Révolutions et droits de l'Homme (II). Aspects politiques : le cas des révolutions arabes et moyen-orientales

La Constitution égyptienne de 2014 a été présentée comme un texte révolutionnaire, un modèle de protection des droits de l'homme et une avancée significative vers une véritable transition démocratique. Elle est venue clore une transition constitutionnelle particulièrement chaotique, entamée avec la chute du président Hosni Moubarak en 2011. A travers une analyse comparative de la Constitution de 2014 avec les deux textes qui l'ont précédée (2012 et 1971), et en particulier des dispositions relatives aux droits de l'homme et traitant de l'identité de l'Etat, cette contribution montre que ce texte, qui devait constituer une rupture avec le passé et rectifier celle de 2012 - présentée comme la Constitution islamique d'un Etat théocratique, se situe davantage dans la continuité que dans la rupture de l'ordre constitutionnel égyptien et renforce le pouvoir plus qu'il ne l'encadre

Political dimensions of gender inclusive writing in Parisian universities

Écriture inclusive (EI) has long been the topic of public debates in France. These debates have become more intense in recent years, often focusing on the higher education system and culminating in the formulation of three separate laws banning it for public administration. In this paper, we investigate the foundations of these conflicts through a large quantitative corpus study of the (non)use of EI in Parisian undergraduate brochures. Our results suggest that Parisian university professors use EI not only to ensure gender neutral reference but also as a tool to construct their political identities. We show that both the use of EI and its particular forms are conditioned by how brochure writers position themselves on non gender‐related‐related issues within the French university's political landscape, which explains how conflicts surrounding a linguistic practice have become understood as conflicts about larger issues in French society. Our paper thus provides new information to be taken into account in the formulation and promotion of nonsexist language policies and sheds light on how feminist linguistic activism and its opposition are deeply intertwined with other kinds of social activism in present‐day France

Legal Philosophy in the Twentieth Century: The Civil Law World. Tome 1: Language Areas. Tome 2: Main Orientations and Topics

"A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence" is the first-ever treatment of issues in legal philosophy and general jurisprudence in a single multivolume work offering a perspective at once theoretical and historical. Volume 12 of the Treatise, titled "Legal Philosophy in the Twentieth Century: The Civil-Law World" is a two-tome volume offering the first comprehensive account of the complex development that legal philosophy has undergone in continental Europe and Latin America since 1900. In Tome 1 of this volume, scholars from the different language areas making up the civil-law world give an account of the way legal philosophy has evolved in these areas in the 20th century, the outcome being an overall mosaic of civil-law legal philosophy in this arc of time. Tome 2, which instead takes a more thematic approach, traces out the development that legal philosophy has undergone in the 20th century, focusing on four of its main strands (namely, legal positivism, legal realism, natural law theory, and the theory of legal reasoning) and discussing the different conceptions that have been put forward under these labels. The volume is thus structured in such a way that the historical analysis can be viewed in light of the subsequent developments in the contemporary theoretical debate