Fixed Point Theorem Of Discontinuity And Weak Compatibility in Non complete Non-Archimedean Menger PM-Spaces

The aim of this paper is to prove a related common fixed point theorem for six weakly compatible self maps in non complete non-Archimedean menger PM-spaces, without using the condition of continuity and give a set of alternative conditions in place of completeness of the space. Keywords: key words, Non-Archimedean Menger PM-space, R-weakly commutting maps, fixed points

An Assessment and Management of Cultivable Wastelands for Sustainable Agricultural Development : A Case Study of District Rae Bareli, U.P., INDIA

India is a predominantly an agrarian country, about 70 percent of its rural working force earns its livelihood directly from agricultural resources. It is misfortune that the land resource is gradually becoming scarce due to rapidly increasing growth of population. The problem is further compounded because of miss-utilization of land resulting in severe degradation. It is thus imperative that all available land be put to optimum use, the hitherto degraded land be properly utilized and the cultivable wastelands reclaimed. In order to reclaim the cultivable wastelands and put to profitable use, it is essential that such degraded lands be accurately identified at micro-level with a view to establish their ownerships for sustainable agricultural development. In the present study, an attempt has been made to assess the nature and types of existing cultivable wastelands, highlight the issues and problems associated with them and to provide a fruitful discussion and suggest reclamation measures for their sustainable management and conservation. For providing a detailed insight of cultivable wastelands, district Rae Bareli, Uttar Pradesh, has been chosen as a case study. In order to fulfill the above objectives relevant data have been procured from revenue office of Rae Bareli district at block level and primary data on such aspects is generated by conducting interaction and interviews with the local people in various villages of the study area. Out of the total reporting area of 4,54,370 hectares, about 1,30,020 hectares (28.62 percent) has been recorded as cultivable wastelands, which is almost one third of the total area. Based on physical and chemical features, cultivable wastelands of the district can be classified into eight categories namely fallow lands, garden and groves, pasture lands, land affected by salinity/alkalinity, surface waterlogged area, ravinous land, sand accumulated land and brick kilns field. The reclamation of cultivable wastelands will have to be taken up based on local soil and terrain characteristics, for which detailed field survey is needed. There is an urgent need to provide a package of the reclamation technology, finance and informative education, time to time for systematic cultivation, adequate irrigation, construction of check dams, ponds and drain for surface water logged area etc.The outline of this paper was presented at IGU 2013 Kyoto Regional Conference at Kyoto International Conference Center

Assessing Sustainable Ecotourism Opportunities in Western Rajasthan, India, through Advanced Geospatial Technologies

The present study focuses on finding potential sites for ecotourism development using GIS and remote-sensing-based weightage sum overlay techniques in Western Rajasthan, India. Ecotourism is one of the fastest growing and revenue-making sectors incorporating a sustainable future. Western Rajasthan has a broad scope to develop tourism-based activity in various ways, mainly through cultural heritage, historical and archaeological wonders, and rare wildlife. Weightage sum overlay analysis is a useful and simple tool to compare each thematic layer. These values are based on various factors and understanding taken during the study. For this purpose, different data types have been taken from the USGS website. Arc GIS 10.8 and ERDAS Imagine software 2015 have been utilized to process the data. This research incorporates seven thematic layers, i.e., elevation, proximity to streams, land use/cover, population density, road connectivity, proximity to protected areas, and heritage hotspots. Based on the physical and cultural characteristics of Western Rajasthan, the weightage of each thematic layer has been decided, which is finally overlaid using Arc GIS software. After processing all the thematic layers, we finally get an outcome in the form of a suitability map. The final suitability map represents five suitability classes that divide the total area into the following categories, very high (37.31%), high (26.85%), moderate (7.89%), low (0.83%), and very low (27.12%), which represents the potential of ecotourism in Western Rajasthan

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Effect of Tillage and Weed Management Practices on Growth and Yield Attributes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2017-18 at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya 224229 (U.P.) to study the effect of various tillage and weed management practices on growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of wheat crop. The combination of treatments were five tillage system in main plot viz., TPR-CT, W-CT (T1), TPR-CT+W-ZT+S-ZT (T2), DSR-CT+W-CT+S-ZT (T3), DSR-ZT+W-ZTR+S-ZT (T4) and DSR-ZTR+W-ZTR+S-ZT (T5) and three-level of weed management practices in sub plot viz., Clodinafop + metsulfuron @ 60 + 4g/ha at 30 DAS (W1), Clodinafop + metsulfuron @ 60 + 4g/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS (W2) and 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS (W3) in wheat were tested with 3 replication in split-plot design. The soil was silt loam in texture and medium in fertility status. Among various tillage and weed management practices DSR-ZT+R, W-ZT+R, S-ZT (T5) and Clodinafop + metsulfuron 60 + 4g/ha at 30 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS (W2) resulted in lowest in total weed density and total weed dry weight (g/m2) and highest values of growth parameters, yield attributes and yield in comparison to other tillage practices and weed management practices

Culture Based Isolation of Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Respiratory Disease Complex in Broiler with Special Reference to Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from India

In this study, isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria, with special reference to Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale associated with respiratory diseases complex (RDC), were performed from a total of 60 biomaterials collected from healthy and diseased broilers of commercially reared farms in and around Palanpur, Banaskantha, Gujarat. Prevalence of RDC was 6.67% and 50.00% in apparently healthy and diseased broilers respectively. The incidence of E.coli, Staphylococcus spp., Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, Pasteurella spp. and Klebsiella spp. were 8 (47.06%), 4 (23.53%), 3 (17.65%), 1 (5.88%) and 1 (5.88%) in broilers respectively. Highest bacteria were isolated from lung (58.33) followed by trachea (41.66). Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, one of the causative agents of the emerging respiratory diseases complex of broiler could be isolated either singly or concurrently with other bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Pasteurella spp. indicating its possible etiological role in respiratory disease