Acantholippia salsoloides : Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of a Thujonic Population

Acantholippia salsoloides (Verbenaceae) is an aromatic plant widespread in the Andean region. The infusion (leaves and flowers) is widely used as a digestive stimulant as well as for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine. A. salsoloides attributes its common name “rica-rica” to the fresh and sweet fragrance of the plant. In this work, 2 different polar extracts and the essential oil of a selected rica-rica population were studied. The phenolic composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector; the essential oil profile was determined by gas-chromatography ion-trap mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. For all extracts, the antibacterial potential was performed by in vitro assays; the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition were determined in decoction and hydroethanolic extracts. The volatile profile allowed the identification of 26 volatile compounds, β-thujone (84%) being the major one in this rica-rica population. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified; isoferulic acid (16%-18%) and cynaroside (45%-47%) were the larger ones. In a general way, the hydroethanolic extract was more active against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus (minimum inhibitory concentrations= 0.3- 1.3 mg/mL). Both polar extracts have strong antiradical activities although decoction extract proved to be more active against DPPH· (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] =36 µg/mL) and O2•− (IC50 =28 µg/mL) while hydroethanolic extract shows higher action over α-glucosidase (IC50 =217 µg/mL). The results suggest that A. salsoloides leaves and flowers may be an interesting source of natural antioxidants, antidiabetics, or antimicrobials, and could be used in dietary supplements, medicinal products and pharmaceutical formulations.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Tecnologias y Desarrollo Social Para El Noa. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Saltajujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Tecnologias y Desarrollo Social Para El Noa.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Viturro, Carmen Ines. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Tecnologias y Desarrollo Social Para El Noa. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Saltajujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones En Tecnologias y Desarrollo Social Para El Noa.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Luís R.. Universidade da Beira Interior; Portuga

Steviol glycosides and phenolic compounds in Stevia rebaudiana infusions and depending on the variety

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar infusiones de tres variedades de Stevia rebaudiana (stevia) cultivadas en Argentina determinando la recuperación de sólidos totales, de glicósidos de esteviol y de compuestos fenólicos antioxidantes. La recuperación de sólidos totales en las infusiones estuvo entre 45-63 % de las hojas mientras que la recuperación de glicósidos de esteviol estuvo entre 13-17 %. Por otro lado los compuestos fenólicos recuperados estuvieron entre 2-8 % de las hojas. Las infusiones de hojas de las tres variedades de stevia presentan elevados contenidos de compuestos fenólicosy actividad antiradicalaria elevada frente a DPPH (IC50= 18,6-27,7 µg/mL). En las infusiones de stevia se determinó la existencia de correlación elevada entre glicósidos de esteviol totales y sólidos totales, entre Rebaudiósido A y compuestos fenólicos totales, entre Esteviósido y taninos  totales cuantificados. En cuanto al poder edulcorante, son necesarios de 0,2-0,6 g de hojas de stevia para endulzar una infusión (dependiendo de la variedad). En general, infusiones de stevia con mayores contenidos de glicósidos de esteviol totales proporcionan mayores contenidos de compuestos fenólicos antioxidantes.The aim of this study was to characterize three Stevia rebaudiana (stevia) infusions that grow in Argentina in order to determine the overall solids recovery, steviol glycosides and phenolic compounds with antiradical activity. That total infusion retrievals on dry leaves varied from 45 to 53%. The steviol glycosides recovery was between 13 and 17% while the phenolic compounds were around 2 to 8%. The three varieties of stevia infusions show high contents of phenolic compounds and strong scavenging activity against DPPH• (IC50= 18.6-27.7 µg/mL). High correlations were found in the stevia infusions between steviol glycosides and total solids, Rebaudióside A and total phenolic compounds and between Stevioside and tannin contents. Respect to the stevia sweetness potency and variety, 0.2-0.6 g of leaves, are necessary to sweeten a cup of the infusion. In general, stevia infusions with higher steviol glycosides provide more antiradical phenolic compounds.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Taiariol, Dario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Corrientes. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bella Vista. Agencia de Extension Rural Bella Vista.; ArgentinaFil: Valle, Silvia. No especifíca;Fil: Kolb Koslobsky, Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin

Phytochemical and Biological Profile of Essential Oils of Elionurus muticus (Spreng.) Growing in Northeastern Argentina

