6 research outputs found
Yield and production components of barley plant (Hordeum vulgare) in function of nitrogen fertilization
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of increasing nitrogen levels on forage yield and components of barley plant (Hordeum vulgare). The treatments were: T1 – 0 kg ha-1 of N; T2 – 80 kg ha-1 of N; T3 – 100 kg ha-1 of N; T4 – 120 kg ha-1 of N; T5 – 150 kg ha-1 of N; T6 – 180 kg ha-1 of N and T7 – 220 kg ha-1 of N. No significant interaction (P>0.05) was observed between fertilization levels and evaluation period for variables for tiller m-2 number and dry matter content of barley plant. The regression equations for tiller m-2 number observed of 23 days (854.0752 + 2.1593N) and 45 (1020.7458 + 1.4729N) days after culture implantation showed linear behavior rising in 2.16 and 1.47, respectively for each kg of nitrogen applied. The regression equations for dry matter production observed of 23 days after culture implantation (720.0365 + 3.4388N) also to adjusted linear behavior rising in 3.44 kg ha for each kg of nitrogen applied. No difference (P>0.05) was observed for dry matter production observed 45 days after culture implantation in function of nitrogen fertilization. The culture implantation cost (R 0.98 for each kg of nitrogen applied.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de nÃveis de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura sobre o rendimento e a produção da planta de cevada (Hordeum vulgare, L.). Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: T1 – 0 kg ha-1 de N; T2 – 80 kg ha-1 de N; T3 – 100 kg ha-1 de N; T4 – 120 kg ha-1 de N; T5 – 150 kg ha-1 de N; T6 – 180 kg ha-1 de N; e T7 – 220 kg ha-1 de N. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, composto por sete tratamentos e três repetições. Não houve interação significativa (P > 0,05) entre nÃvel de adubação nitrogenada e época de avaliação para número de perfilhos m-2 e teores de matéria seca das plantas de cevada. As equações de regressão para número de perfilhos m-2 observados 23 dias após plantio (854,0752 + 2,1593N) e 45 dias após plantio (1020,7458 + 1,4729N) mostraram resposta linear crescente de 2,16 e 1,47, respectivamente para cada kg de N aplicado em cobertura na cultura da cevada. Os dados de produção de matéria seca (720,0365 + 3,4388N) ajustaram-se linearmente, indicando que para cada kg de N aplicado em cobertura na cultura da cevada incrementou-se a produção em 3,44 kg ha-1 de matéria seca, na primeira data de avaliação (23 dias após plantio). Já na produção de matéria seca acumulada na segunda data de avaliação (45 dias após plantio), não se observou diferença significativa na produção de matéria seca entre os diferentes nÃveis de adubação nitrogenada. Para o parâmetro custo de implantação de lavoura (R 0,98
La homeopatÃa en las canales de novillos confinados, alimentados con dietas con 48% o 100% de concentrado
El experimento se desarrolló en las instalaciones del Centro de Producción Animal (Nupran) Sector de Ciencias Agrarias y Ambientales de Unicentro en Guarapuava, PR. Se utilizó 32 novillos enteros, raza Charollesa de la misma manada, con edad promedio de 12 meses, peso vivo promedio de 323 kg, con una desviación estándar de 5 kg. El objetivo de este estudio fue la evaluación de caracterÃsticas de la canal y de componentes no integrantes de la canal de novillos terminados en confinamiento, utilizando distintas dietas: T1 - 100% concentrado (80% grano entero de maÃz + 20% de núcleo proteico) ad libitum con la homeopatÃa (100g dia -1 CONVERT H ®), T2 - dieta 100% de concentrado 80% grano entero de maÃz + 20% de núcleo proteico) ad libitum sin homeopatÃa, T3 - dieta 48% de concentrado: forraje de maÃz ad libitum + concentrado (5, 5 kg animal-1 dia-1) con la homeopatÃa (100g dia -1 CONVERT H ®), T4 - dieta 48% de concentrado: forraje de maÃz ad libitum + concentrado (5,5 kg animal-1 dia-1) sin la homeopatÃa. En general, la inclusión de 100 g dia -1 CONVERT H ® no mostró influencia sobre las caracterÃsticas de la canal y de sus componentes no integrantes. La dieta de 100% concentrado ha promovido cambios fisiológicos de la actividad en el bazo y el corazón.The experiment was conducted on the premises of the Center of Animal Production (NUPRAN), Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of the Midwestern State University,  in Guarapuava - PR. It was used in this