Clinical relevance of nine transcriptional molecular markers for the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in tissue and saliva rinse

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Analysis of 23 published transcriptome studies allowed us to identify nine genes displaying frequent alterations in HNSCC (<it>FN1, MMP1, PLAU, SPARC</it>, <it>IL1RN, KRT4, KRT13, MAL</it>, and <it>TGM3</it>). We aimed to independently confirm these dysregulations and to identify potential relationships with clinical data for diagnostic, staging and prognostic purposes either at the tissue level or in saliva rinse.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For a period of two years, we systematically collected tumor tissue, normal matched mucosa and saliva of patients diagnosed with primary untreated HNSCC. Expression levels of the nine genes of interest were measured by RT-qPCR in tumor and healthy matched mucosa from 46 patients. <it>MMP1 </it>expression level was measured by RT-qPCR in the salivary rinse of 51 HNSCC patients and 18 control cases.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Dysregulation of the nine genes was confirmed by the Wilcoxon test. <it>IL1RN, MAL </it>and <it>MMP1 </it>were the most efficient diagnostic markers of HNSCC, with ROC AUC > 0.95 and both sensitivity and specificity above 91%. No clinically relevant correlation was found between gene expression level in tumor and T stage, N stage, tumor grade, global survival or disease-free survival. Our preliminary results suggests that with 100% specificity, <it>MMP1 </it>detection in saliva rinse is potentially useful for non invasive diagnosis of HNSCC of the oral cavity or oropharynx, but technical improvement is needed since sensitivity was only 20%.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p><it>IL1RN, MAL </it>and <it>MMP1 </it>are prospective tumor diagnostic markers for HNSCC. <it>MMP1 </it>overexpression is the most promising marker, and its detection could help identify tumor cells in tissue or saliva.</p

Endogenous Retinoic Acid Activity in Principal Cells and Intercalated Cells of Mouse Collecting Duct System

Background: Retinoic acid is the bioactive derivative of vitamin A, which plays an indispensible role in kidney development by activating retinoic acid receptors. Although the location, concentration and roles of endogenous retinoic acid in postnatal kidneys are poorly defined, there is accumulating evidence linking post-natal vitamin A deficiency to impaired renal concentrating and acidifying capacity associated with increased susceptibility to urolithiasis, renal inflammation and scarring. The aim of this study is to examine the presence and the detailed localization of endogenous retinoic acid activity in neonatal, young and adult mouse kidneys, to establish a fundamental ground for further research into potential target genes, as well as physiological and pathophysiological roles of endogenous retinoic acid in the post-natal kidneys.Methodology/Principal Findings: RARE-hsp68-lacZ transgenic mice were employed as a reporter for endogenous retinoic acid activity that was determined by X-gal assay and immunostaining of the reporter gene product, beta-galactosidase. Double immunostaining was performed for beta-galactosidase and markers of kidney tubules to localize retinoic acid activity. Distinct pattern of retinoic acid activity was observed in kidneys, which is higher in neonatal and 1- to 3-week-old mice than that in 5- and 8-week-old mice. The activity was present specifically in the principal cells and the intercalated cells of the collecting duct system in all age groups, but was absent from the glomeruli, proximal tubules, thin limbs of Henle's loop and distal tubules.Conclusions/Significance: Endogenous retinoic acid activity exists in principal cells and intercalated cells of the mouse collecting duct system after birth and persists into adulthood. This observation provides novel insights into potential roles for endogenous retinoic acid beyond nephrogenesis and warrants further studies to investigate target genes and functions of endogenous retinoic acid in the kidney after birth, particularly in the collecting duct system

Une nouvelle tordeuse en Turquie, Cydia turcianae n.sp. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)

A new Tortricid species (Cydia turcianae n. sp.) from Turkey, captured in sticky traps baited with synthetic sex attractant, is described by wing patterns and male genitalia.Cette note concerne la description de l'habitus et des genitalia d'une nouvelle espèce de Tordeuse (Cydia turcianae n. sp.) de Turquie, capturée au moyen de pièges englués appâtés avec des attractifs sexuels de synthèse.Chambon Jean-Pierre, Witzgall P., Bengtsson M. Une nouvelle tordeuse en Turquie, Cydia turcianae n.sp. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 98 (2), juin 1993. pp. 181-183

Une nouvelle tordeuse en Turquie, Cydia turcianae n.sp. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)

A new Tortricid species (Cydia turcianae n. sp.) from Turkey, captured in sticky traps baited with synthetic sex attractant, is described by wing patterns and male genitalia.Cette note concerne la description de l'habitus et des genitalia d'une nouvelle espèce de Tordeuse (Cydia turcianae n. sp.) de Turquie, capturée au moyen de pièges englués appâtés avec des attractifs sexuels de synthèse.Chambon Jean-Pierre, Witzgall P., Bengtsson M. Une nouvelle tordeuse en Turquie, Cydia turcianae n.sp. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 98 (2), juin 1993. pp. 181-183

Prepubertal testis development relies on retinoic acid but not rexinoid receptors in Sertoli cells

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TIF1beta association with HP1 is essential for post-gastrulation development, but not for Sertoli cell functions during spermatogenesis

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