Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengaduk dan Waktu Fermentasi terhadap Konsentrasi Bioetanol pada Fermentasi Nira Nipah Kental Menggunakan Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

In Riau province the existence of palm is abundant. Nipah can potentially supply biofuels because Its sap has a sugar content of 15-20% which can be converted into bioethanol. Bioethanol is ethanol produced from raw materials containing starch, sugar and cellulose through a process of fermentation and distillation that can be used as an alternative fuel which is environmentally friendly and renewable. To be Able to produce bioethanol from nypa sap in a laboratory scale, it is necessary to study the manufacture of bioethanol from nypa sap through fermentation by using Sacharomyces cerevisiae fermentation medium volume of 2 liters. The objective of the research is to convert the sugar in the nypa sap through fermentation into bioethanol and to observe the effect of stirring speed, viscosity of the juice in the fermentation medium and fermentation time on bioethanol production using Sacharomyces cereviceae. Through the process of fermentation using yeast Sacharomyces cereviceae, glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Preparation starter was made with yeast inoculum process Sacharomyces cereviceae at 10% of the yeast fermentation medium, therefore it can be adaptable and ready for fermentation. Fermentation takes place in batches with a volume of 2 liters of fermentation medium, stirring speed variation of 150, 200, 250 rpm and viscosity sap by evaporation at 20% (v/v) as well as variations in the fermentation time of 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Temperature fermentation at room temperatur is 25 – 30oC. Ethanol concentration was Analyzed by using Gas Chromatography. The optimum fermentation process is shown in the stirring speed of 200 rpm with sap viscosity of 20% (v/v) and fermentation hours 36th, therefore it was obtained 15,407% (v/v) or 121,604 mg/ml

Comparative study on the accelerated thermal aging behavior between palm and rapeseed natural ester oils

The suitability of natural ester oils as an insulating medium in power transformers is discussed in this paper. Owing to environmental concerns, natural ester oils have great potential as mineral oil substitutes in power transformers. In this paper, the aging behaviors of palm and rapeseed natural ester oils were compared with that for mineral oil. The performance of these natural ester oils was assessed based on their properties (moisture content, acidity, and relative content of dissolved decay products) after accelerated thermal aging. The results showed that the palm oil has better performance compared to the rapeseed oil after accelerated thermal aging for 1500 h because of its lower acidity. This was further supported by the presence of sludge in the rapeseed oil after 1500 h of aging

A study of moisture effects on the breakdown voltage and spectral characteristics of mineral and palm oil-based insulation oils

Based on a theoretical perspective, the primary function of insulation oils is to dissipate heat, and it serves as an insulator in between turn-to-turn windings in power transformers. To date, the majority of power transformer failures is attributed to the physicochemical reaction that takes place in the insulation oils due to the presence of heat, moisture content, oxidation and electrical stresses. Knowing that moisture content is one of the factors that leads to the degradation of transformer insulation oils, the main objective of this study is to examine the effects of moisture content on the breakdown voltage and Fourier transform infrared spectral characteristics of transformer insulation oils. Two types of insulation oils are chosen for this study: (1) conventional mineral-based insulation oil and (2) palm oil-based insulation oil which is a relatively new substitute for mineral-based insulation oils in Malaysia. The effects of moisture content is investigated by varying the amount of distilled water added into the oil samples from 1 to 5 ml, with an increment of 1 ml. Breakdown voltage test is conducted six times and the mean breakdown voltage is determined for each oil sample. The spectral characteristics of the oil samples are determined by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The breakdown voltage test and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry is carried out in accordance with the MS IEC 60156:2012 and ASTM D2144 standards, ensuring the reliability of the test procedures. Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that moisture content has a significant effect on the breakdown voltage and spectral characteristics of mineral and palm oil-based insulation oils - however, the effect is more pronounced for the mineral oil samples. Analysis of the Fourier transform infrared spectra reveals that the chemical composition of PFAE oil samples is not significantly influenced by moisture content and thus, this oil is a promising alternative for use as insulation oil in power transformers

Pemanfaatan Briket Arang Tempurung Kelapa sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif di Desa Banjar Wangi, Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara tropis yang memiliki tanaman kelapa yang berlimpah. Tanaman kelapa memiliki banyak manfaat mulai dari akar, pohon hingga buahnya. Saat ini, pohon kelapa sudah banyak dimanfaatkan namun belum optimal, khususnya limbah padat kelapa. Limbah padat kelapa dapat diubah menjadi briket yang dapat dimanfaatkan lebih lanjut sebagai bahan bakar alternatif yang ramah lingkungan. Briket adalah sebuah blok bahan yang dapat menjadi bahan bakar untuk memulai dan mempertahankan api. Desa Banjar Wangi, Kecamatan Polosari, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten merupakan salah satu desa yang sebagian besar masyarakatnya memasak dengan kayu bakar. Kayu bakar merupakan bahan bakar yang murah dan mudah didapatkan dibandingkan gas elpiji. Selain itu, Desa Banjar Wangi dikenal sebagai salah satu daerah penghasil tempurung kelapa, namun tidak dimanfaatkan dengan optimal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan pemahaman dan kesadaran dalam pengolahan tempurung kelapa menjadi briket melalui pelatihan kepada masyarakat agar meningkatkan nilai tambah dari limbah dan menambah penghasilan masyarakat. Pelatihan diikuti dengan 30 peserta yang melibatkan mahasiswa. Pelatihan ini meliputi tahap pembersihan tempurung kelapa, pembakaran, penggilingan, pencetakan dan pengeringan sehingga didapatkan briket arang tempurung kelapa