experiment 32 young bulls, from the Charolais breed, coming from the same herd, with an average age of 12 months and average weight of 323 kg with a standard deviation of 5 kg. The objective of the study was the evaluation of carcass characteristics and the not integrated carcass components of steers finished in feedlot, using different diets: T1- 100% concentrate diet (80% of the whole maize grain + 20% protein core) ad libitum with homeopathy (100g day-1 of CONVERT H®); T2 - 100% concentrate diet (80% of the whole maize grain + 20% protein core) ad libitum without homeopathy; T3 - 48% concentrate diet : maize silage ad libitum + concentrate (5.5 kg animal day-1) with homeopathy (100g day-1 of CONVERT H®); T4 - 48% concentrate diet:  maize silage ad libitum + concentrate (5.5 kg animal day-1) without homeopathy. In a general manner, the inclusion of 100 g day-1 of CONVERT H®, did not present influences in the carcass characteristics and in its non-carcass components. The 100% concentrate diet promoted physiological performance changes on the spleen and heart of young bulls. O experimento se desenvolveu nas instalações do Núcleo de Produção Animal (Nupran) do Setor de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais da UNICENTRO, em Guarapuava, PR. Utilizou-se 32 novilhos inteiros, raça Charolês, provenientes de mesmo rebanho, com idade média de 12 meses, peso vivo médio inicial de 323 kg com desvio padrão de 5 kg. O objetivo do trabalho foi a avaliação das caracterÃsticas de carcaça e dos componentes não integrantes de carcaça de novilhos terminados em  confinamento, utilizando diferentes dietas: T1 – dieta 100% concentrado (80% milho grão inteiro + 20% núcleo protéico) ad libitum com homeopatia (100g dia -1 de CONVERT H®); T2 – dieta 100% concentrado (80% milho grão inteiro + 20%  núcleo protéico) ad libitum sem homeopatia; T3 – dieta 48% concentrado: silagem de milho ad libitum + concentrado (5,5 kg animal-1 dia-1) com homeopatia (100g dia -1 de CONVERT H®); T4 - dieta 48% concentrado: silagem de milho ad libitum + concentrado (5,5 kg animal-1 dia-1) sem homeopatia. De maneira geral, a inclusão de 100 g dia -1 de CONVERT H® não apresentou influencia nas caracterÃsticas da carcaça e de seus componentes não integrantes. A dieta 100% concentrado promoveu alterações de atuação fisiológica no baço e no coração
Probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) effect on carcass characteristics and non-integrant components of Holsteinbull calves in feedlot
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on carcass characteristics of Holstein steers finished in feedlot. The experiment was conducted at the Midwest State University in the Center of Animal Production (NUPRAN). 24 Holstein steers were used with initial age of 192 days and initial body weight of 221 kg with a standard deviation of 7 kg. The experiment had a 210 days duration. The inclusion of probiotic containing the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae KA500 (2x1010 CFU g-1) was provided at the order of 10 g animal-1 day-1. At the end of the feedlot, following a fasting period of 12 hours, the animals were weighed before loading to the fridge. The slaughter followed the normal flow of a slaughterhouse. The probiotic containing live yeast resulted in no significant effect (p> 0.05) on the features and components that are not part of the carcass.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on carcass characteristics of Holstein steers finished in feedlot. The experiment was conducted at the Midwest State University in the Center of Animal Production (NUPRAN). 24 Holstein steers were used with initial age of 192 days and initial body weight of 221 kg with a standard deviation of 7 kg. The experiment had a 210 days duration. The inclusion of probiotic containing the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae KA500 (2x1010 CFU g-1) was provided at the order of 10 g animal-1 day-1. At the end of the feedlot, following a fasting period of 12 hours, the animals were weighed before loading to the fridge. The slaughter followed the normal flow of a slaughterhouse. The probiotic containing live yeast resulted in no significant effect (p> 0.05) on the features and components that are not part of the carcass
Severity of leaf diseases in maize inbred lines with different kernel hardness in two sowing seasons
