Men's Health: A Population-based Study On Social Inequalities [a Saúde Dos Homens: Desigualdades Sociais Em Estudo De Base Populacional]

This study evaluates social inequalities in health according to level of schooling in the male population. This was a cross-sectional, populationbased study with a sample of 449 men ranging from 20 to 59 years of age and living in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The chi-square test was used to verify associations, and a Poisson regression model was used to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. Men with less schooling showed higher rates of alcohol consumption and dependence, smoking, sedentary lifestyle during leisure time, and less healthy eating habits, in addition to higher prevalence of bad or very bad self-rated health, at least one chronic disease, hypertension, and other health problems. No differences were detected between the two schooling strata in terms of use of health services, except for dental services. The findings point to social inequality in health-related behaviors and in some health status indicators. However, possible equity was observed in the use of nearly all types of health services.281121332142Braz, M., A construção da subjetividade masculina e seu impacto sobre a saúde do homem: Reflexão bioética sobre justiça distributiva (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 97-104Laurenti, R., Jorge, M.H.P.M., Goltlieb, S.L.D., Perfil epidemiológico da morbi-mortalidade masculina (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 35-46(2007) Mortalidade em Campinas: Informe do projeto de monitorização dos óbitos no município de Campinas, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/bo42.pdf, (Boletim no. 42, julho a dezembro de, Mortalidade e Gênero). (accessed on 10/Jun/2011). Secretaria Municipal de SaúdeSala, A., Mendes, J.D.V., Perfil da mortalidade masculina no Estado de São Paulo (2010) Boletim Epidemiológico Paulista, 7, pp. 15-25Aspectos demográficos (2010) Síntese de indicadores sociais: Uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira, pp. 27-44. , In: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, organizador. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística;. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaVerbrugge, L.M., Wingard, D.L., Sex differentials in health and mortality (1987) Women Health, 12, pp. 103-145(2009) Portaria no1944, de 27 de agosto de 2009, , Institui no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem. Diário Oficial da União28 ago. Ministério da SaúdeCourtenay, W.H., Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: A theory of gender and health (2000) Soc Sci Med, 50, pp. 1385-1401Gomes, R., Nascimento, E.F., A produção do conhecimento da saúde pública sobre a relação homemsaúde: Uma revisão bibliográfica (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 901-911Louvison, M.C.P., Lebrão, M.L., Duarte, Y.A.O., Laurenti, R., Desigualdades nas condições de saúde e no uso de serviços de saúde entre as pessoas idosas do município de São Paulo: Uma análise de gênero e renda (2008) Saúde Coletiva, 5, pp. 189-194Muntaner, C., Borrell, C., Benach, J., Pasarín, M.I., Fernandez, E., The associations of social class and social stratification with patterns of general and mental health in a Spanish population (2003) Int J Epidemiol, 32, pp. 950-958Arber, S., Comparing inequalities in women's and men's health: Britain in the 1990's (1997) Soc Sci Med, 44, pp. 773-787Alves, M.C.G.P., ISA-Campinas 2008/09: Plano de amostragem, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/plano_de_amostragem.pdf, (accessed on 29/Mar/2012)Barbor, T.E., la Fuente, J.R., Saunders, J., Grant, M., (1992) AUDIT-the alcohol use disorders identification test: Guidelines for use in primary health care, , Geneva: World Health Organization(2000) Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic, , Geneva: World Health Organization;. (WHO Technical Report Series, 894) World Health OrganizationMari, J.J., Williams, P., A validity study of a psychiatric screening questionnaire (SRQ-20) in primary care in the city of Sao Paulo (1986) Br J Psychiatry, 148, pp. 23-26Barros, M.B.A., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Dalgalarrondo, P., Botega, N.J., Perfil do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas: Diferenças sociais e demográficas no Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2003 (2008) Epidemiol Serv Saúde, 17, pp. 259-270Lima-Costa, M.F., A escolaridade afeta, igualmente, comportamentos prejudiciais à saúde de idosos e adultos mais jovens? Inquérito de Saúde da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil (2004) Epidemiol Serv Saúde, 13, pp. 201-208Malyutina, S., Bobak, M., Kurilovitch, D., Nikitin, Y., Marmot, M., Trends in alcohol intake by education and marital status in urban population in Russia between the mid 1980s and the mid 1990s (2004) Alcohol Alcohol, 39, pp. 64-69Barros, M.B.A., Botega, N.J., Dalgalarrondo, P., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Prevalence of alcohol abuse and associated factors in a population-based study (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41, pp. 502-509Guimarães, V.V., Florindo, A.A., Stopa, S.R., César, C.L.G., Barros, M.B.A., Carandina, L., Consumo abusivo e dependência de álcool em população adulta no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 314-325Mendoza-Sassi, R.A., Beria, J.U., Prevalence of alcohol use disorders and associated factors: A populationbased study using AUDIT in southern Brazil (2003) Addiction, 98, pp. 799-804Barros, M.B.A., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Lima, M.G., César, C.L.G., Social inequalities in health among the elderly (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, 27 (SUPPL 2), pp. S198-S208Silva, G.A., Valente, J.G., Almeida, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Tabagismo e escolaridade no Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 48-56Federico, B., Costa, G., Kunst, A.E., Educational inequalities in