Effect of Sex Reassignment Surgery on Satisfaction and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review

Gender dysphoria refers to a feeling of awkwardness or discomfort in an anatomically compatible gender role and a desire to have a body of the opposite sex, as well as the negative emotion associated with marked incompatibility between the sex they have and their experienced or expressed gender. It is known that sex reassignment surgeries cause critical changes in the lives of individuals with gender dysphoria. For this reason, it is thought that it is important to follow up individuals before and after surgery. In this systematic review study, it is aimed to examine the effect of sex reassignment surgery for individuals with gender dysphoria on body and sexual satisfaction and quality of life. The framework of the research question was created on the basis of PICOS steps. PubMed, PsycARTICLES and ULAKBİM databases were used in the literature review. The review is based on studies that measure body and sexual satisfaction and quality of life before and after sex reassignment surgery. The study was created using the preferred reporting elements for the PRISMA Statement checklist. The publication year range of the articles evaluated within the framework of inclusion and exclusion criteria among the total articles reached is 2014-2022. The studies were examined in two separate groups: studies on body and sexual satisfaction and studies on quality of life. After examining the articles, it was concluded that sex reassignment surgery increases the body and sexual satisfaction of individuals as well as enhancing the quality of life

Vajinismuslu Çiftlerde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapinin Cinsel Doyum, Evlilik Uyumu, Depresyon ve Anksiyete Belirti Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi

Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on sexual functions of women with vaginismus and their husbands, their marital adjustment, and their levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Method: Twenty-six couples diagnosed as vaginismus according to DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria in gynecology outpatient clinics of Izmir Ege Maternity Hospital and Gynecological Diseases Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. the couples were treated with CBT through 50-minute sessions once a week. Pre- and posttreatment, all couples were assessed using a Personal Information Form, Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results: There were significant differences in the total and all subscales’ scores of sexual functions, significant increase in the marital adjustment, and a significant decrease in anxiety and depression symptom levels after CBT in women who completed the therapy (n = 20). in the husbands, significant recoveries were observed after the therapy in sexual functions total scores and subscales of satisfaction, avoidance, and impotence. However, there was no change in frequency, communication, sensuality, and in the premature ejaculation domains. Also, the marital adjustment scores increased, and significant decreases were observed in depression and anxiety symptom levels. Conclusion: It was observed that CBT is an appropriate therapy approach for vaginismus, and beneficial effects were observed in both women and their husbands in sexual functions, marital adjustment, and levels of depression and anxiety symptoms decreased.Amaç: Bu çalışmada Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi'nin (BDT) vajinismuslu kadınlar ve eşlerinin cinsel işlevleri, evlilik uyumları, depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: İzmir Ege Doğumevi ve Kadın Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nin jinekoloji polikliniklerine başvuran ve DSM-IV-TR tanı ölçütlerine göre vajinismus tanısı konulan 26 çift çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çiftlere haftada 1 gün yaklaşık 50 dakikalık seanslarla BDT uygulanmıştır. Tedavi öncesi ve sonunda tüm çiftlere Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Golombok-Rust Cinsel Doyum Ölçeği, Çift Uyum Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Beck Anksiyete Envanteri verilmiştir. Bulgular: Tedaviyi tamamlayan kadınlarda (n= 20) tedaviden sonra cinsel işlevlerin tüm alt ölçekleri ve toplam puanında anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu bulunmuştur. Kadınların evlilik uyumlarında anlamlı artış, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerinde anlamlı bir düşüş olduğu görülmüştür. Erkeklerde cinsel işlevlerin doyum, kaçınma ve empotans alt ölçekleri ve toplam puanında anlamlı düşüşler görülmüş, sıklık, iletişim, dokunma ve erken boşalma alt ölçeklerinde herhangi bir değişim olmamıştır. Erkeklerin evlilik uyumlarının arttığı, depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerinde anlamlı düşüşlerin olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: BDT'nin vajinismuslu kadınlar ve eşleri için uygun bir tedavi yaklaşımı olduğu ve cinsel işlevlerde düzelmeler sağladığı, evlilik uyumunu arttırdığı ve depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerini azalttığı görülmüştür

An Investigation of the psychometric properties of the Turkish Versions of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire and Acquired Capability for Suicide-Fearlessness about Death Scale (tur)