Resistance of maize inbred lines to major leaf diseases should be characterized for the development of new hybrids in breeding programs. Thus, this study aimed to assess the severity of leaf diseases in maize inbredlines with different kernel hardnessand two sowingseasons. We assessed four inbred lines and one check hybrid with dent kernels and four inbred lines and a check hybrid with flint kernels. Treatments were conducted in two sowing seasons, one in October, and another in December 2013. The symptoms of gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis), northern leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum), and white leaf spot (a complex of Phaeosphaeria maydis and Pantoea ananatis) were assessed every 10 days from flowering. The area under the disease progress curve was also calculated. Severity level of the diseases was higher in inbred lines when compared to the check hybrds (AG8041 PRO and P30R50YH), regardless of kernel hardness. Dent-kernel inbred lines showed a higher severity of northern leaf blight symptoms when compared to flint-kernelones. It is worth mentioning that disease severity increased as sowing was delayed
Rendimentos e componentes de produção da planta de cevada (Hordeum vulgare) em função de nÃveis de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura
O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de nÃveis de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura sobre os rendimentos e componentes da produção da planta de cevada (Hordeum vulgare, L.). Foram avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: T1 – 0 kg ha-1 de N; T2 – 80 kg ha-1 de N; T3 – 100 kg ha-1 de N; T4 – 120 kg ha-1 de N; T5 – 150 kg ha-1 de N; T6 – 180 kg ha-1 de N; e T7 – 220 kg ha-1 de N. Não houve interação significativa (P>0,05) entre nÃvel de adubação nitrogenada e época de avaliação para número de perfilhos m²-1 e teores de matéria seca das plantas de cevada. As equações de regressão para número de perfilhos m²-1 observados 23 dias após plantio (854,0752 + 2,1593N) e 45 dias após plantio (1020,7458 + 1,4729N) mostraram resposta linear crescente de 2,16 e 1,47, respectivamente para cada kg de N aplicado em cobertura na cultura da cevada. Os dados de produção de matéria seca (720,0365 + 3,4388N) ajustaram-se linearmente, indicando que para cada kg de N aplicado em cobertura na cultura da cevada incrementou-se a produção em 3,44 kg ha-1 de matéria seca, na primeira data de avaliação (23 dias após plantio). Já na produção de matéria seca acumulada na segunda data de avaliação (45 dias após plantio), não se observou diferença significativa na produção de matéria seca entre os diferentes nÃveis de adubação nitrogenada. Para o parâmetro custo de implantação de lavoura (R 0,98
Nutritional characteristics and losses on fermentation of corn silage, harvested in different reproductive stages with different grain processing
O experimento foi conduzido no Núcleo de Produção Animal (NUPRAN) da Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste (UNICENTRO), com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da colheita da planta de milho em diferentes estádios reprodutivos e com diferentes processamentos de grãos sobre as perdas e o valor nutritivo das silagens. Diferenças (P 0.05) results found for the R5 stage, which had an average loss of around 5.77%, demonstrating that silage harvested at R5 stage, allow greater dry matter recovery and hence greater savings for the farmer. Regarding the parameter of losses of crude protein, there were no significant differences for the effects of isolated or associated stages of harvesting and processing of grain in corn silage. Large differences can be perceived as the loss of neutral detergent fiber and loss of acid detergent fiber silage, justified by the increase in the levels of acid detergent fiber in the average share of 22.96% in the silage harvested at stage R3 and reduction in their concentration with an average of 4.60% for the R5 stage. No significant differences were observed (P <0.05) for the particle size as the different treatments, only significance being observed as the participation of whole grains in bulk, this ranging on average from 2.59% to 10.27% dry matter, respectively for stage R3 and R4-R5. In general, silage maize plant reproductive stage R5 provided smaller losses nutritious silage storage and greater accumulation of grains in bulk when compared to R3 stage