initiation, cessation, and prevalence of smoking among 3 Italian birth cohorts (2007) Am J Public Health, 97, pp. 838-845Malta, D.C., Moura, E.C., Silva, S.A., Oliveira, P.P.V., Silva, V.L.C., Prevalência do tabagismo em adultos residentes nas capitais dos estados e no Distrito Federal, Brasil, 2008 (2010) J Bras Pneumol, 36, pp. 75-83Moura, E.C., Silva, S.A., Malta, D.C., Morais Neto, O.L., Fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas: Vigilância por meio de inquérito telefônico, VIGITEL, Brasil, 2007 (2011) Cad Saúde Pública, 27, pp. 486-496Zanchetta, L.M., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Alves, M.C.G.P., Inatividade física e fatores associados em adultos, São Paulo, Brasil (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 387-399Jaime, P.C., Monteiro, C.A., Fruit and vegetable intake by Brazilian adults, 2003 (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21 (SUPPL), pp. S19-S24Figueiredo, I.C.R., Jaime, P.C., Monteiro, C.A., Factors associated with fruit and vegetable intake among adults of the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil (2008) Rev Saúde Pública, 42, pp. 777-785Dachs, J.N.W., Determinantes das desigualdades na auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 641-657Barros, M.B.A., Zanchetta, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Auto-avaliação da saúde e fatores associados, Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 27-37Peres, M.A., Masiero, A.V., Longo, G.Z., Rocha, G.C., Matos, I.B., Najnie, K., Auto-avaliação da saúde em adultos no Sul do Brasil (2010) Rev Saúde Pública, 44, pp. 901-911Barros, M.B.A., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Zanchetta, L.M., César, C.L.G., Tendência das desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD: 2003-2008 (2011) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 16, pp. 3755-3768Barreto, S.M., Figueiredo, R.C., Doença crônica, auto-avaliação de saúde e comportamento de risco: Diferença de gênero (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL 2), pp. 38-47Macintyre, S., Der, G., Norrie, J., Are there socioeconomic differences in responses to a commonly used self report measure of chronic illness? (2005) Int J Epidemiol, 34, pp. 1284-1290Westert, G.P., Schellevis, F.G., de Bakker, D.H., Groenewegen, P.P., Bensing, J.M., van der Zee, J., Monitoring health inequalities through general practice: The second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (2005) Eur J Public Health, 15, pp. 59-65Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S., Giatti, L., A situação socioeconômica afeta igualmente a saúde de idosos e adultos mais jovens no Brasil? Um estudo utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios-PNAD/98 (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 813-824Grebla, R.C., Rodriguez, C.J., Borrell, L.N., Pickering, T.G., Prevalence and determinants of isolated systolic hypertension among young adults: The 1999-2004 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010) J Hypertens, 28, pp. 15-23Delpierre, C., Lauwers-Cances, V., Datta, G.D., Berkman, L., Lang, T., Impact of social position on the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on self-rated health (2009) Am J Public Health, 99, pp. 1278-1284Rabiais, S., Nogueira, P.J., Falcão, J.M., (2002) A dor na população portuguesa: Alguns aspectos epidemiológicos, , http://www.doentescomcancro.org/uhdc/pdfs/EstudoDorPopulacaoPortuguesa.pdf, (accessed on 18/Sep/2011)Silva, M.C., Fassa, A.G., Valle, N.C.J., Dor lombar crônica em uma população adulta do Sul do Brasil: Prevalência e fatores associados (2004) Cad Saúde Pública, 20, pp. 377-385Vogt, M., (2000) Prevalência e severidade da dor, cervical e lombar, nos servidores técnico-administrativos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, , Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaCastro, S.S., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Barros, M.B.A., Alves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Deficiência visual, auditiva e física: Prevalência e fatores associados em estudo de base populacional (2008) Cad Saúde Pública, 24, pp. 1773-1782Rysculova, A., Turczyn, K., Makuc, D.M., Cotch, M.F., Klein, R.J., Janiszewski, R., Self-reported age-related eye diseases and visual impairment in the United States: Results of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (2008) Am J Public Health, 98, pp. 454-461Hung, H.C., Colditz, G., Joshipura, K.J., The association between tooth loss and the self-reported intake of selected CVD-related nutrients and foods among US women (2005) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 33, pp. 167-173Araújo, C.S., Lima, R.C., Peres, M.A., Barros, A.J.D., Utilização de serviços odontológicos e fatores associados: Um estudo de base populacional no Sul do Brasil (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25, pp. 1063-1072Baldani, M.H., Brito, W.H., Lawder, J.A.C., Mendes, Y.B.E., Silva, F.F.M., Antunes, J.L.F., Determinantes individuais da utilização de serviços odontológicos por adultos e idosos de baixa renda (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 150-162(2010) Um panorama da saúde no Brasil: Acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde, condições de saúde e fatores de risco e proteção à saúde, 2008, , Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios-PNAD 2008. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística;. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaGilbert, H.G., Access to and patterns of use of oral health care among elderly veterans (1995) Med Care, 33, pp. 78-89Moreira, R.S., Nico, L.S., Tomita, N.E., Ruiz, T., A saúde bucal do idoso brasileiro: Revisão sistemática sobre o quadro epidemiológico e acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21, pp. 1665-1675(2009) Plano de Ação Nacional 2009-2011 da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem, , Brasília: Ministério da Saúde Departamento de Ações Programáticas e Estratégicas, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde, Ministério da Saúd

