Effect of cabinet tray dryer on Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) slices during drying process and storage study of dehydrated tomato powder

The effected dehydrated tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) samples determining by acidity, pH, ascorbic acid, lycopene content and microbial growth. The highest acidity value 7.42 of untreated samples (4mm) in LDPE packaging material and 8.12 of untreated samples (8 mm) in aluminum foil packaging and the lowest pH value 2.05 of untreated samples (6mm) in LDPE packaging material and 2.07 of untreated samples (8 mm) in aluminum foil package under cabinet tray dryer (65 0C) after 120 days. The lowest lycopene content value 50.71 of untreated sam-ples (6 mm) in LDPE packaging material and 60.24 of untreated samples (4 mm) in aluminum foil packaging under cabinet tray dryer at 65 0C after 120 days. The lowest vitamin C value 8.54 of untreated samples (4mm) in LDPE packaging and 9.50 of untreated samples (6 mm) in aluminum foil packaging under cabinet tray dryer after 120 days. We can see that microbial growth not detect in the starting 30 days but after one month we can easily see microbial growth. When considering growth rates of microbial pathogens, in addition to temperature, time is a critical consideration. Food producers or manufacturers address the concept of time as it relates to microbial growth when a product's shelf life is determined. The highest microbial growth 4.55×102 of untreated samples (6mm) in LDPE pack-aging and 4.49×102 of untreated samples (8 mm) in aluminum foil packaging under cabinet tray dryer after 120 days

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A SOLAR PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTOR FOR CIRCULAR AND ELLIPTICAL ABSORBER

             Solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most efficient and an effective technology to deal with environmental pollution and it has gained much attention due to the recent energy demand. The solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most promising techniques for absorbing the heat from the sun. This heat is utilized for electricity generation and other industrial heating applications. This paper describes the theoretical and experimental assessment of performance of the circular and elliptical absorbers used in solar parabolic trough collector. The absorber tube of parabolic trough collector is used to transfer the heat to the working fluid. The working fluid considered over here is water which is the best operating medium in direct steam generation. The mass flow rate of water in absorber tube is analyzed in 3 stages as 0.016, 0.024 and 0.030 kg/s respectively. The experimental test is done in Chennai-Tamilnadu, Southern part of India which experiences a superior temperature throughout the year. The experiment is conducted for the period of one year from June 2015 to May 2016. The performance improvement focuses on collector efficiency, useful heat transfer rate, outlet temperature of working fluid, temperature gradient, overall heat transfer rate and the thermal losses

Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment On Micro Structure & Corrosion Behavior Of Aa 7075 Friction Stir Welds

Aluminum AL7075 alloy is an attractive option for aerospace components in naval and defence applications due to its corrosion resistance and absence of melting related problems. This project reports the effects of post weld heat treatments, namely Peak age treatment and Retrogression and reaging on microstructure and mechanical properties of 12 mm thick friction stir welded joints of high strength AA7075 aluminum alloy. Welds were characterized for metallo graphy to carry out the micro structural studies using Optical Microscopy, hardness measurements were done using Vickers hardness tester. Potentio-dynamic polarization tests were carried out to determine the pitting corrosion behavior done using a basic electrochemical system. The results show that welds under peak age treatment     (T-6) exhibit better mechanical properties compared to RRA treatment. Welds under Retrogression and reaging exhibit better corrosion resistance with marginal decrease in strength and which is attributed to the micro structural changes observed in both the weld joints

Amorphous carbon based nanofluids for direct radiative absorption in solar thermal concentrators – Experimental and computational study

Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Directly solar radiation absorbing nanofluids have the potential to absorb a wide spectrum of solar radiation and displace selectively coated metallic receivers in solar thermal collectors. Parameters including nanoparticle concentration, synthesis and storage conditions, can influence their long-term usage. In this study, 60 min was found to be optimal sonication duration to synthesise a uniform suspension of nanofluid containing amorphous-carbon nanoparticles and ethylene glycol as base fluid. Nanoparticle concentration can be used to tune extinction coefficient of nanofluid in the range of 75–400 m−1 for wavelength range of 320–1000 nm. Long-term stability and high temperature studies showed a time and temperature dependent increase in transmittance of nanofluid which is restored by 5 min of stirring. Computational modelling highlighted the role of incident intensity, nanoparticle concentration as well as inlet flow rate on receiver exit temperature. A ray-optics model employing weather data for Delhi (India) can predict the optical efficiency of an Asymmetric Compound Parabolic Concentrator solar collector. This combined approach can enable to predict the flow rate required to achieve a desired supply temperature at target locations. This rational framework combining experimental and computational approaches can be used to identify design parameters relevant for application of nanofluids in thermal collectors.UK-India Education and Research Initiative (UKIERI) and Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, for the COSTARMSW project through the grant agreement IND/CONT/GA/18–19/16

Deep-learning framework to detect lung abnormality - A study with chest X-Ray and lung CT scan images

Lung abnormalities are highly risky conditions in humans. The early diagnosis of lung abnormalities is essential to reduce the risk by enabling quick and efficient treatment. This research work aims to propose a Deep-Learning (DL) framework to examine lung pneumonia and cancer. This work proposes two different DL techniques to assess the considered problem: (i) The initial DL method, named a modified AlexNet (MAN), is proposed to classify chest X-Ray images into normal and pneumonia class. In the MAN, the classification is implemented using with Support Vector Machine (SVM), and its performance is compared against Softmax. Further, its performance is validated with other pre-trained DL techniques, such as AlexNet, VGG16, VGG19 and ResNet50. (ii) The second DL work implements a fusion of handcrafted and learned features in the MAN to improve classification accuracy during lung cancer assessment. This work employs serial fusion and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based features selection to enhance the feature vector. The performance of this DL frame work is tested using benchmark lung cancer CT images of LIDC-IDRI and classification accuracy (97.27%) is attained. (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V

Subsurface signatures and timing of extreme wave events along the Southeast Indian coast

Written history's limitation becomes apparent when attempting to document the predecessors of extreme coastal events in the Indian Ocean, from 550-700 years in Thailand and 1000 years in Indonesia. Detailed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys in Mahabalipuram, southeast India, complemented with sedimentological analyses, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and optical dating provide strong evidence of extreme wave events during the past 3700 years. The diagnostic event signatures include the extent and elevation of the deposits, as well as morphologic similarity of buried erosional scarps to those reported in northern Sumatra region. Optical ages immediately overlying the imaged discontinuities that coincides with high concentration of heavy minerals date the erosional events to 340 ± 35, 350 ± 20, 490 ± 30, 880 ± 40, 1080 ± 60, 1175 ± 188, 2193 ± 266, 2235 ± 881, 2489 ± 293, 2450 ± 130, 2585 ± 609, 3710 ± 200 years ago. These evidences are crucial in reconstructing paleo extreme wave events and will pave the way for regional correlation of erosional horizons along the northern margin of Indian Ocean