Co-ingestão Fracionada de bicarbonato de sódio e carboidrato aumenta a performance sem desconforto gastrointestinal

A suplementação aguda de Bicarbonato de Sódio (BS) é sugerida como ergogênica, entretanto pode causar Desconforto Gastrointestinal (DGI). Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi observar se a dose fracionada de BS co-ingerida com carboidratos promove efeito ergogênico, sem DGI. Participaram do estudo 5 sujeitos fisicamente ativos e saudáveis (idade: 19 ±4,45 anos; peso: 68,4 ±4,04kg e; altura: 174,5 ±1cm), que consumiram: 5g de BS, em cápsulas, junto a 1,5g·Kg-1 de carboidrato, diluído em 7ml·Kg-1 de água, em quatro momentos, separados por 4 horas (situação BS) ou; uma dose de 3,5g, de suco artificial, diluído em 350ml de água, 30 minutos antes do teste (situação P). Após a suplementação, os sujeitos realizaram um teste experimental de esforço físico até à fadiga volicional. Como resultados, não houve diferença na Frequência Cardíaca-BPM (P: 189,48 ±13; BS 188,10 ±9, p=0,645), e Percepção Subjetiva de Esforço-Borg (P: 17,96 ±3; BS: 17,41 ±4, p=0,506) entre as situações frente ao teste de esforço físico, entretanto, houve diferenças significativas nas concentrações de Lactato-mmol-L (P: 7,20 ±2,82; BS: 9,91 ±4,08, p=0.007) e Tempo Total de Atividade-TTA (P: 376,20’’ ±130,66’’; BS: 461,00 ±218,34’’, p=0,000). Não foi relatado, pelos sujeitos, nenhum tipo de desconforto, em razão dos protocolos de suplementação. Concluímos que em indivíduos fisicamente ativo a suplementação de BA dividida em quatro doses co-ingerida com carboidratos pode ser efetiva para aumentar o desempenho físico sem DGI.

Successive Pandemic Waves with Different Virulent Strains and the Effects of Vaccination for SARS-CoV-2

One hundred years after the flu pandemic of 1918, the world faces an outbreak of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome, caused by a novel coronavirus. With a high transmissibility, the pandemic has spread worldwide, creating a scenario of devastation in many countries. By the middle of 2021, about 3% of the world population had been infected and more than 4 million people had died. Different from the H1N1 pandemic, which had a deadly wave and ceased, the new disease is maintained by successive waves, mainly produced by new virus variants and the small number of vaccinated people. In the present work, we create a version of the SIR model using the spatial localization of persons, their movements, and considering social isolation probabilities. We discuss the effects of virus variants, and the role of vaccination rate in the pandemic dynamics. We show that, unless a global vaccination is implemented, we will have continuous waves of infections

Household-based biodigesters promote reduction of enteric virus and bacteria in vulnerable and poverty rural area.

The present study evaluated the river water quality improvement by implementation of household-based biodigesters in vulnerability and poverty rural area, in Minas Gerais State-Brazil. For that, 78 household-based biodigesters were installed for domestic wastewater treatment. Wastewater was collected before and after treatment and the physicochemical parameters and pathogens removal (human adenovirus (HAdV), hepatitis A (HAV) virus, Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli) were evaluated; Additionally, river water was sampled before and after the household-based biodigesters implementation, to verify the contamination reduction and the positive impact of domestic wastewater treatment on waterborne pathogen reduction, considering HAdV, HAV, Salmonella sp. and E. coli quantification. The applicability in real-scale of decentralized treatment systems using household-based biodigesters promoted reduction of 90, 99, 99.99 and 99.999% from HAV, Salmonella sp., E. coli and HAdV from domestic wastewater, respectively; The river water quality improvement before the wastewater treatment application was highlight in the present study, considering that the reduction of waterborne pathogens in this water in 90, 99.99 and 99.999% of E. coli, HAV and HAdV, respectively (Salmonella sp. was not detected in river water). In general, this is an important study for encouraging the decentralized sanitation in vulnerable and poverty area, as well in rural sites, considering the positive impact of this implementation on public health