Common Mental Disorders And The Use Of Psychoactive Drugs: The Impact Of Socioeconomic Conditions

Objective: To evaluate the infl uence of socioeconomic conditions on the association between common mental disorders and the use of health services and psychoactive drugs. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Botucatu, Southeastern Brazil. The sample was probabilistic, stratifi ed and cluster-based. Interviews with 1,023 subjects aged 15 years or over were held in their homes between 2001 and 2002. Common mental disorders were evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The use of services was investigated in relation to the fortnight preceding the interview and the use of psychotropic drugs, over the preceding three days. Logistic regression was used for multivariable analysis, and the design effect was taken into consideration. Results: Out of the whole sample, 13.4% (95% CI: 10.7;16.0) had sought health services over the fortnight preceding the interview. Seeking health services was associated with female gender (OR=2.0) and the presence of common mental disorders (OR=2.2). 13.3% of the sample (95% CI: 9.2;17.5) said they had used at least one psychotropic drug, especially antidepressives (5.0%) and benzodiazepines (3.1%). In the multivariable analysis, female gender and the presence of common mental disorders remained associated with the use of benzodiazepines. Per capita income presented a direct and independent association with the use of psychoactive drugs: the greater the income, the greater the use of these drugs was. Conclusions: Lower income was associated with the presence of common mental disorders, but not with the use of psychotropic drugs. The association of common mental disorders and the use of psychotropic drugs in relation to higher income strengthens the hypothesis that inequality of access to medical services exists among this population.424717723Ballester, D.A., Filipon, A.P., Braga, C., Andreoli, S.B., The general practitioner and mental health problems: Challenges and strategies for medical education (2005) Sao Paulo Med J, 123 (2), pp. 72-76. , doi:10.1590/ S1516-31802005000200008Beck, C.A., Williams, J.V., Wang, J.L., Kassam, A., El-Guebaly, N., Currie, S.R., Psychotropic medication use in Canada (2005) Can J Psychiatry, 50 (10), pp. 605-613Galduroz, J.C., Noto, A.R., Nappo, S.A., Carlini, E.L., First household survey on drug abuse in São Paulo, Brazil, 1999: Principal findings (2003) Sao Paulo Med J, 121 (6), pp. 231-237. , doi:10.1590/S1516-31802003000600003Harding, T.W., Arango, M.V., Baltazar, J., Climent, C.E., Ibrahim, H.H., Ladrido-Ignacio, L., Mental disorders in primary health care: A study of their frequency and diagnosis in four developing countries (1980) Psychol Med, 10 (2), pp. 231-241Hart, J.T., The inverse care law (1971) Lancet, 1 (7696), pp. 405-412Hennekens, C.H., Buring, J.E., (1987) Epidemiology in Medicine, , Boston: Little, Brown and Company;Hosmer, D.W., Lemeshow, S., (1989) Applied Logistic Regression, , New York: John Wiley & Sons;Iacoponi, E., Detecção de distúrbios emocionais pelo médico: Impacto do tipo de trabalho médico e do conceito sobre doenças mentais. (1997) Rev Cienc Med PUCCAMP, 6, pp. 41-45Lima, M.S., Hotopf, M., Mari, J.J., Béria, J.U., De Bastos, A.B., Mann, A., Psychiatric disorder and the use of Benzodiazepines: An example of the inverse care law from Brazil (1999) Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 34 (6), pp. 316-322Maragno, L., Goldbaum, M., Gianini, R.J., Novaes, H.M.D., Cesar, C.L., Prevalência de Transtorno mental comum em populacões atendidas pelo Programa Saúda da família (QUALIS) no município de Sao Paulo, Brasil. (2006) Cad Saude Publica, 22 (8), pp. 1639-1648. , doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2006000800012Mari, J.J., Williams, P., A validity study of a Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in Primary care in the city of São Paulo (1986) Br J Psychiatry, 148, pp. 23-26Mari, J.J., Almeida-Filho, N., Coutinho, E., Andreoli, S.B., Miranda, C.T., Streiner, D., The epidemiology of psychotropic use in the city of São Paulo (1993) Psychol Med, 23 (2), pp. 467-474Marín-Lŕon, L., Oliveira, H.B., Barros, M.B., Dalgalarrondo, P., Botega, N.J., Social inequality and common mental disorders (2007) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 29 (3), pp. 250-253Mendoza-Sassi, R., Béria, J.U., Barros, A.J., Outpatient health service utilization and associated factors: A population-based study (2003) Rev Saude Publica, 37 (3), pp. 372-378Moncrieff, J., Psychiatric drug promotion and the politics of neo-liberalism (2006) Br J Psychiatry, 188, pp. 301-302Patel, V., Araya, R., Lima, M., Ludermir, A., Todd, C., Women, poverty and common mental disorders in four restructuring societies (1999) Soc Sci Med, 49 (11), pp. 1461-1471Rodrigues, M.A., Facchini, L.A., Lima, M.S., Modificações nos padrões de consumo de psicofármacos em localidade do Sul do Brasil. (2006) Rev Saude Publica, 40 (1), pp. 107-114. , doi:10.1590/ S0034-89102006000100017(2000) Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodoly Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment, , World Health Organization, 3. ed. Oslo;Zandstra, S.M., Furer, J.W., van de Lisdonk, E.H., van't Hof, M., Bor, J.H.J., van Well, C., Different study criteria affect the prevalence of benzodiapine use (2002) Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 37 (3), pp. 139-14

