Bacuri : (Platonia insignis Mart.-Clusiaceae). Agrobiodiversidade

Bacuri: agrobiodiversidade ç uma publicação que aborda nâo s= a historicidade do fruto como tambçm a retratação do manejo, a propagação (como informaçâes sobre matrizes para o plantio e multiplicação de árvores mais produtivas) e a explanação sobre os métodos atuais utilizados no melhoramento genético do Bacuri, tudo com o explícito objetivo de elaborar, oportunizar e aprimorar técnicas de desenvolvimento sustentável

Nicotine dependence and smoking habits in patients with head and neck cancer

Objective: To assess smoking habits and nicotine dependence (ND) in patients with head and neck cancer Methods: This study involved 71 smokers or former smokers with squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity, pharynx, or larynx who were treated at a university hospital in the city of São Paulo between January and May of 2010. We used the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence to evaluate smoking habits and ND in the sample. Data regarding cancer treatment were collected from medical records. Depending on the variables studied, we used the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, or Spearman's correlation test. Results: Of the 71 patients, 47 (66.2%) presented with high or very high ND, 40 (56.3%) smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day, and 32 (45.1%) smoked their first cigarette within 5 min of awakening. Advanced disease stage correlated significantly with the number of cigarettes smoked per day (p = 0.011) and with smoking history (p = 0.047). We found that ND did not correlate significantly with gender, disease stage, smoking cessation, or number of smoking cessation attempts, nor did the number of cigarettes smoked per day correlate with smoking cessation or gender. Treatment for smoking cessation was not routinely offered. Conclusions: In most of the patients studied, the level of ND was high or very high. The prevalence of heavy smoking for long periods was high in our sample. A diagnosis of cancer is a motivating factor for smoking cessation. However, intensive smoking cessation treatment is not routinely offered to smoking patients diagnosed with cancer

Atuação multidisciplinar para conscientização e tratamento do tabagismo crônico de pacientes submetido a tratamento odontológico

The objective was to promote prevention of damage caused by smoking to oral and systemic health through a smoking cessation program that uses as motivation the time of dental treatment. Thirty smokers received medical evaluation and oral examination and were informed about tobacco use. Participants were also assessed for the quality of life through four questionnaires: SF36, Life Fantastic, SRQ-20 for assessment of depression, and Idate / t to assess state and trait anxiety. Participants showed gradual or total reduction of smoking, results that corroborate the initial hypothesis that the time for dental treatment stimulates the patient to search for improved overall health and quality of life, which may be provided by smoking cessation. The results of quality of life indicators showed that participants had impaired the social and emotional aspects, with a tendency to react with greater anxiety over the situation.O objetivo deste trabalho foi promover prevenção dos danos causados pelo tabagismo a saúde bucal e sistêmica através de um programa de cessação tabágica que utiliza como motivação o momento do tratamento odontológico. Trinta tabagistas participaram de avaliação médica e exame bucal para tratamento e esclarecimento sobre o consumo de tabaco. Os participantes também foram avaliados quanto a qualidade de vida através de 4 questionários: SF36, Estilo de vida Fantástico, SRQ-20 para avaliação de depressão, o Idate e/t para avaliar estado e traço de ansiedade. Os participantes mostraram redução gradual ou total do consumo de cigarros, resultado que corrobora a hipótese inicial de que o momento de tratamento odontológico estimula o paciente para busca de melhora da saúde geral e da qualidade de vida, o que pode ser proporcionado pelo tratamento para cessação do tabagismo. Quanto aos indicadores de qualidade de vida, os participantes apresentaram comprometimento dos aspectos sociais e emocionais, com tendência a reagir com maior ansiedade diante da situação

The Fagerström and AUDIT Tests as Probable Screening Tools in Oral Cancer and Their Correlation with CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 Gene Expression

Background: Cancer is currently a major public health problem worldwide, with a marked increase of about 70% in the number of expected diagnosed cases over the next two decades. The amount of tobacco and alcohol consumed is calculated based on the subjective information provided by the user. Tobacco exposure can be assessed using the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and alcohol consumption by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight subjects answered the Fagerström, and AUDIT tests and we studied them as likely screening tools for oral cancer and their correlation with the expression of CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 genes by the RT-qPCR method. Results: There were significant differences in the AUDIT score and CYP1A1 expression between cancer and control groups. Participants in advanced stages, whether due to tumor size or regional metastasis, showed significant differences in the duration of tobacco use, FTCD, AUDIT score, and CYP1A1 expression when compared to patients in early stages. Among subjects without cancer, we found a significant correlation between participant age and GSTP1 expression. Furthermore, the expression of GSTP1 was significantly correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, duration of tobacco use, and FTCD. Conclusions: Questionnaires designed to evaluate the degree of tobacco and alcohol exposure and dependence combined with gene expression tests can be useful to assess the risk of developing oral cancer. Furthermore, raising the awareness of individuals regarding their degree of dependence and encouraging them to participate in cessation programs are important educational measures for the prevention of tobacco-related malignancies