Efectos de la colchicina sobre la placa aterosclerótica: estudio en un modelo de aterosclerosis en conejo

La aterosclerosis es una enfermedad vascular crónica y una de las principales causas de mortalidad en el mundo. En los últimos 50 años de investigación, se ha desvelado el papel fundamental de la inflamación en la aterosclerosis, tanto en sus etapas iniciales como en su progresión. Estudios de ciencia básica y traslacional han documentado múltiples mecanismos a través de los cuales la colchicina podría modular la inflamación presente en la placa aterosclerótica. Entre ellos, destacan la inhibición de la infiltración leucocitaria, la inhibición de la activación macrofágica y la inhibición de la activación del inflamosoma NLRP3 inducida por cristales de colesterol. Además, recientemente la colchicina ha demostrado beneficios clínicos en el tratamiento de la enfermedad coronaria estable. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar los efectos de la colchicina sobre la progresión de la placa aterosclerótica. Métodos: Para alcanzar nuestro objetivo se utilizó un modelo experimental de aterosclerosis en conejo y se realizó un amplio estudio de imagen en serie que incluyó imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM), tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-fluorodeoxiglucosa integrada con tomografía computarizada (PET/TC con 18F-FDG), tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) e inmunohistoquímica..

La práctica política en la Roma Antigua. Especificidad y debates

In this paper, I will develop some considerations about the politics  in the ancient roman world and the recent debate about it. I mean politics as practise; understanding for that whatever is functional to the mechanisms of public life, to the formation of consensus, the exercise of power, the cursus honorum in its several levels, to the processes of make decisions and to the determination of the course of government.En esta intervención, desarrollaré algunas consideraciones sobre la política en el mundo romano antiguo y el reciente debate acerca de ella.  Me refiero a la política como práctica; entendiendo por esto lo que sea funcional a los mecanismos de la vida pública, a la formación del consenso, al ejercicio del poder, al cursus honorum en sus varios niveles, a los procesos decisorios y a la determinación de los rumbos del gobierno

Electrocardiographic biomarkers to predict atrial fibrillation in sinus rhythm electrocardiograms

Objective: Early prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) development would improve patient outcomes. We propose a simple and cheap ECG based score to predict AF development.Methods: A cohort of 16 316 patients was analysed. ECG measures provided by the computer-assisted ECG software were used to identify patients. A first group included patients in sinus rhythm who showed an ECG with AF at any time later (n=505). A second group included patients with all their ECGs in sinus rhythm (n=15 811). By using a training set (75% of the cohort) the initial sinus rhythm ECGs of both groups were analysed and a predictive risk score based on a multivariate logistic model was constructed.Results: A multivariate regression model was constructed with 32 variables showing a predictive value characterised by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.776 (95% CI: 0.738 to 0.814). The subsequent risk score included the following variables: age, duration of P-wave in aVF, V4 and V5; duration of T-wave in V3, mean QT interval adjusted for heart rate, transverse P-wave clockwise rotation, transverse P-wave terminal angle and transverse QRS complex terminal vector magnitude. Risk score values ranged from 0 (no risk) to 5 (high risk). The predictive validity of the score reached an AUC of 0.764 (95% CI: 0.722 to 0.806) with a global specificity of 61% and a sensitivity of 55%.Conclusions: The automatic assessment of ECG biomarkers from ECGs in sinus rhythm is able to predict the risk for AF providing a low-cost screening strategy for early detection of this pathology.Fil: Sanz García, Ancor. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; EspañaFil: Cecconi, Alberto. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; EspañaFil: Vera, Alberto. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. Servicio de Neurocirugia. Grupo de Epilepsia; EspañaFil: Camarasaltas, Juan Miguel. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; EspañaFil: Alfonso, Fernando. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; EspañaFil: Ortega, Guillermo José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; EspañaFil: Jimenez Borreguero, Jesus. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa; Españ

La piattaforma digitale nazionale INNOVance a supporto della filiera delle costruzioni

Il primo volume della collana presenta il quadro generale, evidenziando gli strumenti messi a punto e integrati in INNOVance e mostrando come questi siano indispensabili per traguardare fattivamente la transizione al digitale del settore delle costruzioni. Dopo un’introduzione di carattere generale, vengono descritti il sistema di classificazione e co- difica definiti per poter identificare in modo univoco i diversi oggetti contenuti nella banca dati, dai prodotti della costruzione sino alle opere, passando attraverso livelli di comples- sità tecnologica, ovvero gli elementi in opera, i sistemi assemblati, i sistemi tecnologici co- struttivi e impiantistici, nonché quelli spaziali e quelli relativi alla gestione dei processi, ovvero le attività, con le risorse umane e i mezzi d’opera necessari per svilupparle.In secondo luogo si riportano le schede tecniche digitali che rappresentano la struttura della Banca Dati INNOVANCE, e in particolare in questo volume quelle relative ai livelli di più elevata complessità tecnologica, come quelle relative all’opera in quanto tale e al si- stema funzionale-spaziale. A seguire si presenta la Banca Dati INNOVance e quindi il portale, con i suoi contenuti, ov- vero la BIM Library, il BIM server e gli strumenti utili per la gestione delle gare indispen- sabili per poter affrontare le nuove frontiere del digitale secondo quanto previsto dal nuo- vo Codice degli Appalti in una prospettiva rivolta a Industria 4.0, oltre che naturalmente le funzionalità relative alla profilazione degli utenti e alla gestione degli oggetti contenuti nella Banca Dati. Per concludere il volume riporta in sintesi gli sviluppi della Banca Dati INNOVance in merito all’interoperabilità potenzialmente verso qualsiasi tipo di software e la sua applicazione agli aspetti di efficienza energetica, nonché le ricadute sulla normativa in primo luogo na- zionale nelle diverse parti delle norme UNI 11337 “Gestione digitale dei processi informa- tivi delle costruzioni”, utili anche per poter dare un contributo nazionale alle norme in- ternazionali in fase di sviluppo nei gruppi di lavoro ISO TC 59 SC 13 “Organization of infor- mation about construction works” e CEN TC 442 Building Information Modelling (BIM)

Geostatistical integration and uncertainty in pollutant concentration surface under preferential sampling

In this paper the focus is on environmental statistics, with the aim of estimating the concentration surface and related uncertainty of an air pollutant. We used air quality data recorded by a network of monitoring stations within a Bayesian framework to overcome difficulties in accounting for prediction uncertainty and to integrate information provided by deterministic models based on emissions meteorology and chemico-physical characteristics of the atmosphere. Several authors have proposed such integration, but all the proposed approaches rely on representativeness and completeness of existing air pollution monitoring networks. We considered the situation in which the spatial process of interest and the sampling locations are not independent. This is known in the literature as the preferential sampling problem, which if ignored in the analysis, can bias geostatistical inferences. We developed a Bayesian geostatistical model to account for preferential sampling with the main interest in statistical integration and uncertainty. We used PM10 data arising from the air quality network of the Environmental Protection Agency of Lombardy Region (Italy) and numerical outputs from the deterministic model. We specified an inhomogeneous Poisson process for the sampling locations intensities and a shared spatial random component model for the dependence between the spatial location of monitors and the pollution surface. We found greater predicted standard deviation differences in areas not properly covered by the air quality network. In conclusion, in this context inferences on prediction uncertainty may be misleading when geostatistical modelling does not take into account preferential sampling