Social Inequalities In Health Among The Elderly [desigualdades Sociais Em Saúde Entre Idosos]

The aim of the present study was to assess social inequalities in health status, health behavior and the use of health services based on education level. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out involving 1,518 elderly residents of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Significant demographic and social differences were found between schooling strata. Elderly individuals with a higher degree of schooling are in greater proportion alcohol drinkers, physically active, have healthier diets and a lower prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dizziness, headaches, back pain, visual impairment and denture use, and better self-rated health. But, there were no differences in the use of health services in the previous two weeks, in hospitalizations or surgeries in the previous year, nor in medicine intake over the previous three days. Among elderly people with hypertension and diabetes, there were no differences in the regular use of health services and medication. The results demonstrate social inequalities in different health indicators, along with equity in access to some health service components.27SUPPL.2198208Braveman, P.A., Cubbin, C., Egerter, S., Williams, D.R., Pamuk, E., Socioeconomic disparities in health in the United States: What the patterns tell us (2010) Am J Public Health, 100 (SUPPL. 1), pp. S186-S196Silva, J.B., Barros, M.B.A., Epidemiologia e desigualda-de: Notas sobre a teoria e a história (2002) Rev Panam Salud Pública, 12, pp. 375-383Equitity in health and health care: A WHO/SIDA initiative (1996) Geneva: World Health Organization, , World Health Organization(2008) As Causas Sociais Das Iniqüidades Em Saúde No Brasil/CNDSS, , Comissão Nacional dos Determinantes Sociais em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro: Editora FiocruzMarmot, M., WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Closing the health gap in a generation: The work of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health and its recommendations (2009) Glob Health Promot, (SUPPL. 1), pp. 23-27Gwatkin, D.R., Health inequalities and the health of the poor: What can we do? (2000) Bull World Health Organ, 78, pp. 3-18Liberatos, P., Link, B.G., Kelsey, J.L., The measurement of social class in epidemiology (1988) Epidemiol Rev, 10, pp. 87-120Muntaner, C., Borrel, C., Benach, J., Pasarín, M.I., Fe-Randes, E., The association of social class and social stratification with patterns of general and mental health in a Spanish population (2003) Int J Epidemiol, 32, pp. 950-958Wilkinson, R.G., Income distribution and life expectancy (1992) BMJ, 304, pp. 165-168Espelt, A., Borrell, C., Rodríguez-Sanz, M., Muntaner, C., Pasarín, M.I., Benach, J., Inequalities in health by social class dimensions in European countries of different political traditions (2008) Int J Epidemiol, 37, pp. 1095-1105Robert, S., House, J., SES differentials in health by age and alternative indicators of SES (1996) J Aging Health, 8, pp. 359-388Crimmins, E.M., Kim, J.K., Seeman, T.E., Poverty and biological risk: The earlier "aging" of the poor (2009) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 64, pp. 286-292Adams, J.M., White, M., Biological ageing: A fundamental, biological link between socioeconomic status and health? (2004) Eur J Public Health, 14, pp. 331-334Huisman, M., Kunst, A.E., Mackenbach, J.P., Socioeco-nomic inequalities in morbidity among the elderly: A European overview (2003) Soc Sci Med, 57, pp. 861-873Kaplan, M.S., Huguet, N., Feeny, D.H., McFarland, B.H., Self-reported hypertension prevalence and income among older adults in Canada and the United States (2010) Soc Sci Med, 70, pp. 844-849Fang, R., Kmetic, A., Millar, J., Drasic, L., Disparities in chronic disease among Canada's low-income populations (2009) Prev Chronic Dis, 6, pp. A115Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., (2008) As Dimensões Da Saúde: Inquérito Populacio-nal Em Campinas, S P, , São Paulo: Editora HucitecBarbor, T.E., la Fuente, J.R., Saunders, J., Grant, M., (1992) AUDIT-The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Guidelines For Use In Primary Health Care, , Geneva: World Health OrganizationCervi, A., Franceschni, S.C.C., Priore, S.E., Análise crítica do uso do índice de massa corporal para idosos (2005) Rev Nutr, 18, pp. 765-775Mari, J.J., Williams, P., A validity study of a psychiatric screening questionnaire (SRQ-20) in primary care in the city of Sao Paulo (1986) Br J Psychiatry, 148, pp. 23-26Mackenbach, J.P., Stirbu, I., Roskam, A.J., Schaap, M.M., Menvielle, G., Leinsalu, M., Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries (2008) N Engl J Med, 358, pp. 2468-2481(2004) Bra-sil, 15 Capitais E Distrito Federal, 2002-2003, , Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Inquérito domiciliar sobre comportamentos de risco e morbidade refe-rida de doenças e agravos não transmissíveis, Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Nacional de Câncer(2008) Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico. Brasí-lia, , Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Secretaria de Gestão Estratégica e Participativa. VIGITEL Brasil 2007, Ministério da Saúde, Série G. Estatísticas e Informação em Saúde)Mendoza-Sassi, R.A., Beria, J.U., Prevalence of alcohol use disorders and associated factors: A population-based study using AUDIT in southern Brazil (2003) Addiction, 98, pp. 799-804Barros, M.B.A., Botega, N., Dalgalarrondo, P., Marin-Le-on, L., Oliveira, H.B., Prevalence of alcohol abuse and associated factors in a population-based study (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41, pp. 502-509Shankar, A., McMunn, A., Steptoe, A., Health-related behaviors in older adults relationships with socio-economic status (2010) Am J Prev Med, 38, pp. 39-46Florindo, A.A., Hallal, P.C., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Practice of physical activities and associated factors in adults, Brazil (2006) Rev Saúde Pública 200943 Suppl, 2, pp. S65-S73Azevedo-e-Silva, G., Valente, J.G., Almeida, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Tobacco smoking and level of education in Brazil (2006) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (2 SUPPL.), pp. S48-S56Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O., Lima-Costa, M.F., Factors associated to smoking habit among older adults (The Bambuí Health and Aging Study) (2005) Rev Saúde Públi-ca, 39, pp. 746-753Jaime, P.C., Figueiredo, I.C., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption in Brazil (2006) Rev Saúde Pública 200943 Suppl, 2, pp. S57-S64Salehi, L., Eftekhar, H., Mohammad, K., Tavafian, S.S., Jazayery, A., Montazeri, A., Consumption of fruit and vegetables among elderly people: A cross sectional study from Iran (2010) Nutr J, 13, p. 2Stringhini, S., Sabia, S., Shipley, M., Brunner, E., Nabi, H., Kivimaki, M., Association of socioeconom-ic position with health behaviors and mortality (2010) JAMA, 303, pp. 1159-1166Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Torre, G.D., Desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD-2003 (2006) Ciênc Saúde Cole-tiva, 11, pp. 911-926Machado, G.P.M., Barreto, S.M., Passos, V.M.A., Lima-Costa, M.F., Projeto Bambuí: Prevalência de sin-tomas articulares crônicos em idosos (2004) Rev Assoc Med Bras, 50, pp. 367-372Barreto, S.M., Figueiredo, R.C., Doença crônica, au-to-avaliação de saúde e comportamento de risco: Diferença de gênero (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 38-47Lethbridge-Cejku, M., Schiller, J.S., Bernadel, L., Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2002 (2004) Vital Health Stat, 10 (222), pp. 1-151Frazão, P., Costa, C.M., Almeida, M.F., Risks associated with tendinitis: Effects from demographic, socio-economic, and psychological status among Brazilian workers (2010) Am J Ind Med, 53, pp. 72-79Ryskulova, A., Turczyn, K., Makuc, D.M., Cotch, M.F., Klein, R.J., Janiszewski, R., Self reported age-related eye diseases and visual impairment in the United States: Results of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (2008) Am J Public Health, 98, pp. 454-461Castro, S.S., César, C.L., Carandina, L., Barros, M.B.A., Al-Ves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Deficiência visual, audi-tiva e física: Prevalência e fatores associados em estudo de base populacional (2008) Cad Saúde Pública, 24, pp. 1773-1782Barros, M.B.A., Zanchetta, L.M., Moura, E.C., Malta, D.C., Auto-avaliação da saúde e fatores associados, Bra-sil (2006) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (2 SUPPL.), pp. S27-S37Alves, L.C., Leite, I.D., Machado, C.J., Factors associated with functional disability of elderly in Brazil: A multilevel analysis (2010) Rev Saúde Pública, 44, pp. 468-478Barros, A.J.D., Bertoldi, A.D., Desigualdades na utili-zação e no acesso a serviços odontológicos: Uma avaliação em nível nacional (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 709-717Patel, R., Lawlor, D.A., Ebrahim, S., British Women's Heart and Health Study cohort. Socio-economic position and the use of preventive health care in older British women: A cross-sectional study using data from the British Women's Heart and Health Study cohort (2007) Fam Pract, 24, pp. 7-10Zaitune, M.P.A., Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Hipertensão em idosos: Prevalên-cia, fatores associados e práticas de controle no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 285-294Silveira, E.A., Araújo, C.L., Gigante, D.P., Barros, A.J.D., Lima, M.S., Validação do peso e altura referidos para o diagnóstico do estado nutricional em uma popula-ção de adultos no Sul do Brasil (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21, pp. 235-245Skinner, K.M., Miller, D.R., Lincoln, E., Lee, A., Kazis, L.E., Concordance between respondent self-reports and medical records for chronic conditions: Experience from the Veterans Health Study (2005) J Ambul Care Manage, 28, pp. 102-110Knight, M., Stewart-Brown, S., Fletcher, L., Estimating health needs: The impact of a checklist of conditions and quality of life measurement on health information derived from community surveys (2001) J Public Health Med, 23, pp. 179-186Mackenbach, J.P., Looman, C.W., van der Meer, J.B., Differences in the misreporting of chronic conditions, by level of education: The effect on inequalities in prevalence rates (1996) Am J Public Health, 86, pp. 706-71

Health Related Quality Of Life Among The Elderly: A Population-based Study Using Sf-36 Survey [qualidade De Vida Relacionada á Saúde Em Idosos, Avaliada Com O Uso Do Sf-36 Em Estudo De Base Populacional]