The Steroid Hormone Profile in Etawah Crossbreed Goat While Ovulation Induced Using the Selectsynch Method

This study aimed to provide alternative information and solutions in an effort to increase reproductive productivity in etawah crossbreed goats (PE). The sample used in this study was 10 female PE with an average age of 2.5 - 3 years and primiparous at least . Ovulation induction was performed using 0.1 mg intra-muscular Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH), after seven days injection of Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) was given as much as 2.5 mg submucosa of the vulva, followed by a second injection of GnRH as much as 0,2 mg intramuscular in samples that have really experienced heat and selected selectively according to the signs of natural heat shown by the sample and followed by insemination as much as 2 doses or 0.50 ml of frozen semen. Blood sampling was performed at H0, H7th, H14th and H21th after insemination. All blood samples were collected and progesterone and estrogen hormone profiles were examined using the ELISA method. From the results of the ELISA test, the mean progesterone hormone profile H0 = 4.798 ng / ml, H7th = 4.887 ng / ml, H14th = 4.824 ng / ml, H21th = 5.148 ng / ml. The profile of the hormone estrogen at H0 = 19,461 pg / ml, H7th = 17,457 pg / ml, H14th = 18,248 pg / ml, H21th = 17,515 pg / ml. This study showed an increase in the levels of the progesterone hormone at H0 to H7th, then slightly decreased in H14th and a significant increase in H21th. For the estrogen hormone, there is a decrease from H0 to H7th then there is a slight increase in H14th and decreases again in H21th

The Pengaruh Pemberian Ragi Roti dengan Dosis yang Berbeda terhadap Kepadatan Rotifera (Brachionus Plicatilis)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis ragi roti yang berbeda terhadap kepadatan rotifera (Brachionus plicatilis). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2021 di Laboratorium Perikanan Terpadu, Universitas Sulawesi Barat. Rotifera dikultur dengan pemberian pakan alami Nannochloropsis sp.  sebanyak 41 ml dengan penambahan berbagai dosis ragi roti. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu perlakuan A sebagai kontrol yakni penambahan ragi roti dengan dosis 0,0 mg/L, perlakuan B dosis 15,0 mg/L, perlakuan C dosis 30,0 mg/L, dan perlakuan D dosis 45,0 mg/L. Parameter yang diujikan yaitu kepadatan rotifera. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan ragi roti dengan dosis yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kepadatan rotifera pada hari ke-3 sampai hari ke-5 pemeliharaan. Kepadatan rotifera tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan B yakni pemeliharaan hari ke-4 dengan pakan ragi roti sebanyak 15,0 mg/L yaitu 3.999.333 ind/L, kemudian di ikuti perlakuan A (kontrol) yakni 2.999.667 ind/L, perlakuan C yakni 2.583.000 ind/L dan terendah pada perlakuan D yaitu 2.249.667 ind/L. A B S T R A C T The present study aimed to determine the effect of different doses of baker's yeast on the density of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis). This study was conducted in August 2021 at the Integrated Fisheries Laboratory, West Sulawesi University. Rotifers were cultured with natural feed Nannochloropsis sp. with a density of 41 ml with the addition of various doses of baker's yeast. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, treatment was used for experimental design with the addition of baker's yeast at a dose of 0.0 mg/L, treatment B with 15.0 mg/L dose, treatment C at a dose of 30.0 mg. /L, and treatment D with 45.0 mg/L doses. The parameter tested is the density of rotifers. Data analysis used ANOVA with a 95% confidence level. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the feeding of baker's yeast with different doses had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the maintenance of the density of rotifers on the 3rd to 5th day. The highest density of rotifers was obtained in treatment B, rotifers maintenance on the 4th day with 15.0 mg/L yeast feed, which was 3,999,333 ind/L, then followed by treatment A (control) which was 2,999,667 ind/L), treatment C namely 2,583,000 ind/L and the lowest in treatment D was 2,249,667 ind/L. &nbsp

Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Itik Alabio di Daerah Sentra Peternakan Desa Sungai Pandan, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara, Kalimantan Selatan

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan 20 itik Alabio betina siap bertelur dengan rentang usia 6 bulan dan untuk pemeriksaan kualitas telur untuk masing-masing kelompok 10 sampel. Pengamatan tingkat produksi telur dilakukan selama tiga bulan dengan 10 pengulangan, kualitas telur (ketebalan kulit telur, persentase kulit telur, persentase kulit telur, persentase albumin, persentase kuning telur, huagh unit, warna kuning telur, kadar protein dan lemak kandungan). Data produksi telur dan kualitas telur diuji menggunakan uji Anova. Hasil pengamatan rata-rata produksi harian telur 15.45 ± 0.12, 14.72 ± 0.10, 14.91 ± 0.09; produksi berat harian (kg/hari) 925.27 ± 7.50, 875.40 ± 6.32, 884 ± 5.03; hasil dari ketebalan kulit telur kualitas 0.33 ± 0.01, 0.33 ± 0.12, 0.33 ± 0.12; persentase kulit telur 11.32 ± 0.93, 11.28 ± 0.10, 11.36 ± 0.05; persentase albumin 55.70 ± 1.08, 56.66 ± 1.22, 56.12 ± 1.00; persen kuning telur 32.07 ± 1.24, 31.55 ± 1.48, 31.64 ± 1.20; Haugh unit 88.70 ± 6.21, 91.41 ± 6.70, 94.51 ± 5.06. Warna kuning masing-masing memiliki skor 15. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa produksi dan kualitas telur itik Alabio baik