Prediction and compensation of contour error of CNC systems based on LSTM neural-network

This paper proposes a contour error estimation and compensation method for computer numerical control (CNC) systems based on the long short-term memory neural network (LSTM-NN). This is achieved by performing modeling of each axis to predict the tracking error, calculating the actual trajectory, estimating the contour error, and modifying the reference trajectory. First, linear feature selection based on a simplified single-axis model and nonlinear feature selection based on a circular test are performed to achieve tracking error prediction. Then, a spline-approximation-based contour error estimation method is proposed to estimate the contour error between the reference trajectory and the predicted trajectory. Finally, contour error compensation is performed on the reference trajectory before it is run on CNC systems. The proposed method is validated through experiments on a three-axis CNC system

Sleep duration and patterns in Chinese older adults: A comprehensive meta-analysis

This meta-analysis examined the mean sleep duration and patterns in Chinese older adult population. A literature search was systematically conducted covering major English (PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO) and Chinese (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang and SinoMed) databases. Data in studies with the mean and standard deviation of sleep duration and/or the proportion of short and long sleep durations in Chinese older adults were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to gender, region, area, survey time and sample size. A total of 36 studies with 150,616 subjects were included for analyses. The pooled mean sleep duration of 21 studies with available data was 6.82 hours/day (95% CI: 6.59–7.05 hours/day). The estimated proportions of sleep duration \u3c5 hours/day, \u3c6 hours/day, \u3c7 hours/day were 18.8% (95% CI: 1.7%–35.9%), 26.7% (95% CI: 19.7%–33.7%) and 42.3% (95% CI: 34.8%–49.8%), respectively. The pooled proportions for long sleepers were 22.6% (95% CI: 13.9%–31.4%) (\u3e8 hours/day) and 17.6% (95% CI: 12.4%–22.9%) (\u3e9 hours/day). Given the adverse effects of unhealthy sleep patterns, health professionals should pay more attention to sleep patterns in this population in China

A new post-frac evaluation method for shale gas wells based on fracturing curves

AbstractPost-fracturing evaluation by using limited data is of great significance to continuous improvement of the fracturing programs. In this paper, a fracturing curve was divided into two stages (i.e., prepad fluid injection and main fracturing) so as to further understand the parameters of reservoirs and artificial fractures. The brittleness and plasticity of formations were qualitatively identified by use of the statistics of formation fracture frequency, and average pressure dropping range and rate during the prepad fluid injection. The composite brittleness index was quantitatively calculated by using the energy zones in the process of fracturing. It is shown from the large-scale true triaxial physical simulation results that the complexity of fractures is reflected by the pressure fluctuation frequency and amplitude in the main fracturing curve, and combined with the brittleness and plasticity of formations, the fracture morphology far away from the well can be diagnosed. Well P, a shale gas well in SE Chongqing, was taken as an example for post-fracturing evaluation. It is shown that the shale beds are of stronger heterogeneity along the extension directions of horizontal wells, and with GR 260 API as the dividing line between brittleness and plasticity in this area, complex fracture systems tend to form in brittleness-prone formations. In Well P, half of the fractures are single fractures, so it is necessary to carry out fine subsection and turnaround fracturing so as to improve development effects. This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the fracturing well design and increasing the effective stimulated volume in this area

Formation and properties of chalcogenide glasses based on GeS2-​Sb2S3-​AgI system

International audienceNovel glasses in GeS2-​Sb2S3-​AgI system have been prepd. by melt-​quenching method. A large glass-​forming region was found in this novel system, in which almost 60 mol​% AgI has been incorporated. The basic physiochem. properties of glass samples were investigated. With the addn. of AgI, red shift of short-​wavelength absorption edge and distinct drop of the glass transition temp. (Tg) were obsd. In addn., a high Ag+ ion cond. of 6.37×10-​4 S​/cm at room temp. was obtained in 55(0.6GeS2-​0.4Sb2S3)​-​45AgI sample, indicating that these glasses have potential application as amorphous solid electrolytes

Digital village construction, human capital and the development of the rural older adult care service industry

BackgroundThe advancement of digital villages in China is shaped by the degree of human capital within the rural labor force, which not only restricts the potential of digital village but also influences the impact of digital empowerment on the progression of the rural older adult care service industry.Materials and methodsUsing panel data from 30 Chinese provinces between 2011 and 2020, we created benchmark and threshold regression models to investigate the influence of digital village construction on the development of the rural older adult care service industry and to delineate the threshold effects of human capital on it. We further scrutinized the correlation between the two systems, along with the factors that affect it, through a coupling coordination model.ResultsPreliminary, the baseline regression outcomes show that the digital village construction is conducive to the progression of the rural older adult care service industry (p < 0.05). Moreover, we identified a significant nonlinear threshold relationship between the digital village, human capital, and the advancement of the rural older adult care service industry (HUM1ST, p < 0.05; HUM2DT, p < 0.01; HUM3DT, p < 0.01). These results indicate that the digital technology’s effect on the development of the rural older adult care service industry is limited by the rural human capital level. Lastly, we found that higher levels of human capital enhance the coupling of the digital village with the rural older adult care service industry (p < 0.01), with the influence of per capita education level being the most pronounced (CoefHUM1 > CoefHUM2 > CoefHUM3).ConclusionThe digital village substantially empowers the rural older adult care service industry, with human capital exhibiting a significant threshold effect on this empowerment. Furthermore, variances in the level of human capital have a considerable impact on the integration of the digital village and the rural older adult care service industry

Gene expression profiling of human primary astrocytes exposed to manganese chloride indicates selective effects on several functions of the cells

Exposure of adult humans to manganese (Mn) has long been known to cause neurotoxicity. Recent evidence also suggests that exposure of children to Mn is associated with developmental neurotoxicity. Astrocytes are critical for the proper functioning of the nervous system, and they play active roles in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic neurotransmission. In this report, to help elucidate the molecular events underlying Mn neurotoxicity, we systematically identified the molecular targets of Mn in primary human astrocytes at a genome-wide level, by using microarray gene expression profiling and computational data analysis algorithms. We found that Mn altered the expression of diverse genes ranging from those encoding cytokines and transporters to signal transducers and transcriptional regulators. Particularly, 28 genes encoding proinflammatory chemokines, cytokines and related functions were up-regulated, whereas 15 genes encoding functions involved in DNA replication and repair and cell cycle checkpoint control were down-regulated. Consistent with the increased expression of proinflammatory factors, analysis of common regulators revealed that 16 targets known to be positively affected by the interferon-γ signaling pathway were up-regulated by Mn2+. In addition, 68 genes were found to be similarly up- or down-regulated by both Mn2+ and hypoxia. These results from genomic analysis are further supported by data from real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, flow cytometric and toxicological analyses. Together, these analyses show that Mn2+ selectively affects cell cycle progression, the expression of hypoxia-responsive genes, and the expression of proinflammatory factors in primary human astrocytes. These results provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Mn neurotoxicity