As life expectancy continues to rise, one of the greatest challenges of public health is to improve the quality of later years of life. The aim of this present study was to analyze the quality of life profile of the elderly across different demographic and socioeconomic factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two stages, involving 1,958 individuals aged 60 years or more. Health related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. The lowest scores were found among measures for vitality, mental health and general health and the highest among factors including social functioning and role limitations due to emotional and physical factors. HRQOL was found to be worse among women, in individuals at advanced ages, those who practiced evangelical religions and those with lower levels of income and schooling. The greatest differences in SF-36 scores between the categories were observed in functional capacity and physical factors. The results suggest that healthcare programs for the elderly should take into account the multi-dimensionality of health and social inequalities so that interventions can target the most affected elements of HRQOL as well as the most vulnerable subgroups of the population.251021592167Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Torre, G.D., Desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD-2003 (2006) Ciênc Saúde Cole-tiva, 11, pp. 911-26Ramos, L.R., Fatores determinantes do envelheci-mento saudável em idosos residentes em centrourbano (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19, pp. 793-8. , Projeto Epidoso, São PauloBowling, A., Brazier, J., Quality of life in social science and medicine (1995) Soc Sci Med, 41, pp. 1337-8Position paper from the World Health Organization (1995) The World Health Organization Quality of Life As-sessment (whoqol), 41, pp. 1403-9Seidl, E.M.F., Zannon, C.M.L.C., Qualidade de vida e saúde: Aspectos conceituais e metodológicos (2004) Cad Saúde Pública, 20, pp. 580-8(2000) Measuring Health Days, , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and PreventionIdler, E.L., Benyamini, Y., Self-rated health and mortality: A review of twenty-seven community studies (1997) J Health Soc Behav, 38, pp. 21-37Viacava, F., Informações em saúde: A importância dos inquéritos populacionais (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 607-21Ware, J.E., Gandek, B., Overview of the SF-36 Health Survey and International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) project (1998) J Clin Epidemiol, 51, pp. 903-12Tsay, S.Y., Chi, L.Y., Lee, C.H., Chou, P., Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality among community-dwelling older persons (2007) Eur J Epidemiol, 22, pp. 19-26Ciconelli, R.M., Ferraz, M.B., Santos, W., Meinão, I., Qua-Resma, M.R., Tradução para a língua portuguesa e validação do questionário genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida SF-36 (Brasil SF-36) (1999) Rev Bras Reumatol, 39, pp. 143-50Perkins, A.J., Stump, T.E., Monahan, P.O., McHorney, C.A., Assessment of differential item functioning for demographic comparisons in the MOS SF-36 health survey (2006) Qual Life Res, 15, pp. 331-48Wyss, K., Wagner, A.K., Whiting, D., Mtasiwa, D.M., Tanner, M., Gandek, B., Validation of the Kiswalhili version of the SF-36 Health Survey in a representative sample of an urban population in Tanzania (1999) Qual Life Res, 8, pp. 111-20Li, L., Wang, H.M., Shen, Y., Chinese SF-36 Health Survey: Translation, cultural adaptation, validation and normalization (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health, 57, pp. 259-65Cesar, C.L.G., (2005) Metodologia, pp. 37-46. , Ce ́sar CLG, Carandina L, Alves MCGP, Barros MBA, Goldbaum M, organizadores. Saúde e condição de vida em São Paulo. Inquérito multicêntrico de saúde no Estado de São Paulo, 2005 ISA-SP, São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São PauloAlves, M.C.G.P., (2005) Plano De Amostragem, pp. 47-62. , In: César CLG, Carandina L, Alves MCGP, Barros MBA, Goldbaum M, organizadores. Saúde e condição de vida em São Paulo. Inquérito multicêntrico de saúde no Estado de São Paulo 2005 ISA-SP, São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São PauloHuang, I.-C., Wu, A.W., Frangakis, C., Do the SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF measure the same constructs? Evidence from the Taiwan population (2006) Qual Life Res, 15, pp. 15-24Lam, C.L.K., Gandek, B., Ren, X.S., Chan, M.S., Tests of scaling assumptions and construct validity of the Chinese (HK) version of the SF-36 Health Survey (1998) J Clin Epidemiol, 51, pp. 1139-47Leplège, A., Escosse, E., Verdier, A., Pernerger, T.V., The French SF-36 Health Survey: Translation, cultural adaptation and preliminary psychometric evaluation (1998) J Clin Epidemiol, 51, pp. 1013-23Dachs, J.N.W., Santos, A.P.R., Auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil: Análise dos dados da PNAD/2003 (2006) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 11, pp. 887-94Szwarcwald, C.L., Souza-Júnior, P.R.B., Esteves, M.A.P., Damacena, G.N., Viacava, F., Socio-demographic determinants of self-rated health in Brazil (2005) Cad Saúde Pública, 21, pp. S54-64. , SupplBeltrão, K.I., Sugahara, S., Comparação de infor-mações sobre saúde das populações brasileira e norte-americana baseada em dados da PNAD/98e USA NHIS/96 (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 841-67Barros, M.B.A., (2005) Auto-avaliação De Saúde, pp. 173-82. , In: César CLG, Carandina L, Alves MCGP, Barros MBA, Gold-baum M, organizadores. Saúde e condição de vida em São Paulo. Inquérito multicêntrico de saúde no Estado de São Paulo 2005 ISA-SP, São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São PauloPinheiro, R.S., Viacava, F., Travassos, C., Brito, A.S., Gê-nero, morbidade, acesso e utilização de services de saúde no Brasil (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 687-707Dachs, J.N.W., Determinantes das desigualdades na auto-avaliação do estado de saúde no Brasil: Análi-se dos dados da PNAD/1998 (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 641-57Franks, P., Gold, M.R., Fiscella, K., Sociodemographics, self-rated health and mortality in US (2003) Soc Sci Med, 56, pp. 2505-14Amorim, V.M.S.L., Barros, M.B.A., Cã©sar, C.L.G., Carandi-Na, L., Goldbaum, M., Fatores associados à não rea-lização do exame de Papanicolaou: Um estudo debase populacional no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 2329-38Zaitune, M.P.A., Barros, M.B.A., Cã©sar, C.L.G., Carandi-Na, L., Goldbaum, M., Hipertensão arterial em ido-sos: Prevalência, fatores associados e práticas decontrole no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 285-94Moreira-Almeida, A., Neto, F.L., Koenig, H.G., Reli-giousness and mental health: A review (2006) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 28, pp. 242-50Botega, N.J., Barros, M.B.A., Oliveira, H.B., Dalgalarron-Do, P., Marín-León, L., Suicidal behavior in the community: Prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation (2005) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 27, pp. 45-53Barros, M.B.A., Botega, N.J., Dalgalarrondo, P., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Prevalence of alcohol abuseand associated factors in a population-based study (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41, pp. 502-9Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S., Giatti, L., Uchôa, E., De-sigualdade social e saúde entre idosos brasilei-ros: Um estudo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19, pp. 745-57Lima-Costa, M.F., Veras, R., Saúde pública e envelhe-cimento (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19, pp. 700-1(2005) Uma Política De Saúde, , Organização Mundial da Saúde. Envelhecimento ativo, Brasília: Organização Pan-Americana da Saúd

Diet Quality Among Adolescents: A Population-based Study In Campinas, Brazil [qualidade Da Dieta De Adolescentes: Estudo De Base Populacional Em Campinas, Sp]