The purpose of this study was to investigate essential oils (EOs) from leaves of Elionurus muticus growing in Northeastern Argentina regarding their physicochemical profiles as well as their biological potential. Roots of a selected E. muticus population were investigated too. For this purpose, EOs of fresh materials were obtained by steam distillation and the chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography GC/MS-FID. Antibacterial, antioxidant and eco-toxicity activities of the essential oils (EOs) were tested by in vitro assays. The EOs showed three E. muticus chemotypes: citral (neral+geranial), acorenone+bisabolone, acorenone+geranial. EO of roots of citral population contains mainly acorenone derivatives. EOs have high antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, being found minor antibacterial effect against Gram-negative bacteria. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of EOs against DPPH⋅ were 7.1–30.0 mg/mL and the eco-toxicity was high with LD50 <39 μg/mL. Based on the findings, given the high variability in their chemical composition and biological activity of E. muticus EO and the promising yields, it could be potentially chosen for industrial applications.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Le Vraux, María Agostina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Heit, Cecilia Inés. Instituto de Investigaciones y Prestaciones de Servicios. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy;Fil: Viturro, Carmen Ines. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Tecnologías y Desarrollo Social para el Noa. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta-Jujuy. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Tecnologías y Desarrollo Social para el Noa; ArgentinaFil: Martina, Pablo F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin

Compuestos fenólicos bioactivos y ácidos orgánicos en la decocción de frutos y hojas de Schinus areira L.

Se investigaron decocciones de hojas y frutos de Schinus areira L. del noroeste de Argentina. Compuestos fenólicos y ácidos orgánicos se analizaron mediante HPLC. Capacidad antioxidante e inhibición de α-glucosidasa se determinaron in vitro. Se evaluó toxicidad general con Artemia salina. Los principales compuestos fenólicos fueron hiperósido y ácido 3 O-cafeoilquínico en hojas y ácido gálico y catequina en frutos. Los principales ácidos orgánicos cuantificados fueron málico en hojas y cítrico en frutos. Ácido shikímico, precursor del Tamiflu está presente en decocción de frutos con un contenido relativamente importante. La de hojas presenta una mayor riqueza en compuestos bioactivos con actividad antirradicalaria frente a DPPH●, O2●- y ●NO. Las hojas y frutos de S. areira tenían una actividad inhibidora de la α-glucosidasa comparable a la de hiperósido y acarbosa. La decocción de frutas no fue eco-tóxica, pero sí la de hojas que podría ser fuente de compuestos bioactivos con actividad farmacológica.Leaf and fruit decoctions of Schinus areira L. from northwest Argentina were investigated here. Phenolic compounds and organic acids were analyzed by HPLC. Antioxidant capacity and αglucosidase inhibition were determined by using in vitro tests. The general toxicity was assessed against Artemia salina nauplii. Hyperoside and 3 O-caffeoylquinic acid in leaf decoctions; gallic acid and catechin in fruit decoction were the major phenolic compounds. Malic and citric acids were the main organic acid quantified in the leaf and fruit decoctions, respectively. Fruit decoction had a relatively important content of shikimic acid, precursor of Tamiflu. Leaf decoction presents a greater richness in bioactive compounds with antiradical activity against DPPH●, O2●- and ●NO radicals. S. areira leaves and fruits had α-glucosidase inhibitory activity comparable to hyperoside and acarbose. Fruit decoction was not eco-toxic; leaf decoction showed significant eco-toxic activity and could be chosen for the search of other bioactive compounds with pharmacological activity.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Misiones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Ana C.. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Adriana M.. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Villa, Walter Cosme. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Silva, Luis R.. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Viturro, Carmen Ines. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin

Biofungicidal capacity on Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill. and phytochemical characterization of native medicinal plants of the province of Misiones

