11 research outputs found
Deep Omni-supervised Learning for Rib Fracture Detection from Chest Radiology Images
Deep learning (DL)-based rib fracture detection has shown promise of playing
an important role in preventing mortality and improving patient outcome.
Normally, developing DL-based object detection models requires huge amount of
bounding box annotation. However, annotating medical data is time-consuming and
expertise-demanding, making obtaining a large amount of fine-grained
annotations extremely infeasible. This poses pressing need of developing
label-efficient detection models to alleviate radiologists' labeling burden. To
tackle this challenge, the literature of object detection has witnessed an
increase of weakly-supervised and semi-supervised approaches, yet still lacks a
unified framework that leverages various forms of fully-labeled,
weakly-labeled, and unlabeled data. In this paper, we present a novel
omni-supervised object detection network, ORF-Netv2, to leverage as much
available supervision as possible. Specifically, a multi-branch omni-supervised
detection head is introduced with each branch trained with a specific type of
supervision. A co-training-based dynamic label assignment strategy is then
proposed to enable flexibly and robustly learning from the weakly-labeled and
unlabeled data. Extensively evaluation was conducted for the proposed framework
with three rib fracture datasets on both chest CT and X-ray. By leveraging all
forms of supervision, ORF-Netv2 achieves mAPs of 34.7, 44.7, and 19.4 on the
three datasets, respectively, surpassing the baseline detector which uses only
box annotations by mAP gains of 3.8, 4.8, and 5.0, respectively. Furthermore,
ORF-Netv2 consistently outperforms other competitive label-efficient methods
over various scenarios, showing a promising framework for label-efficient
fracture detection.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, and 7 table
ORF-Net: Deep Omni-supervised Rib Fracture Detection from Chest CT Scans
Most of the existing object detection works are based on the bounding box
annotation: each object has a precise annotated box. However, for rib
fractures, the bounding box annotation is very labor-intensive and
time-consuming because radiologists need to investigate and annotate the rib
fractures on a slice-by-slice basis. Although a few studies have proposed
weakly-supervised methods or semi-supervised methods, they could not handle
different forms of supervision simultaneously. In this paper, we proposed a
novel omni-supervised object detection network, which can exploit multiple
different forms of annotated data to further improve the detection performance.
Specifically, the proposed network contains an omni-supervised detection head,
in which each form of annotation data corresponds to a unique classification
branch. Furthermore, we proposed a dynamic label assignment strategy for
different annotated forms of data to facilitate better learning for each
branch. Moreover, we also design a confidence-aware classification loss to
emphasize the samples with high confidence and further improve the model's
performance. Extensive experiments conducted on the testing dataset show our
proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches consistently,
demonstrating the efficacy of deep omni-supervised learning on improving rib
fracture detection performance
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Fabrication and characterization of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice long-wavelength infrared detectors aiming high temperature sensitivity
CEPC Conceptual Design Report: Volume 2 - Physics & Detector
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a large international scientific facility proposed by the Chinese particle physics community to explore the Higgs boson and provide critical tests of the underlying fundamental physics principles of the Standard Model that might reveal new physics. The CEPC, to be hosted in China in a circular underground tunnel of approximately 100 km in circumference, is designed to operate as a Higgs factory producing electron-positron collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV. The collider will also operate at around 91.2 GeV, as a Z factory, and at the WW production threshold (around 160 GeV). The CEPC will produce close to one trillion Z bosons, 100 million W bosons and over one million Higgs bosons. The vast amount of bottom quarks, charm quarks and tau-leptons produced in the decays of the Z bosons also makes the CEPC an effective B-factory and tau-charm factory. The CEPC will have two interaction points where two large detectors will be located. This document is the second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). It presents the physics case for the CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations. The final CEPC detectors will be proposed and built by international collaborations but they are likely to be composed of the detector technologies included in the conceptual designs described in this document. A separate volume, Volume I, recently released, describes the design of the CEPC accelerator complex, its associated civil engineering, and strategic alternative scenarios
CEPC Conceptual Design Report: Volume 2 - Physics & Detector
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a large international scientific facility proposed by the Chinese particle physics community to explore the Higgs boson and provide critical tests of the underlying fundamental physics principles of the Standard Model that might reveal new physics. The CEPC, to be hosted in China in a circular underground tunnel of approximately 100 km in circumference, is designed to operate as a Higgs factory producing electron-positron collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV. The collider will also operate at around 91.2 GeV, as a Z factory, and at the WW production threshold (around 160 GeV). The CEPC will produce close to one trillion Z bosons, 100 million W bosons and over one million Higgs bosons. The vast amount of bottom quarks, charm quarks and tau-leptons produced in the decays of the Z bosons also makes the CEPC an effective B-factory and tau-charm factory. The CEPC will have two interaction points where two large detectors will be located. This document is the second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). It presents the physics case for the CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations. The final CEPC detectors will be proposed and built by international collaborations but they are likely to be composed of the detector technologies included in the conceptual designs described in this document. A separate volume, Volume I, recently released, describes the design of the CEPC accelerator complex, its associated civil engineering, and strategic alternative scenarios