Chemical Sensor Properties and Mathematical Modeling of Graphene Oxide Langmuir-Blodgett Thin Films

Graphene oxide (GO) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) thin films were prepared to use as chemical sensor element. The properties of GO LB thin film layers were characterized via Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. Selectivity of the sensor to various organic vapors was investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and QCM techniques. Fick's equations were used for calculating the diffusion coefficients (D) values of organic vapors. It was observed that chemical gas sensing characteristics of the GO film sensor shows a large response to some hazardous organic vapors. Then, by using experimental measurements that obtained during this process, NARX-ANN-based mathematical model of frequency shift of the quartz resonator was designed. The results of NARX-ANN verify the efficiency of the designed model. © 2001-2012 IEEE.2018/MF002 British Association for Psychopharmacology, BAPManuscript received April 12, 2019; revised June 19, 2019; accepted June 29, 2019. Date of publication July 2, 2019; date of current version September 18, 2019. This work was supported in part by the BAP: Research Foundation of Usak University under Project 2018/MF002 and in part by the UBATAM: Usak University, Scientific Analysis Technological Application and Research Center. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Chang-Soo Kim. (Corresponding author: Yaser Acikbas.) K. Büyükkabasakal is with the Department of Electric-Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Usak University, 64200 Us¸ak, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected])

Cytokine expression profiles in Autism spectrum disorder: A multi-center study from Turkey.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication and social interaction as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The pathogenesis of ASD is not completely understood, but a growing body of research has demonstrated that the immune response may be a contributing factor in the etiology and/ or ontogeny of ASD. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α and TGF-β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with ASD and healthy controls in order to determine the contributions of cytokines to ASD. Within the study timeframe, 195 children with ASDs (80.5% male) and 162 controls (73.6% male) were enrolled. Most children with ASD had a comorbid disorder (n = 114, 58.5%), with the most common diagnoses as Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD, n = 64, 32.8%) and ADHD (n = 64, 32.8%). The majority of children with ASD had severe autistic symptoms as evaluated via Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS, n = 130, 64.6%). The mean CARS score in the ASD sample was 40.8 (S.D. = 7.6). The patients with ASD were found to have significantly higher levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of IL-17 (p < 0.05, all Bonferroni corrected). Treatment tended to affect IL-4 levels. Lastly, discriminant function analysis (DFA) revealed that a combination of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-1α correctly classified 56.6% of cases. Despite extensive immunological evidence suggesting immune system aberrations, further research is required to clarify the relationship between immune profiles and ASD symptoms

Cytokine expression profiles in Autism spectrum disorder: A multi-center study from Turkey

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication and social interaction as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The pathogenesis of ASD is not completely understood, but a growing body of research has demonstrated that the immune response may be a contributing factor in the etiology and/ or ontogeny of ASD. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α and TGF-β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with ASD and healthy controls in order to determine the contributions of cytokines to ASD. Within the study timeframe, 195 children with ASDs (80.5% male) and 162 controls (73.6% male) were enrolled. Most children with ASD had a comorbid disorder (n = 114, 58.5%), with the most common diagnoses as Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD, n = 64, 32.8%) and ADHD (n = 64, 32.8%). The majority of children with ASD had severe autistic symptoms as evaluated via Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS, n = 130, 64.6%). The mean CARS score in the ASD sample was 40.8 (S.D. = 7.6). The patients with ASD were found to have significantly higher levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of IL-17 (p < 0.05, all Bonferroni corrected). Treatment tended to affect IL-4 levels. Lastly, discriminant function analysis (DFA) revealed that a combination of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-1α correctly classified 56.6% of cases. Despite extensive immunological evidence suggesting immune system aberrations, further research is required to clarify the relationship between immune profiles and ASD symptoms. © 2020 Elsevier Lt