Objective: Suicidal behavior is serious public health problem. Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide-IPT tells that feelings of thwarted belongingness and perceived burden someness are composed of two perceptions that make people tend to suicide. But the theory argues that will is not sufficient for occurrence of a suicidal behaviour. Individual must have acquired capability for suicide as well. Recently it is seen that IPT is a theorethical framework that is frequently used in suicide researches. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish versions of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) and Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale- Fearlessness about Death (ACSS-FAD). Method: Data were collected from 409 university students. Results: The Turkish Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire and the Acquired Capability for Suicide- Fearlessness about Death scale demonstrated adequate psychometric properties. Both had high internal consistency and test-retest reliabilities. Discussion: The results of the present study have revealed that the Turkish versions of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) and Acquired Capability for Suicide Scale-Fearlessness about Death (ACSS-FAD) are reliable and valid instruments for measuring the constructs of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of suicide. Therefore, we conclude that the two measuring instruments may contribute to the suicidological research and clinical practice in Turkey.Publisher's Versio

Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the Turkish temperament and character inventory

Amaç: Cloninger, kişiliğin yapısını ve gelişimini tanımlamak için, genel bir psikobiyolojik kuram geliştirmiştir. Bu model, dört mizaç boyutu (yenilik arayışı, zarardan kaçınma, ödül bağımlılığı ve sebat etme) ve üç karakter boyutunu (kendini yönetme, iş birliği yapma ve kendini aşma) içermektedir. Kişinin kendi doldurduğu bir ölçek olan TCI (Temperament and Character Inventory) mizaç ve karakter boyutlarını ve bunların 25 altboyutunu ölçmek üzere geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, TCI’nin psikometrik özelliklerini bir Türk örnekleminde sınamaktı. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemi, hayatlarının hiç bir döneminde herhangi bir psikolojik/psikiyatrik tedavi almamış 470 sağlıklı gönüllü ve 544 psikiyatri hastasından oluştu. Bulgular: Ayrı ayrı olarak araştırılan, mizaç ve karakter boyutlarının faktör yapıları, keşfetmekten heyecan duyma (NS1), sebat etme ve kendini kabullenme (SD4) hariç, öngörülen kuramsal yapı ile uyuşmaktaydı. Ölçeklerin iç tutarlılığı genel olarak kabul edilebilir düzeydeydi, ancak, ödül bağımlılığı (0.55) ve sebat etme’de (0.56) zayıftı. Korelasyonlar ve grup karşılaştırmaları TCI’nin yapı geçerliğine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın bulguları, TCI’nin Türkçe versiyonunun tatmin edici psikometrik özelliklere sahip olduğunu doğrulamaktadır. TCI, hem klinik uygulamalarda hem de araştırmalarda kişiliği değerlendirmek için kullanılabilecek yararlı bir araç olarak görünmektedir.Objective: To assess the factorial structure, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a 240-item, self-report, paper-and-pencil test, and true-false format inventory based on Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality. It measures the four higher-order temperament dimensions and three character dimensions. Method: Using samples consisting of 470 healthy volunteers and 544 psychiatric patients, psychometric features were explored. Results: The internal consistency of the scales was good (Cronbach alpha coefficients between 0.68 and 0.84), but weak for Reward dependence (0.55) and Persistence (0.56). The factor structures of the temperament and character dimensions, explored separately, were in agreement with the hypothesized constructs, except for the scales NS1 (Novelty Seeking 1 = exploratory excitability) and SD4 (Self-directedness 4 - self-acceptance). The present study also confirmed that the TCI scales were weakly related among themselves. On the whole, psychiatric patients had higher harm avoidance and lower self-directedness, persistence, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence scores than the normal subjects. Gender differences were also found for different dimensions. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the TCI can be applied in the investigation of psychiatric and normal populations

Suicidal thoughts, attempts and motives among university students in 12 Muslim-majority countries

There is a scarcity of research on suicidal phenomena in the Muslim world. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the self-reported prevalence of suicidal thoughts, attempts and motives in 12 Muslim countries. A total of 8417 (54.4% women) university students were surveyed by means of a self-report questionnaire. Overall, 22% of the participants reported suicidal ideation and 8.6% reported attempting suicide. The odds of suicidal thoughts were elevated in Azerbaijan, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, while reduced ORs were recorded in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Malaysia. While odds of suicide attempts were high in Azerbaijan, Palestine and Saudi Arabia reduced odds ratios (OR) were detected in Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Malaysia and Tunisia. Taking drugs and using a sharp instrument were the two most frequently used methods to attempt suicide. Only 32.7% of attempts required medical attention. Escape motives were endorsed more than social motives by participants who attempted suicide. Suicidal behaviors were more frequent in women than in men. Compered to men, fewer attempts by women required medical attention. Moreover, our results show that making suicide illegal does not reduce the frequency of suicidal behavior. Results from this comparative study show that suicidal thoughts and attempts are frequent events in young adults in countries where religious scripture explicitly prohibit suicide and the frequencies of nonfatal suicidal behavior show large variation in nations adhering to the same religion