El objetivo de este trabajo fue encontrar una alternativa a los fungicidas químicos que se utilizan actualmente en el control del hongo Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill., agente causal de muscardina blanca en Bombyx mori L. En este estudio examinamos 6 plantas medicinales nativas para determinar su actividad antifúngica y composición fitoquímica. La actividad antifúngica de los extractos (2 a 8 %) se evaluaron mediante el IB (índice biológico) determinado sobre el potencial de germinación, el crecimiento vegetativo y la producción de conidios. Los extractos de Baccharis crispa 4 y 6 % (IB = 37,2 y IB = 36,4); Mikania cordifolia 6 % (IB = 36,24); Pityrogramma calomelanos 4 % (IB = 40,4) y Poligonum punctatum 6 y 8% (IB = 33,1 y IB = 35,5) resultaron activos con valores dentro del rango de toxicidad (0-41) mientras que Schinus molle y Ocimum tenuiflorum no exhibieron potencial antifúngico. La caracterización fitoquímica entre los extractos activos determinó que el contenido fenólico varía entre 62,5 a 103,7 mg GAE/g extracto, mientras que para tanino fue de 19,7 a 72,5 mg GAE/g extracto y flavonoides totales de 11,6 a 33,7 mg Qe/g extracto. Los extractos de B. crispa, M. cordifolia, P. calomelanos y P. punctatum resultaron efectivos para controlar in vitro a B. bassiana.The objective of this work was to find an alternative to the chemical fungicides that are currently used in the control of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill, causative agent of white muscardine in Bombyx mori L. In this study we examined 6 native medicinal plants to determine its antifungal activity and phytochemical composition. The antifungal activity of the extracts (2 to 8 %) was evaluated by means of the IB (biological index) determined on the potential germination, vegetative growth and the production of conidia. The extracts of Baccharis crispa 4 and 6 % (37.2 and 36.4); Mikania cordifolia 6 % (36.24); Pityrogramma calomelanos 4 % (40.4); and Polygonum punctatum 6 and 8 % (33.1 and 35.5) were active with values within the toxicity range (0-41) while Schinus molle and Ocimum tenuiflorum, they did not exhibit antifungal potential. The phyto chemical characterization between the active extracts determined that the phenolic content varies between 62.5 to 103.7 mg GAE/g extract, while for tannins it was 19.7 to 72.5 mg GAE/g extract, and total flavonoids of 11.6 to 33.7 mg Qe/g extract. The extracts of B. crispa, M. cordifolia, P. calomelanos and P. punctatum were effective to control Beauveria bassiana in vitro.Fil: Lopez, Silvia Lorena. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Agencia Ejecutiva de Desarrollo E Innovacion Tecnologica (aedit) ; Ministerio de Cultura Educacion Ciencia y Tecnologia ; Gobierno de la Provincia de Misiones;Fil: Alves, Luis Francisco Angeli. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Pará; BrasilFil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Martina, Pablo F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentin

Infusions prepared with Stevia rebaudiana: application of a simplex centroid mixture design for the study of natural sweeteners and phenolic compounds

Three mixture designs were used to characterize herbal formulations for infusions prepared with cedron, boldo, and yerba mate in addition to stevia. This study aimed to investigate if the inclusion of stevia in infusions could affect the recovery of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Infusions with higher phenolic content and higher antioxidant activity were obtained when yerba mate or boldo predominated in the infusion. The highest tannin content was found in mixtures containing yerba mate, boldo, and stevia, while the minimum tannin contents were found in some cedron infusions. The content of steviol glycosides increased as the proportion of stevia increased in the infusions. In general, the recovery of natural sweeteners or phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity exhibited different patterns, depending on the components of the infusions. The presence of stevia and steviol glycosides did not influence the recovery of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Cs.exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Martina, Pablo F.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Kolb Koslobsky, Nicolas. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Cs.exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentin

Capacidad biofungicida sobre Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill. y caracterización fitoquímica de plantas medicinales nativas de la provincia de Misiones

The objective of this work was to find an alternative to the chemical fungicides that are currently used in the control of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill, causative agent of white muscardine in Bombyx mori L. In this study we examined 6 native medicinal plants to determine its antifungal activity and phytochemical composition. The antifungal activity of the extracts (2 to 8 %) was evaluated by means of the IB (biological index) determined on the potential germination, vegetative growth and the production of conidia. The extracts of Baccharis crispa 4 and 6 % (37.2 and 36.4); Mikania cordifolia 6 % (36.24); Pityrogramma calomelanos 4 % (40.4); and Polygonum punctatum 6 and 8 % (33.1 and 35.5) were active with values €‹â€‹within the toxicity range (0-41) while Schinus molle and Ocimum tenuiflorum, they did not exhibit antifungal potential. The phyto chemical characterization between the active extracts determined that the phenolic content varies between 62.5 to 103.7 mg GAE/g extract, while for tannins it was 19.7 to 72.5 mg GAE/g extract, and total flavonoids of 11.6 to 33.7 mg Qe/g extract. The extracts of B. crispa, M. cordifolia, P. calomelanos and P. punctatum were effective to control Beauveria bassiana in vitro.El objetivo de este trabajo fue encontrar una alternativa a los fungicidas químicos que se utilizan actualmente en el control del hongo Beauveria bassiana (Bals-Criv.) Vuill., agente causal de muscardina blanca en Bombyx mori L. En este estudio examinamos 6 plantas medicinales nativas para determinar su actividad antifúngica y composición fitoquímica. La actividad antifúngica de los extractos (2 a 8 %) se evaluaron mediante el IB (índice biológico) determinado sobre el potencial de germinación, el crecimiento vegetativo y la producción de conidios. Los extractos de Baccharis crispa 4 y 6 % (IB = 37,2 y IB = 36,4); Mikania cordifolia 6 % (IB = 36,24); Pityrogramma calomelanos 4 % (IB = 40,4) y Poligonum punctatum 6 y 8% (IB = 33,1 y IB = 35,5) resultaron activos con valores dentro del rango de toxicidad (0-41) mientras que Schinus molle y Ocimum tenuiflorum no exhibieron potencial antifúngico. La caracterización fitoquímica entre los extractos activos determinó que el contenido fenólico varía entre 62,5 a 103,7 mg GAE/g extracto, mientras que para tanino fue de 19,7 a 72,5 mg GAE/g extracto y flavonoides totales de 11,6 a 33,7 mg Qe/g extracto. Los extractos de B. crispa, M. cordifolia, P. calomelanos y P. punctatum resultaron efectivos para controlar in vitro a B. bassiana

The inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by essential oils isolated from leaves and fruits of Schinus areira depending on their chemical compositions

Schinus areira L. is a native plant from South America used for centuries in traditional medicine. Here, we investigate the antimicrobial activity of four essential oils extracted from leaves and fruits of S. areira exhibiting different chemical profiles. The antibacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus susceptible as well as methicillin resistant strain was assessed by the broth microdilution assay. The results showed that the limonene-rich oil extracted from the leaves and fruits have potent antibacterial effect on S. aureus ATCC 25923, while the α-phellandrene-rich fruit oil having a lower content of limonene showed the lowest antibacterial efficacy. In this work, for the first time, we demonstrated the bactericidal activity of essential oils isolated from fruits and leaves of S. areira against susceptible and methicillin resistant S. aureus strains. All results point out the potential use of the S. areira oils as antimicrobial agents to be used, at least against Staphylococcal infections.Fil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alabrudzinska, Marta H.. Medical University of Gdańsk; PoloniaFil: Molina, Ana Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Viturro, Carmen Ines. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ingeniería; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of Ocimum species essential oils from the south of the Paranaense forest (Argentine) against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae

Aedes aegypti plays a predominant role in the transmission of a variety of diseases, such as yellow fever, dengue fever, malaria, Zika and Chikungunya disease. The reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides and their negative impact on the human health and the environment have driven the focus of the problem towards the identification and evaluation of sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. The essential oils from the leaves of Ocimum campechianum, Ocimum ovatum, and Ocimum selloi were analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID and investigated for its larvicidal activity against A. aegypti larvae. In the chromatographic analyses showed that the main compounds were elemicin (22.8%), methyl eugenol (33.4%), and methyl eugenol (46.5%), respectively. The susceptibility tested on essential oils was performed according to the World Health Organization protocol. The highest larvicidal potential was displayed by O. ovatum, followed by O. campechianum and O. selloi, with LC50 values of 47.5, 95.5 and 141.2 ppm, respectively. The rapid and efficient larvicidal activity of these three essential oils led us to consider these results as promising for the search of a potentially effective earth-friendly larvicide against the A. aegypti vector.Fil: Martina, Pablo F.. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Le Vraux, María Agostina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Ferreyra, Dario Jorge. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Uliana, Roberto Fabian. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Celaya, Liliana Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Cs.exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez Gonzalez, Felipa. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Kolb Koslobky, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin