Evaluation of antibiotic prophylaxis use in a university dental clinic in the Lisbon area

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures: do dental students know enough?

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evaluation of antibiotic prescription for upper respiratory tract infections in the community pharmacy setting

This is an Open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Objectives: To empirically classify the etiology of URTI; to study the prescription pattern for antibiotics in URTI; and to analyze the necessity and adequacy of prescribed therapy. Study design: Observational non analytical cross-sectional study. Study sites: Two community pharmacies located in Almada and in Elvas. Study population: Patients with an antibiotic prescription for a URTI (self use) and age greater than or equal to 18 years. Methods: Clinical and therapeutic data were collected during patient observation performed by a training pharmacist, and complemented with information collected through a questionnaire administered face-to-face to patients meeting the inclusion criteria and agreeing to participate. Empirical classifications were developed, one to ascertain the probability of URTI, based on Centor criteria, and another, to judge the need for antibiotic therapy, based on additional criteria considering subpopulations known to be at higher risk. Data was analyzed using the software SPSS, version 20.0. Results: The sample included 22 patients (27.3% recruited in Almada and 72.7% in Elvas). The most frequently prescribed antibiotic class was macrolides (54.5%), followed by penicillins (36.4%). In the first group, clarithromycin prevailed (66.7%) and in the second group, the more common was the association amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (75%). Considering the empirical classification developed, it was estimated that only one patient (4.5%) presented signs and symptoms suggestive of URTI with probable bacterial aetiology, and only three patients (13.6%) had an indication for antimicrobial therapy. Conclusion: The majority of patients observed were classified as having infections with apparently non-bacterial aetiology, for which the prescription of antibiotic would have been probably needless. This alerts to the overuse of antibiotics in the community setting, particularly for URTI, and its contribution to resistance.

S. aureus and MRSA nasal carriage in dental students: a comprehensive approach

Communication abstract: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of CiiEM - Reducing inequalities in Health and Society, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from June 16th to 18th, 2021.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA are important clinical pathogens representing a serious public health problem. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among dental students, identify the factors that influence this carriage, and characterize MRSA. A prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA carriage of 25.2% and 0.86% was estimated, respectively, and SCCmec Type VI, was identified in all isolated MRSA. The low MRSA colonization rate can reflect good infection control practices followed by students.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Awareness and use of heat-not-burn tobacco among students of Egas Moniz—Cooperative of Higher Education

Communication abstract: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of CiiEM - Reducing inequalities in Health and Society, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from June 16th to 18th, 2021.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Heated tobacco products (HTP) use a device that heats tobacco to generate an aerosol containing nicotine instead of burning it as it happens with combustion tobacco. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of heat-not-burn tobacco use among students of a Healthcare University Institution—Egas Moniz—and identify the factors that influence this use. A questionnaire adapted from the WHO Global Health Professional Students Survey was applied between May and July 2019 in the study population. Subsequently, an exploratory analysis of the data was carried out and a logistic regression was applied in order to determine the factors that influence students to consume heated tobacco.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Um novo passo na educação farmacêutica universitária : aprendizagem integrada em Parafarmácia

Poster apresentado no 14º Congresso das Farmácias. Centro de Congressos de Lisboa, 9-11 de fevereiro de 2023N/

A snapshot of the quality of therapy in nursing homes

Poster presented at the 1st International Congress of CiiEM: From Basic Sciences to Clinical Research, 27-28 November 2015, Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal

Análise do perfil de utilização da terapêutica empírica antibiótica instituída em Infeções do Trato Urinário Adquiridas na Comunidade (ITU-AC)

"Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil de utilização da terapêutica antibiótica instituída nas infeções do trato urinário adquiridas na comunidade (ITU-AC). Tipo de Estudo: Estudo observacional longitudinal prospetivo. Local: Farmácias comunitárias dos concelhos de Almada, Amadora, Cascais, Lisboa, Oeiras e Sintra. População: Doentes com ITU-AC que recorreram às farmácias participantes. Métodos: Os participantes, numa fase inicial, responderam a um questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica da amostra e recolha de informação sobre a terapêutica e recorrência das ITU. Após conclusão da terapêutica, responderam a uma entrevista telefónica para caracterização do perfil de utilização (de acordo com a escala adaptada de quatro itens MMAS). Os resultados obtidos foram tratados com recurso ao programa IBM SPSS, versão 20,0. Resultados: Obteve-se uma amostra de 33 doentes, mas apenas foi possível caracterizar o perfil de utilização de 21 doentes. Face à terapêutica indicada, a maior parte dos doentes utilizou fosfomicina (47,6%, n=10), seguido da nitrofurantoína (23,8%, n=5), ambos antibióticos de primeira linha. Relativamente ao perfil de utilização, verificou-se que 81 por cento (n=17) dos doentes foram classificados como aderentes. Entre os não aderentes, metade foi classificada como não intencionais e a outra metade como intencionais. Conclusão: Neste estudo verificou-se que a maioria dos doentes era aderente à terapêutica antibiótica instituída, e apenas uma pequena parte foi classificada como não aderentes. Assim, pode-se concluir que o valor encontrado para a não adesão (19 por cento) vai ao encontro do valor descrito na literatura (22 por cento).

Medication review in the elderly: how competent are community pharmacists in detecting drug-related problems?

Poster presented at the 5th PCNE Working Symposium 2016: “Work in Progress – Progress in Work”, 19-20 February 2016, Hillerød, Denmark

Evidence of sharing of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains between healthy companion animals and cohabiting humans

Research Areas: MicrobiologyThis study aimed to characterize the fecal colonization and sharing of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains between companion animals and humans living in close contact. Fecal samples were collected from 50 healthy participants (24 humans, 18 dogs, and 8 cats) belonging to 18 households. Samples were plated onto MacConkey agar (MCK) plates with and without cefotaxime or meropenem supplementation. Up to five K. pneumoniae colonies per participant were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after XbaI restriction. K. pneumoniae strains with unique pulse types from each participant were characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and multilocus sequence type (MLST). Fecal K. pneumoniae pulse types were compared to those of clinical K. pneumoniae strains from animal and human patients with urinary tract infections (n = 104). K. pneumoniae colonization was detected in nonsupplemented MCK in around 38% of dogs (n = 7) and humans (n = 9). K. pneumoniae strains isolated from dogs belonged to sequence type 17 (ST17), ST188, ST252, ST281, ST423, ST1093, ST1241, ST3398, and ST3399. None of the K. pneumoniae strains were multidrug resistant or hypervirulent. Two households included multiple colonized participants. Notably, two colonized dogs within household 15 (H15) shared a strain each (ST252 and ST1241) with one coliving human. One dog from H16 shared one PFGE-undistinguishable K. pneumoniae ST17 strain with two humans from different households; however, the antimicrobial susceptibility phenotypes of these three strains differed. Two main virulence genotypes were detected, namely fimH-1 mrkD ycfM entB kfu and fimH-1 mrkD ycfM entB kpn. These results highlight the potential role of dogs as a reservoir of K. pneumoniae to humans and vice versa. Furthermore, to our best knowledge, this is the first report of healthy humans and dogs sharing K. pneumoniae strains that were undistinguishable by PFGE/MLST.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio