Early selection viability in Eucalyptus spp clonal tests

Com o objetivo de avaliar a efici\ueancia da sele\ue7\ue3o precoce em Eucalyptus spp. foram usados dados de dois testes clonais avaliados quanto ao crescimento em altura (ALT), di\ue2metro \ue0 altura do peito (DAP) e volume individual de madeira (VOL) aos 25, 50 e 72 meses de idade. O delineamento experimental nos dois testes clonais foi o de blocos casualizados, com trinta tratamentos (clones), seis repeti\ue7\uf5es, sendo um deles com seis e o outro com dez plantas em linha por parcela, no espa\ue7amento de 3,0 m x 3,0 m. Foi feita a an\ue1lise de vari\ue2ncia para cada caracter e idade. Foram obtidas as estimativas de coeficiente de determina\ue7\ue3o genot\uedpico e de correla\ue7\uf5es genot\uedpicas entre os caracteres nas idades juvenis e na idade de rota\ue7\ue3o. Para verificar a viabilidade da aplica\ue7\ue3o da sele\ue7\ue3o precoce, foi simulada a sele\ue7\ue3o de 30% dos clones nas idades juvenis e na idade de rota\ue7\ue3o para cada um dos caracteres e idades avaliadas, obtendo-se as estimativas de ganhos gen\ue9ticos com a sele\ue7\ue3o direta e indireta. Houve diferen\ue7as significativas entre os clones avaliados nos dois experimentos para todos os caracteres e idades. Com base nos resultados obtidos, \ue9 poss\uedvel efetuar a sele\ue7\ue3o precoce aos 2 anos de idade sobre o caracter DAP em testes clonais de eucalipto.With the aim of evaluating Eucalyptus spp. for early selection efficiency, the height (HGT), diameter at breast height (DBH) and individual wood volume (VOL) of two clonal tests were assessed at the ages of 25, 50, and 72 months. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, containing 30 treatments (clones), 6 replications and linear plots, one of them with 6 plants and the other with 10 plants, at the spacing of 3.0m x 3.0m. Variance analysis for each trait and age were carried out in the trials. The estimates of genotypic determination coefficient and the correlation between the early and mature ages for each trait were obtained. In order to confirm the viability of early selection, a simulated selection was performed at young and mature ages, adopting 30% of selection proportion for each trait and age considered. The genetic gains were estimated by using both direct and indirect selection. There were significant differences among clones evaluated in the two experiments for all traits and ages. Based on the results obtained for DBH in eucalyptus clonal tests, the use of early selection at the age of 2 years is feasible

Early selection viability in Eucalyptus spp clonal tests

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência da seleção precoce em Eucalyptus spp. foram usados dados de dois testes clonais avaliados quanto ao crescimento em altura (ALT), diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) e volume individual de madeira (VOL) aos 25, 50 e 72 meses de idade. O delineamento experimental nos dois testes clonais foi o de blocos casualizados, com trinta tratamentos (clones), seis repetições, sendo um deles com seis e o outro com dez plantas em linha por parcela, no espaçamento de 3,0 m x 3,0 m. Foi feita a análise de variância para cada caracter e idade. Foram obtidas as estimativas de coeficiente de determinação genotípico e de correlações genotípicas entre os caracteres nas idades juvenis e na idade de rotação. Para verificar a viabilidade da aplicação da seleção precoce, foi simulada a seleção de 30% dos clones nas idades juvenis e na idade de rotação para cada um dos caracteres e idades avaliadas, obtendo-se as estimativas de ganhos genéticos com a seleção direta e indireta. Houve diferenças significativas entre os clones avaliados nos dois experimentos para todos os caracteres e idades. Com base nos resultados obtidos, é possível efetuar a seleção precoce aos 2 anos de idade sobre o caracter DAP em testes clonais de eucalipto.With the aim of evaluating Eucalyptus spp. for early selection efficiency, the height (HGT), diameter at breast height (DBH) and individual wood volume (VOL) of two clonal tests were assessed at the ages of 25, 50, and 72 months. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, containing 30 treatments (clones), 6 replications and linear plots, one of them with 6 plants and the other with 10 plants, at the spacing of 3.0m x 3.0m. Variance analysis for each trait and age were carried out in the trials. The estimates of genotypic determination coefficient and the correlation between the early and mature ages for each trait were obtained. In order to confirm the viability of early selection, a simulated selection was performed at young and mature ages, adopting 30% of selection proportion for each trait and age considered. The genetic gains were estimated by using both direct and indirect selection. There were significant differences among clones evaluated in the two experiments for all traits and ages. Based on the results obtained for DBH in eucalyptus clonal tests, the use of early selection at the age of 2 years is feasible

Parâmetros genéticos para caracteres de crescimento, de produção e tecnológicos da madeira em clones de Eucalyptus spp

This work had to objectives to estimate genetic parameters of growth, yield and technological wood characters in 25 Eucalyptus spp. clones, at 80 months old. The experiment was disposed in the randomized blocks design with 50 clones and six repetitions of 10 plants. In three trees of 25 best clones to silvicultural traits, were evaluated genetics parameters for growth, yield and wood technological characters. Only viscosity of pulp it was not verified genetics variations among clones. The heritability estimates, evidencing the good genetic control about the characters analyzed and the possibility of expressive genetic progresses with the selection. The correlation estimates between the growth and production with the technological wood characters indicating the absence of genes pleiotropics in the control of ones and the expected small genetic progresses for the indirect selection.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

EARLY SELECTION VIABILITY IN Eucalyptus spp CLONAL TESTS

<p>With the aim of evaluating <em>Eucalyptus </em>spp. for early selection efficiency, the height (HGT), diameter at breast height (DBH) and individual wood volume (VOL) of two clonal tests were assessed at the ages of 25, 50, and 72 months. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, containing 30 treatments (clones), 6 replications and linear plots, one of them with 6 plants and the other with 10 plants, at the spacing of 3.0m x 3.0m. Variance analysis for each trait and age were carried out in the trials. The estimates of genotypic determination coefficient and the correlation between the early and mature ages for each trait were obtained. In order to confirm the viability of early selection, a simulated selection was performed at young and mature ages, adopting 30% of selection proportion for each trait and age considered. The genetic gains were estimated by using both direct and indirect selection. There were significant differences among clones evaluated in the two experiments for all traits and ages. Based on the results obtained for DBH in eucalyptus clonal tests, the use of early selection at the age of 2 years is feasible.</p

Respostas fisiológicas de diferentes clones de eucalipto sob diferentes regimes de irrigação

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de clones de Eucalyptus spp. em diferentes regimes hídricos, em casa de vegetação, visando subsidiar trabalhos de melhoramento quanto à tolerância ao estresse hídrico. O experimento foi conduzido por 73 dias, em delineamento em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 18 x 4 (18 clones e quatro regimes de irrigação: diária e a cada dois, quatro e seis dias), com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se o incremento relativo em altura, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, área foliar, matéria seca de folhas, de caule e de raízes, razão raiz/parte aérea, taxa líquida de fotossíntese, condutância estomática, transpiração e potencial hídrico foliar. As avaliações fisiológicas foram realizadas um dia antes e um dia depois da irrigação de cada tratamento. Todas as características apresentaram diferenças significativas tanto entre os genótipos quanto entre os regimes hídricos. As estimativas do coeficiente de determinação genotípico apresentaram valores acima de 0,86 quanto às características de crescimento e entre 0,46 e 0,84 com relação às fisiológicas. em geral, os clones apresentaram reduções nas características analisadas à medida que a freqüência de irrigação diminuiu, mas em proporções variáveis entre eles. Foi possível identificar material genético promissor para trabalhos de melhoramento visando à tolerância ao estresse hídrico.The aims of this work were to evaluate the growth and physiological traits of eucalypt clones submitted to four irrigation regimes, in a greenhouse, and to subsidiary breeding programs to resistance to water stress. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, and a factorial scheme 18 x 4 (18 clones and four irrigation regimes: daily; every two days; every four days; every six days) with four replications during 73 days. It was evaluated the relative growth rate at height, root collar diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter of the leaves, stem and roots, the root-shoot ratio, the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and leaf water potential. The physiological evaluations were performed one day before and one day after the irrigation in each treatment. All the evaluated characters presented significant difference among genotypes and water regimes. The estimates of genotypic determination coefficient presented values over 0.86 for growth traits and between 0.46 and 0.84 for physiological ones. The genotypes generally presented reduction in their traits as the frequency of irrigation was decreased, although in variable proportions among them. It was possible to identify promising genotypes for breeding aiming the resistance to drought stress.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES