela est qu'elle peut être causée par un évènement sans rapport avec la conduite, mais aussi par un évènement provenant directement de la tâche de conduite (e.g., Jeon, Walker, & Yim, 2014). La colère serait à l'origine de plusieurs modifications comportementales et attentionnelles chez les conducteurs

The management of acute venous thromboembolism in clinical practice - study rationale and protocol of the European PREFER in VTE Registry

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health problem, with over one million events every year in Europe. However, there is a paucity of data on the current management in real life, including factors influencing treatment pathways, patient satisfaction, quality of life (QoL), and utilization of health care resources and the corresponding costs. The PREFER in VTE registry has been designed to address this and to understand medical care and needs as well as potential gaps for improvement. Methods/design: The PREFER in VTE registry was a prospective, observational, multicenter study conducted in seven European countries including Austria, France Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, and the UK to assess the characteristics and the management of patients with VTE, the use of health care resources, and to provide data to estimate the costs for 12 months treatment following a first-time and/or recurrent VTE diagnosed in hospitals or specialized or primary care centers. In addition, existing anticoagulant treatment patterns, patient pathways, clinical outcomes, treatment satisfaction, and health related QoL were documented. The centers were chosen to reflect the care environment in which patients with VTE are managed in each of the participating countries. Patients were eligible to be enrolled into the registry if they were at least 18 years old, had a symptomatic, objectively confirmed first time or recurrent acute VTE defined as either distal or proximal deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or both. After the baseline visit at the time of the acute VTE event, further follow-up documentations occurred at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Follow-up data was collected by either routinely scheduled visits or by telephone calls. Results: Overall, 381 centers participated, which enrolled 3,545 patients during an observational period of 1 year. Conclusion: The PREFER in VTE registry will provide valuable insights into the characteristics of patients with VTE and their acute and mid-term management, as well as into drug utilization and the use of health care resources in acute first-time and/or recurrent VTE across Europe in clinical practice. Trial registration: Registered in DRKS register, ID number: DRKS0000479