We assessed the overall diet quality and adequacy of diet consumption of each component of the diet of adolescents according to demographic, socioeconomic and body mass index (BMI) data. A cross-sectional population-based study analyzed a representative sample of 409 adolescents, aged 12-19 years, using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). We estimated the prevalence of diets classified in the first quartile of the HEI and the average scores of each component of the HEI. Linear and Poisson multiple regressions were used in the analysis. The mean score of HEI was 59.7. We observed a lower prevalence of inadequate diets in the segment with heads of household presenting higher schooling. The lower socioeconomic status segments, measured by income and schooling, showed a lower consumption of vegetables, fruits, dairy products and a less diversified diet, and a higher intake of cereals and legumes. Overweight/obese adolescents consume more meat and eggs and less fruit compared to low weight/normal weight adolescents. Girls had a higher intake of total fat and lower sodium intake. The results identified diet components that deserve more attention in the strategies to promote healthy eating, and the more vulnerable segments among adolescents.153605616(2010) Child and adolescent health and development: Progress report 2009: Highlights, , World Health Organization, Geneva(2011) Ministério da Saúde, , Brasil, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Análise de Situação de Saúde. Plano de ações estratégicas para o enfrentamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) no Brasil 2011-2022. BrasíliaLevy, R.B., Castro, I.R.R., Cardoso, L.O., Tavares, L.F., Sardinha, L.M.V., Gomes, F.S., Consumo e comportamento alimentar entre adolescentes brasileiros: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2009 (2010) Rev Cien Saúde Colet, 15 (S2), pp. 3085-3097Toral, N., Slater, B., Cintra, I.P., Fisberg, M., Comportamento alimentar de adolescentes em relação ao consumo de frutas e verduras (2006) Rev Nutr, 19 (3), pp. 331-340(2011) Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares-2008-2009: Análise do consumo alimentar pessoal no Brasil, , Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro(2010) Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares-2008-2009: Antropometria e estado nutricional de crianças, adolescentes e adultos no Brasil, , Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de JaneiroCervato, A.M., Vieira, V.L., Índices dietéticos na avaliação da qualidade global da dieta (2003) Rev Nutr, 16 (3), pp. 347-355Kennedy, E.T., Ohls, J., Carlson, S., Fleming, K., The Healthy Eating Index: Design and applications (1995) J Am Diet Assoc, 95, pp. 1103-1108Fisberg, R.M., Slater, B., Barros, R.R., Lima, F.D., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Índice de Qualidade da Dieta: Avaliação da adaptação e aplicabilidade (2004) Rev Nutr, 17 (3), pp. 301-308Alves, M.C.G.P., Plano de amostragem (2008) As dimensões da saúde: Inquérito populacional em Campinas, pp. 46-55. , In: Barros MBA, Cesar CLG, Carandina L, Goldbaum M, org, São Paulo: Aderaldo & RothschildGodoy, F.C., Andrade, S.C., Morimoto, J.M., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Barros, M.B.A., Índice de qualidade da dieta de adolescentes residentes no distrito do Butantã, município de São Paulo, Brasil (2006) Rev Nutr, 19 (6), pp. 663-671Thompson, F.E., Byers, T., Dietary assessment resource manual (1994) J Nutr, (124 S), pp. 2245-2317de Onis, M., Onyango, A.W., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Nishida, C., Siekmann, J., Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents (2007) Bull World Health Organ, 85, pp. 660-667Nielsen, S.J., Adair, L., An alternative to dietary data exclusions (2007) J Am Diet Assoc, 107, pp. 792-799de Andrade, S.C., Barros, M.B.A., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Cesar, C.L.G., Fisberg, R.M., Dietary Quality Index and associated factors among adolescents of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil (2010) J Peds, 156 (3), pp. 456-460Pinheiro, A.C., Atalah, E., Propuesta de una metodología de análisis de la calidad global de la alimentación (2005) Rev Méd Chile, 133 (2), pp. 175-182Fernández, I., Aguilar Vilas, M.V., Mateos Vega, C.J., Martínez Para, M.C., Calidad de la dieta de una población de jóvenes de Guadalajara (2009) Nutr Hosp, 24, pp. 200-206Goodwin, D.K., Knol, L.K., Eddy, J.M., Fitzhugh, E.C., Kendrick, O., Donohue, R.E., Sociodemographic correlates of overall quality of dietary intake of US adolescents (2006) Nutr Res, 26, pp. 105-110Garriguet, D., Diet quality in Canada (2009) Stat Canada, 20 (3), pp. 1-12Gomes, M.A., Pereira, M.L.D., Família em situação de vulnerabilidade social: Uma questão de políticas públicas (2005) Cien Saúde Colet, 10 (2), pp. 357-363Levy-Costa, R.B., Sichieri, R., Pontes, N.S., Monteiro, C.A., Disponibilidade domiciliar de alimentos no Brasil: Distribuição e evolução (2005) Rev Saúde Pública, 39 (4), pp. 530-540Fisberg, R.M., Morimoto, J.M., Bueno, M.B., Hábito alimentar: Qualidade da dieta (2008) As dimensões da saúde, pp. 59-66. , In: Barros MBA, Cesar CLG, Carandina L, Goldbaum M (org), Inquérito populacional em Campinas. São Paulo: Aderaldo & RothschildOrtiz-Hernández, L., Gómez-Tello, B.L., Food consumption in Mexican adolescents (2008) Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health, 24 (2), pp. 127-135Riediger, N.D., Shooshtari, S., Moghadasian, M.H., The influence of sociodemographic factors on patterns of fruit and vegetable consumption in Canadian adolescents (2007) J Am Diet Assoc, 107, pp. 1511-1518Panigassi, G., Segall-Corrêa, A.M., Marin-León, L., Pérez-Escamilla, R., Maranha, L.K., Sampaio, M.F.A., Insegurança alimentar intrafamiliar e perfil de consumo de alimentos (2008) Rev Nutr, 21 (S), pp. 135-144Lorson, B.A., Melgar-Quinonez, H.R., Taylor, C.A., Correlates of fruit and vegetable intakes in US children (2009) J Am Diet Assoc, 109, pp. 474-478Amin, T.T., Al-Sultan, A.I., Ali, A., Overweight and obesity and their relation to dietary habits and sócio-demographic characteristics among male primary school children in Al-Hassa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2008) Eur J Nutr, 47 (6), pp. 310-318(2006) Ministério da Saúde, p. 210. , Brasil, Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Coordenação-Geral da Política de Alimentação e Nutrição. Guia alimentar para a população brasileira: promovendo a alimentação saudável. BrasíliaRolls, B.J., Ello-Martin, J.A., Tohill, B.C., What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and weight management? (2004) Nutr Rev, 62 (1), pp. 1-17Villa, I., Yngve, A., Poortvliet, E., Grjibovski, A., Liiv, K., Sjöström, M., Dietary intake among under-, normal-and overweight 9-and 15-year-old Estonian and Swedish schoolchildren (2007) Public Health Nutr, 10 (3), pp. 311-322Winham, D., Webb, D., Barr, A., Beans and good health (2008) Nutr Today, 43 (5), pp. 201-209Feskanich, D., Rockett, H.R.H., Colditz, G.A., Modifying the Healthy Eating Index to assess diet quality in children and adolescents (2004) J Am Diet Assoc, 104 (9), pp. 1375-1383Brown, I.J., Tzoulaki, I., Candeias, V., Elliott, P., Salt intakes around the world: Implications for public health (2009) Int J Epidemiol, 38 (9), pp. 791-813Sarno, F., Claro, R.M., Levy, R.B., Bandoni, D.H., Ferreira, S.R.G., Monteiro, C.A., Estimativa de consumo de sódio pela população brasileira, 2002-2003 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (2), pp. 219-225(2011) Consea acompanhará acordos para redução de sódio e gordura nos alimentos, , http://portal.saude.gov.br/portal/aplicacoes/noticias/default.cfm?pg=dspDetalheNoticia&id_area=124&CO_NOTICIA=12686, Ministério da Saúde, [Acessado em 4 de julho de], Disponível emSousa, M.H., Silva, N.N., Estimativas obtidas de um levantamento complexo (2003) Rev Saúde Pública, 37 (5), pp. 662-670Fisberg, R.M., Martini, L.A., Slater, B., Métodos de inquéritos alimentares (2005) Inquéritos alimentares: Métodos e bases científicos, pp. 1-31. , In: Fisberg RM, Slater B, Marchioni DML, Martini LA, São Paulo: Editora ManoleWillett, W.C., (1998) Nutritional epidemiology, , 2nd ed. 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Comparison Of Estimates For The Self-reported Chronic Conditions Among Household Survey And Telephone Survey - Campinas (sp), Brazil [comparação De Estimativas Para O Autorrelato De Condições Crônicas Entre Inquérito Domiciliar E Telefônico - Campinas (sp), Brasil]

Objective: To compare the estimates obtained by different methods of population-based surveys for self-reported chronic conditions among adults living in Campinas in the year 2008. Methods: Data from ISACamp Survey, conducted by the Faculty of Medical Sciences from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) with support from the County Health Department and VIGITEL (Campinas), a telephone survey conducted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health toward Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic non-communicable Diseases in the adult population (18 years and over) were analyzed. Estimates of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, and asthma/bronchitis/emphysema were evaluated and compared by the independent (two-sample) Student's t-test. Results: For global estimates, a higher prevalence of hypertension and osteoporosis was ascertained by the telephone survey. Diabetes and asthma/bronchitis/ emphysema results showed no statistically significant differences. According to sociodemographic variables, a higher prevalence of hypertension was obtained by VIGITEL for men, among people aged 18 to 59 years, and those who reported nine or more years of schooling. A higher prevalence of osteoporosis among adults (18 to 59 years) was verified by VIGITEL. Concerning asthma/ bronchitis/emphysema in the elderly, ISACamp survey showed a higher prevalence. Conclusion: Except for the hypertension prevalence, the telephone survey has proven to be a rapid alternative to provide global prevalence estimates of health conditions in the adult population of Campinas.14SUPPL. 1515Viacava, F., Informações em saúde: A importância dos inquéritos populacionais (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7 (4), pp. 607-621Cesar, C.L.G., Barata, R.B., (2008) Editorial Rev Bras Epidemiol, 11 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 3-5Lavrakas, P.J., (1990) Telephone Survey Methods: Sampling, Selection and Supervision, , London: Sage PublicationsMonteiro, C.A., Moura, E.C., Jaime, P.C., Lucca, A., Florindo, A.A., Figueiredo, I.C.R., Monitoramento de fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas por entrevistas telefônicas (2005) Rev Saúde Pública, 39 (1), pp. 47-57Nelson, D.E., Powell-Griner, E., Town, M., Kovar, M.G., A comparison of national estimates from the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2003) Am J Public Health, 93 (8), pp. 1335-1341Bernal, R., Silva, N.N., Cobertura de linhas telefônicas residenciais e vícios potenciais em estudos epidemiológicos (2009) Rev Saude Publica, 43 (3), pp. 421-426(2002) Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life, p. 2002. , The World Health Report, Geneva: World Health Organization(2007) Guia Metodológico De Avaliação E Definição De Indicadores: Doenças Não Transmissíveis E Rede Carmem, , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Análise de Situação de Saúde, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeChrestani, M.A., Santos, I.S., Matijasevich, A.M., Hipertensão arterial sistêmica auto-referida: Validação diagnóstica em estudo de base populacional (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25 (11), pp. 2395-2406Barros, M.B.A., Inquéritos domiciliares de saúde: Potencialidades e desafios (2008) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 11 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 6-19Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Alves, M.C.G.P., Barros, M.B.A., Goldbaum, M., (2005) Saúde E Condição De Vida Em São Paulo: Inquérito Multicêntrico De Saúde No Estado De São Paulo -ISA-SP, p. 212. , São Paulo: USP/FSP(2006) Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico: Estimativas Sobre Freqüência E Distribuição Sócio-demográfica De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Nas Capitais Dos 26 Estados Brasileiros E No Distrito Federal Em 2006, p. 2007. , Ministério da Saúde. VIGITEL Brasil, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeLwanga, S.K., Lemeshow, S., (1991) Sample Size Determination In Health Studies: A Practical Manual, , Geneva: World Health Organization(2008) Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico, p. 2009. , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Secretaria de Gestão Estratégia e Participativa. VIGITEL Brasil, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeLee, S., Davis, W.W., Nguyen, H.A., McNeel, T.S., Brick, J.M., Flores-Cervantes, I., Examining Trends and Averages Using Combined Cross-sectional Survey Data From Multiple Years, , http://www.chis.ucla.edu/pdf/paper_trends_averages.pdf, CHIS Methodology Paper, 2007. [cited 2011 Jun 02]. Available fromKish, L., (1965) Survey Sampling, , New York: John Wiley and SonsFahimi, M., Link, M., Schwartz, D.A., Levy, P., Mokdad, A., Tracking chronic disease and risk behavior prevalence as survey participation declines: Statistics from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and other national surveys (2008) Prev Chronic Dis, 5 (3), pp. A80Cricelli, C., Mazzaglia, G., Samani, F., Marchi, M., Sabatini, A., Nardi, R., Prevalence estimates for chronic diseases in Italy: Exploring the differences between self-report and primary care databases (2003) J Public Health Med, 25 (3), pp. 254-257Okura, Y., Urban, L.H., Mahoney, D.W., Jacobsen, S.J., Rodeheffer, R.J., Agreement between self-reported questionnaires and medical record data was substantial for diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke but not for heart failure (2004) J Clin Epidemiol, 57 (10), pp. 1096-1103Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Torre, G.D., Desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD-2003 (2006) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 11 (4), pp. 911-926Molenaar, E.A., van Ameijden, E.J., Grobbee, D.E., Numans, M.E., Comparison of routine care self-reported and biomedical data on hipertension and diabetes: Results of the Utrecht Health Project (2007) Eur J Public Health, 17 (2), pp. 199-205Lima-Costa, M.F., Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O.A., Uchoa, E., Validade do diabetes auto-referido e seus determinantes: Evidências do projeto Bambuí (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41 (6), pp. 947-953Vargas, C.M., Burt, V.L., Gllum, R.F., Pamuk, E.R., Validity of self-reported hypertension in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1988-1991 (1997) Prev Med, 26 (5), pp. 678-685Lima-Costa, M.F., Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O.A., Validade da hipertensão arterial auto-referida e seus determinantes (projeto Bambuí) (2004) Rev Saúde Pública, 38 (5), pp. 637-642Frazão, P., Naveira, M., Prevalência de osteoporose: Uma revisão crítica (2006) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 9 (2), pp. 206-214Martini, L.A., Moura, E.C., Santos, L.C., Malta, D.C., Pinheiro, M.M., Prevalência de diagnóstico auto-referido de osteoporose, Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 107-116Hasselgren, M., Arne, M., Lindahl, A., Janson, S., Lundbäck, B., Estimated prevalences of respiratory symptoms, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to detection rate in primary health care (2001) Scand J Prim Health Care, 19 (1), pp. 54-57Mullerova, H., Wedzicha, J., Soriano, J.B., Vestbo, J., Validation of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease screening questionnaire for population surveys (2004) Respir Med, 98 (1), pp. 78-83Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S.M., Giatti, L., Condições de saúde, capacidade funcional, uso de serviços de saúde e gastos com medicamentos da população idosa brasileira: Um estudo descritivo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19 (3), pp. 735-743Goldman, N., Lin, I.F., Weinstein, M., Lin, Y.H., Evaluating the quality of self-reports of hypertension and diabetes (2003) J Clin Epidemiol, 56 (2), pp. 148-15

