Outcomes of reconstructive surgery of tuberculosis affecting the ureter and bladder

Background: Genito-urinary tuberculosis (GUTB) affects kidneys and bladder more frequently leading to scarring and eventually loss of function. Reconstructive surgical procedures are implemented to preserve the function by relieving obstruction of the urinary tract. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of urinary reconstructive surgical procedures in terms of improvement in renal function and quality of life.Methods: This was retrospective analysis of all patients treated for tuberculous stricture of the ureter and scarring of the bladder from January 2001 to December 2005. Outcome of interventions were assessed using IVU, TC-DTPA renogram and serum creatinine level.Results: Among the 160 genito-urinary tuberculosis cases diagnosed in the 5 year period, only 51 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were managed with reconstructive surgery alone or in combination with temporary diversion. Sixteen (31.5%) patients had elevated serum creatinine level greater than 1.5mg% out of which Nadir serum creatinine level less than 1.5mg% was found in only 9 patients following various procedures. Pan urethral or multiple segment involvement occurred in 24 ureters of which 10 required eventual definitive reconstructive surgery. Twenty eight bladders were found scarred of which 17 needed augmentation procedures.Conclusions: Based on acceptable renal function using Tc-scan, renogram and other functional assessments an overall favourable outcome of 92% at median follow up of 18 (6-48) months was observed

Inter-cluster reactivity of Metallo-aromatic and anti-aromatic Compounds and Their Applications in Molecular Electronics: A Theoretical Investigation

Local reactivity descriptors such as the condensed local softness and Fukui function have been employed to investigate the inter-cluster reactivity of the metallo-aromatic (Al4Li- and Al4Na-) and anti-aromatic (Al4Li4 and Al4Na4) compounds. We use the concept of group softness and group Fukui function to study the strength of the nucleophilicity of the Al4 unit in these compounds. Our analysis shows that the trend of nucleophilicity of the Al4 unit in the above clusters is as follows; Al4Li- > Al4Na- > Al4Li4 > Al4Na 4 For the first time we have used the reactivity descriptors to show that these clusters can act as electron donating systems and thus can be used as a molecular cathode.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure and 1 table of conten

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in pericardial diseases

The pericardium and pericardial diseases in particular have received, in contrast to other topics in the field of cardiology, relatively limited interest. Today, despite improved knowledge of pathophysiology of pericardial diseases and the availability of a wide spectrum of diagnostic tools, the diagnostic challenge remains. Not only the clinical presentation may be atypical, mimicking other cardiac, pulmonary or pleural diseases; in developed countries a shift for instance in the epidemiology of constrictive pericarditis has been noted. Accurate decision making is crucial taking into account the significant morbidity and mortality caused by complicated pericardial diseases, and the potential benefit of therapeutic interventions. Imaging herein has an important role, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is definitely one of the most versatile modalities to study the pericardium. It fuses excellent anatomic detail and tissue characterization with accurate evaluation of cardiac function and assessment of the haemodynamic consequences of pericardial constraint on cardiac filling. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge how CMR can be used to study the most common pericardial diseases

Outcomes of Reconstructive Surgery of Tuberculosis Affecting the Ureter and Bladder

Background : Genito-urinary tuberculosis (GUTB) affects kidneys and bladder more frequently leading to scarring and eventually loss of function. Reconstructive surgical procedures are implemented to preserve the function by relieving obstruction of the urinary tract. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of urinary reconstructive surgical procedures in terms of improvement in renal function and quality of life. Methods :This was retrospective analysis of all patients treated for tuberculous stricture of the ureter and scarring of the bladder from January 2001 to December 2005. Outcome of interventions were assessed using IVU, TC-DTPA renogram and serum creatinine level. Results : Among the 160 genito-urinary tuberculosis cases diagnosed in the 5 year period, only 51 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were managed with reconstructive surgery alone or in combination with temporary diversion. Sixteen (31.5%) patients had elevated serum creatinine level greater than 1.5mg% out of which Nadir serum creatinine level less than 1.5mg% was found in only 9 patients following various procedures. Pan urethral or multiple segment involvement occurred in 24 ureters of which 10 required eventual definitive reconstructive surgery. Twenty eight bladders were found scarred of which 17 needed augmentation procedures. Conclusion : Based on acceptable renal function using Tc-scan, renogram and other functional assessments an overall favourable outcome of 92% at median follow up of 18 (6-48) months was observed

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Not AvailableThe aim of the study was to develop ready-to-serve bread spread from crab meat. Bread spread was processed at 115, 121.1 and 1300C to an F0 value of 6 min. The effect of three different process temperatures on the chemical, physical and microbial quality was analysed. Heating lag factor (Jh) was highest for the product processed at 1150C whereas cooling lag factor (Jc) was highest for the product processed at 1300C. A reduction of 39.25 and 29.21% in process time was observed for the product processed at 130 and 121.10C respectively compared to product processed at 1150C. All the products were commercially sterile. TVB-N, TMA-N, TBA and FFA values increased upon thermal processing. Least increase of TVB-N and TMA-N was for the product processed at 1300C whereas least increase of FFA value was observed for the product processed at 121.10C. Thermal processing at higher temperature increased the loss of amino acids significantly (p<0.05). Sensorially, the product processed at 121.10C rated better compared to 115 and 1300C.Not Availabl

Standardizing the assessment of citizen scientists’ motivations: a motivational goal-based approach

Science Communication and Societ