4,327 research outputs found
Stable hZW10 kinetochore residency, mediated by hZwint-1 interaction, is essential for the mitotic checkpoint
The mitotic checkpoint is an essential surveillance mechanism that ensures high fidelity chromosome segregation during mitosis. Mitotic checkpoint function depends on numerous kinetochore proteins, including ZW10, ROD, and Zwilch (the RODâZW10âZwilch complex). Through an extensive mutagenesis screen of hZW10, we have mapped the kinetochore localization domain of hZW10 as well as the hZwint-1 interaction domain. We find that hZwint-1ânoninteracting mutants still localize to kinetochores. In addition, using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we have found that hZW10 residency at metaphase kinetochores is brief (half-time of 13 s). However, during prometaphase or at unattached kinetochores, enhanced green fluorescent proteinâhZW10 becomes a stable component of the kinetochore. Moreover, we find that stable hZW10 kinetochore residency at prometaphase kinetochores is dependent on its interaction with hZwint-1, and is essential for mitotic checkpoint arrest
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Educating the People: Governance of Primary Education in Fiji. Kiribati, Samoa and Solomon Islands, 2000-2013
Magnetic ordering of Mn sublattice, dense Kondo lattice behavior of Ce in (RPd3)8Mn (R = La, Ce)
We have synthesized two new interstitial compounds (RPd3)8Mn (R = La and Ce).
The Mn ions present in "dilute" concentration of just 3 molar percent form a
sublattice with an unusually large Mn-Mn near neighbor distance of ~ 85 nm.
While the existence of (RPd3)8M (where M is a p-block element) is already
documented in the literature, the present work reports for the first time the
formation of this phase with M being a 3d element. In (LaPd3)8Mn, the Mn
sub-lattice orders antiferromagnetically as inferred from the peaks in
low-field magnetization at 48 K and 23 K. The latter peak progressively shifts
towards lower temperatures in increasing magnetic field and disappears below
1.8 K in a field of ~ 8 kOe. On the other hand in (CePd3)8Mn the Mn sublattice
undergoes a ferromagnetic transition around 35 K. The Ce ions form a dense
Kondo-lattice and are in a paramagnetic state at least down to 1.5 K. A
strongly correlated electronic ground state arising from Kondo effect is
inferred from the large extrapolated value of C/T = 275 mJ/Ce-mol K^2 at T = 0
K. In contrast, the interstitial alloys RPd3Mnx (x = 0.03 and 0.06), also
synthesized for the first time, have a spin glass ground state due to the
random distribution of the Mn ions over the available "1b" sites in the parent
RPd3 crystal lattice.Comment: 18 figures and 20 pages of text documen
Impact of rural-to-urban migration on family and gender values in China
Drawing on data from the 2006 China General Social Survey, propensity score matching was used to investigate the impact of rural-to-urban migration on family and gender values in China at distinct stages of the migratory process. Little evidence of ideational difference is found between rural natives who intend to migrate to urban areas and those who intend to stay in rural China. However, rural-to-urban migration has significant, diverse and gendered impacts on various domains of family and gender values at distinct migratory stages. The results also cast light on the important roles played by hukou status and various forms of socioeconomic and cultural status, such as education and occupation, in mediating the impact of rural-to-urban migration on family and gender values. The ideational impact of migration is shown to be shaped by Chinaâs distinctive institutional features
Deprivation is associated with anxiety and stress. A population-based longitudinal household survey among Chinese adults in Hong Kong
BACKGROUND: Mental illness is a major disease burden in the world and disproportionately affects the socially disadvantaged, but studies on the longitudinal association of poverty with anxiety and stress are rare, especially in Asia. Using data from Hong Kong, we aimed to (1) assess the cross-sectional association of poverty with anxiety and stress at baseline, and (2) to examine whether baseline poverty and change in poverty status over time are associated with a subsequent change in anxiety and stress. METHODS: Data were obtained from two waves of a territory-wide longitudinal survey in Hong Kong, with sample sizes of n=1970 and n=1224 for baseline and follow-up, respectively. Poverty was measured with a Deprivation Index and income-poverty. Anxiety and stress symptoms were assessed using Chinese Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items. We conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses on the association of poverty with anxiety and stress. OUTCOMES: Deprivation, but not income-poverty, was significantly associated with both outcomes at baseline. Increased deprivation over time was associated with greater score and increased risk of anxiety and stress. Persistent deprivation over time was associated with greater anxiety and stress, and increased risk of incident anxiety. INTERPRETATION: Deprivation could have significant independent effects on anxiety and stress, even after adjusting for the effects of income-poverty. Greater attention should be paid to deprivation in policymaking to tackle the inequalities of mental health problems, especially since stress and anxiety are precursors to more severe forms of mental illness and other comorbidities
Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from newborns with suspected or confirmed necrotising enterocolitis
Aim. This audit aimed to identify which bacteria were associated with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and determine their antibiotic sensitivities. Methods. A retrospective audit of all infants with a diagnosis of suspected NEC or confirmed NEC and a positive culture (blood/faeces/operative specimen or vascular access device) between January 2000 and September 2007 was performed. Results. Ninety nine infants had a diagnosis of suspected (45) or confirmed NEC (54). Seventeen patients had suspected (5) or confirmed (12) NEC and a positive culture result. 12 babies had positive blood cultures associated with their NEC. Only 4 of the 12 cases of NEC with a positive blood culture received adequate first line cover for their subsequently identified infecting organism. Conclusions. Due to the limitations of this study we are unable to make general recommendations on the first line antibiotic choice for babies with suspected or confirmed NEC. Our current regime of Ampicillin, Gentamicin and Metronidazole failed to adequately treat 8 of the 12 organisms subsequently isolated in blood cultures. Only the combination of Vancomycin and Meropenem would have adequately treated all the bacteria identified. The concern with this approach is the possible emergence of multi drug resistant bacteria
Structure optimization in an off-lattice protein model
We study an off-lattice protein toy model with two species of monomers
interacting through modified Lennard-Jones interactions. Low energy
configurations are optimized using the pruned-enriched-Rosenbluth method
(PERM), hitherto employed to native state searches only for off lattice models.
For 2 dimensions we found states with lower energy than previously proposed
putative ground states, for all chain lengths . This indicates that
PERM has the potential to produce native states also for more realistic protein
models. For , where no published ground states exist, we present some
putative lowest energy states for future comparison with other methods.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Gate-Controlled Ionization and Screening of Cobalt Adatoms on a Graphene Surface
We describe scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements performed on
individual cobalt (Co) atoms deposited onto backgated graphene devices. We find
that Co adatoms on graphene can be ionized by either the application of a
global backgate voltage or by the application of a local electric field from a
scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip. Large screening clouds are observed to
form around Co adatoms ionized in this way, and we observe that some intrinsic
graphene defects display a similar behavior. Our results provide new insight
into charged impurity scattering in graphene, as well as the possibility of
using graphene devices as chemical sensors.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Entanglement Measures for Single- and Multi-Reference Correlation Effects
Electron correlation effects are essential for an accurate ab initio
description of molecules. A quantitative a priori knowledge of the single- or
multi-reference nature of electronic structures as well as of the dominant
contributions to the correlation energy can facilitate the decision regarding
the optimum quantum chemical method of choice. We propose concepts from quantum
information theory as orbital entanglement measures that allow us to evaluate
the single- and multi-reference character of any molecular structure in a given
orbital basis set. By studying these measures we can detect possible artifacts
of small active spaces.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
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