Socioeconomic inequalities in dental health services in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2003-2008

__Background:__ Access to, and use of, dental health services in Brazil have improved since 2003. The increase of private health care plans and the implementation of the "Smiling Brazil" Program, the largest public oral health care program in the world, could have influenced this increase in access. However, we do not yet know if inequalities in the use of dental health services persist after the improvement in access. The aims of this study are to analyze socioeconomic differences for dental health service use between 2003 and 2008 in São Paulo and to examine changes in these associations since the implementation of the Smiling Brazil program in 2003. __Method:__ Data was obtained via two household health surveys (ISA-Capital 2003 and ISA-Capital 2008) which investigated living conditions, lifestyle, health status and use of health care services. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between socioeconomic factors and dental services use. Additionally, trends from 2003 to

Use, access, and equity in health care services in São Paulo, Brazil

The study analyzed how socioeconomic factors are associated with seeking, access, use, and quality of health care services in São Paulo, Brazil. Data were obtained from two household health surveys in São Paulo. We used logistic regression to analyze associations between socioeconomic factors and seeking, access, use, and quality of health care services. Access to health care services was high among those who sought it (94.91% in 2003 and 94.98% in 2008). The proportion of access to and use of health care services did not change significantly from 2003 to 2008. Use of services in the public sector was more frequent in lower socioeconomic groups. There were some socioeconomic differences in seeking health care and resolution of health problems. The study showed almost universal access to health care services, but the results suggest problems in quality of services and differences in quality experienced by lower socioeconomic groups, who mostly use the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS)

Health services utilization to control arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the city of São Paulo

Descrever as prevalências do uso de serviços de saúde para controle da hipertensão arterial (HA) e do diabetes mellitus (DM) no município de São Paulo nos anos de 2003, 2008 e 2015 e analisar os fatores associados a esse uso no ano de 2015. Foram analisados dados de população adulta provenientes dos inquéritos de saúde no município de São Paulo em 2003, 2008 e 2015. Foram estimadas as prevalências e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% nos 3 anos para descrever as prevalências do uso de serviços de saúde para controle da HA e do DM. Para 2015, foram estimadas as prevalências para as mesmas variáveis segundo características sociodemográficas, geográficas e de saúde. Utilizou-se regressão logística multinomial para estimar modelos de análise para HA e DM. Observou-se aumento significativo no percentual de pessoas que referiram ir ao serviço de saúde de rotina por causa da HA e do DM no período 2003 a 2015. Em 2015, maior uso de serviços de saúde de rotina para controle da HA foi observado entre os idosos e as pessoas que referiram possuir plano de saúde. No caso do DM, houve associação entre o uso de serviços e baixa escolaridade. Ser idoso diminui o risco de não ir ao serviço de saúde para o controle da HA, enquanto ser do sexo masculino e não possuir plano de saúde aumentam esse risco significativamente. Identificar como os indivíduos com HA e DM utilizam os serviços de saúde para controle das doenças é de extrema relevância para reduzir barreiras no acesso e, ainda, orientar políticas de saúde no intuito de reduzir desigualdades22CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ140483/2016-0To describe the prevalence of health services utilization for control of arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the city of São Paulo in 2003, 2008 and 2015 and to analyze associated factors to this utilization in 2015. Data regarding adults who participated in the Health Surveys conducted in the city of Sao Paulo, ISA-Capital 2003, 2008 and 2015, were analyzed. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals for the three years were estimated to describe the prevalence of the use of services to control HA and DM. For the year of 2015, prevalences of the same variables were estimated according to sociodemographic, geographic and health characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate AH and DM analysis models. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of people who reported routine health services utilization to control AH and DM in the period 2003–2015. For 2015, an increased routine health services utilization to control AH was observed among elderly and those who reported health insurance. For those who reported DM, an association between health services utilization and low schooling was found. Being elderly reduces the risk of not going to the health services to control AH, while being male and not having a health insurance increase this risk significantly. To identify how individuals with AH and DM use health services in way to control these diseases is very important to reduce access barriers and, yet, provide guidance in health policies to reduce disparitie

Trends In Diet Quality Among Adolescents, Adults And Older Adults: A Population-based Study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)This study aimed to monitor diet quality and associated factors in adolescents, adults and older adults from the city of São Paulo, Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study involving 2376 individuals surveyed in 2003, and 1662 individuals in 2008 (Health Survey of São Paulo, ISA-Capital). Participants were of both sexes and aged 12 to 19 years old (adolescents), 20 to 59 years old (adults) and 60 years old or over (older adults). Food intake was assessed using the 24-h dietary recall method while diet quality was determined by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). The prevalence of descriptive variables for 2003 and 2008 was compared adopting a confidence interval of 95%. The means of total BHEI-R score and its components for 2003 and 2008 were compared for each age group. Associations between the BHEI-R and independent variables were evaluated for each survey year using multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed that the mean BHEI-R increased (54.9 vs. 56.4 points) over the five-year period. However, the age group evaluation showed a deterioration in diet quality of adolescents, influenced by a decrease in scores for dark-green and orange vegetables and legumes, total grains, oils and SoFAAS (solid fat, alcohol and added sugar) components. In the 2008 survey, adults had a higher BHEI-R score, by 6.1 points on average, compared to adolescents. Compared to older adults, this difference was 10.7 points. The diet quality remains a concern, especially among adolescents, that had the worst results compared to the other age groups. © 201643913962007/51488-2, FAPESP, São Paulo Research Foundation2007/51488–2, FAPESP, São Paulo Research Foundation2009/15831-0, FAPESP, São Paulo Research Foundation2009/15831-0, FAPESP, São Paulo Research FoundationFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP